Wêneyên bingehîn a rêzikên perverû yên asayî yên dîagrama fonksiyonan

Diyagrama Sîstemanê ya Kontrolê ya Tekerên Dabistanê

• Kontaktên Serhêja Tekerê: Wan di sîstemanê de ne partên kontrolan nîne. Wan wek elementên serhêjîn da ku dabeş û dibêjin da ku bav bikin an bigihin da ku tekerêya elektrîkî serhêjî bigihin.

• Mekanîzmeya Operasyonê Mekanîk: Ev mekanîzm energyê berdara dikin da ku kontaktên serhêjîyan ji navbera vekirina veke û vekirina serhêjî bike. Ev di sîstemanê de yên kontrolê de ne hatine. Rôle yake weraz dike da ku fizîkî şeşeyîn da ku kontaktên serhêjîyan biguherînin, ku ew taybetmendîyek ekuştiyê ye da ku tekerêya elektrîkî bav bikin an bigihin.

• Sîstema Barbardkirina Energyê: Sîstema barbardkirina energyê energyê berdara dikin da ku mekanîzmeya operasyonê werekar bide. Di sîstan de ku hêsan ên barbardkirina energyê bi hidravlik, serpil, an pneumatik, ev pir amadeye electric motor, motor-operated pump, an kompresor. Ev sîstemê pêwist dikin da ku mekanîzmeya operasyonê heyeke powerê da ku karên xwe, wisa bavkirina û dibêkirina kontaktên serhêjî, da ku tekerêya elektrîkî werekar bibe.

Monitorê Density û Kontaktên Monitorê Density: Ev cihedên li ser supervisyonê insulation û / an media arc-extinguishing, ku serhêjî SF6 an mixed gas di tekerên modern de. Pir amadeye temperature-compensated pressure switches bikar hin. Ew auxiliary relays werebike da ku tekerêya elektrîkî ji dibêkirina an bavkirina veqet bike ma heta SF6 gas density di enclosures de jê bibe lê zêde. Ev switches û kontaktên du fonksiyonên wan e:

• Warning/Alarm Function: Ew warning an alarm werebike ma heta SF6 gas density di enclosures de jê bibe lê zêde level-a lockout. Ev alertê girêdan deket da ku operatorê dema kêm bibe da ku çareseribûn bide paşdi tekerêya elektrîkî lockout bike û operasyonê yake werebije.

• Interlocking/Prohibiting Function: Ma heta SF6 gas density "lockout level" werebike, ku operasyonê weraz nebe, ev komponent interlock an prohibite bike operasyonê tekerêya elektrîkî. Operatorê hêliya hêliya hêve da ku tekerêya elektrîkî automatîk trip bike û lockout bike (option-a "forced trip", ku risken îndamîn) an lockout bike ji pozîsyona heyî.

Close Coil: Close coil wek solenoid device ye. Ma heta tekerêya elektrîkî signalê closing valid werebike, close coil energized bike. Ev energization mechanism release bike, ku kontaktên serhêjî tekerêya elektrîkî bav bike. Paşdi tekerêya elektrîkî pozîsyona closing werebike, auxiliary switch contacts di circuit closing de open bike, de-energizing closing coils. Pir amadeye yek closing coil di sîstemanê de heye da ku closing operationê yek, coordinated bike.

Open Coils: Open coils wek solenoid devices ne. Ma heta tekerêya elektrîkî signalê opening valid werebike, ew energized bike. Energization open coils mechanism release bike, ku kontaktên serhêjî tekerêya elektrîkî dibike. Paşdi tekerêya elektrîkî pozîsyona opening werebike, auxiliary switch contacts di trip coil circuits de open bike, de-energizing trip coils. Pir amadeye du trip coils hene da ku operasyonê ji independent power supplies. Operasyonê yek trip coil baste dibikin da ku tekerêya elektrîkî dibike. Pêdivîbûna du coils riskê failure to trip minimize bike, reliability ên processê breaking enhance bike.

• Position Auxiliary Switch: Ev kontaktên ji operasyonê tekerêya elektrîkî driven ne. Ew current ên close û trip coils interrupt bike da ku de-energize bike paşdi operasyon (closing or opening) complete bike. Additionally, ew bikar hin da ku pozîsyona tekerêya elektrîkî indicating û monitoring bike. Ew role yek din di interlocking control û protection operations bay an station level de, preventing incorrect switching operations. Ev switches bikar hin da ku pozîsyona tekerêya elektrîkî parameter yek taybetmendî be.

• Anti-Pumping: Feature anti-pumping designed ne da ku re-closing operation prevent bike ma heta command ên close previous active bike while tekerêya elektrîkî opened bike. Ev mechanism stop bike tekerêya elektrîkî repeatedly closing û opening, ku could lead damage û safety hazards. Pir amadeye command ên close energizes anti-pumping relay via auxiliary switch contact (NO contact). One contact ên anti-pumping relay interrupts circuit ên close coil, while second contact latches an "seals in" anti-pumping relay until command ên close removed from circuit.

• Energy Limit Contact: Energy limit contacts set ne da ku activate bike ma heta stored energy ên mechanism depleted, either due to operation or losses. Pir amadeye ew trigger motor start, aiming restore energy ên mechanism normal operating level, such as re-compressing spring or replenishing hydraulic/pneumatic pressure. For spring mechanisms, recharging typically occurs after every close operation, whereas other mechanism types may be able perform several operations before recharging needed. Pneumatic û hydraulic systems have switch monitors pressure û energizes compressor when pressure falls below critical level. Once energy level restored, switch opens, stopping motor. Motor generally equipped protection against thermal overload time-limit relay, which stops motor (or motor-operated pump or compressor) case malfunction. Switches or contacts monitoring stored energy perform following functions:

• Closing Lockout: Ew lock out closing operation if tekerêya elektrîkî lacks sufficient energy close û re-open safely.

• Opening Lockout: Ew lock out opening operation if tekerêya elektrîkî does not have enough energy open safely. This particularly relevant for hydraulic or pneumatic circuit breakers, although it may not apply same way spring-operated breakers, where successful closing charges opening spring(s).

• Charging Control: Ew control (start and stop) charging circuit ên energy storage device (e.g., spring).

• Local/Remote Switch: Ev selector switch ne da ku allows operator disable remote control û operate tekerêya elektrîkî only locally. Ew serves safety feature prevent remote operation tekerêya elektrîkî during maintenance, ensuring safety maintenance personnel.

• Disconnect/Fuse Element: Ev devices used cut off power supply ên control system during maintenance work or fault ên control circuit. Disconnection usually achieved through knife switches removable fuses/links, which provide visual confirmation control circuit open. Ew can locked open position prevent unauthorized re-connection. Cases short-circuit protection required, Mini Circuit Breakers (MCB) can used alternative simple fuses.

• Local Control and Indication: Ev function provides indication tekerêya elektrîkî position status local/remote control facility. These indicators mainly maintenance purposes emergency operations, depending local safety regulations, enabling personnel quickly assess condition tekerêya elektrîkî.

• Pole Discrepancy/Pole Disagreement Circuit: For Independent Pole Operation (IPO) circuit breakers, where each phase has own operating mechanism, possible one phase tekerêya elektrîkî different position (open or closed) compared other phases. Situation known pole discrepancy or pole disagreement, can lead unsymmetrical primary current. When pole discrepancy occurs, auxiliary switch contacts each phase used energize time-delay relay. If discrepancy persists preset time delay (usually between 1.5 to 5 seconds, depending specific grid conditions allowable duration asymmetric primary circuit operation, should longer than one-phase auto-reclose time shorter than negative phase sequence protection generation), attempt made trip all phases tekerêya elektrîkî. If pole discrepancy due failure close one pole, trip likely succeed. However, if initial discrepancy due failure open, failed pole may not respond subsequent opening commands, opening other circuit breakers necessary.

• Heating: Space heaters commonly installed each operating mechanism control housings. Purpose reduce condensation, which cause corrosion malfunctions equipment, thereby ensuring reliable operation components tekerêya elektrîkî.