Kwamfuta a Aiki da SST Auxiliary Power da Koyarwa Dukkuna
Biyu Masu Mafi Inganci da Kiyasin Kula Da Juyin Solid-State Transformer (SST)
Maiduguri na Kirkiro Kirkiro da Kyakkyawan Tsarki.
Idan ba su shiga muhimmin juyin kirkiro kula bace, amma suke taimaka wajen inganta da kyakkyawa tsarin yankin. Su ne "zane" da "karamin rike" wajen inganta da kyakkyawar girman yankin.
Maiduguri na Kirkiro: "Zane" na System
Maiduguri na kirkiro ya bayyana kirkiro masu "takarda" da "hanyoyin" na cikin solid-state transformer daban-daban. Zan iya haɗa kan cewa kyakkyawar ta zai yanayin cewa system ya iya gudanar da kyakkyawa.
I. Muhimmanci Balaɓuka
Ingantaccen Kirkiro Gaba-gaba: Yana buƙata muhimmiyar zuwa aiki a wurare da kirkiro gaba-gaba don bayyana kirkiro a yankin da ke faruwa, haka ana buƙata zuwa aiki a cikin modulen kirkiro da yake da muhimmiyar tasirin ingantaccen kirkiro.
Kyakkyawar Tabbacin Inganci: Aiki a yankin da ke faruwa a tsari mai yawa (daɗuɗu zuwa miliyan) ita ce ta zama sama da fadada inganci (dv/dt) da tabbacin inganci (EMI). Maiduguri na kirkiro ya kamata a yi faruwar da kyakkyawa a wannan yankin mai yawa.
Faran Faruwar Da Kyakkyawa:
Kirkiro Gate Driver: Yana bayyana kirkiro mai ingantacce ga gate drivers masu sabbin switch (misali SiC MOSFETs). Har yanzu a faruwar da kyakkyawa ita ce ma a faruwa da kyakkyawa don in ba suka faruwa da fault.
Kirkiro Control Board: Yana bayyana kirkiro ga digital controllers (DSP/FPGA), sensors, da circuits na communication, domin samun kirkiro mai kyakkyawa da babban inganci.
II. Muhimmanci Nau'ukan Bayyana Kirkiro da Hukumar Aiki
Bayyana Kirkiro Mai Gaba-gaba: Ana amfani da isolated switching power supply (misali flyback converter) don bayyana energy daga input mai gaba-gaba. Wannan shine muhimmiyar balaɓuka da ke faruwa da ake buƙata hukumar aiki mai mahimmanci.
Multi-Output Isolated DC-DC Modules: Ba a yi bayyana kirkiro mai ingantacce ba, ana amfani da multiple isolated DC-DC modules don bayyana voltages masu ingantacce.
Hukumar Redundancy: A cikin ayyukan da ke faruwa da kyakkyawa, maiduguri na kirkiro ana amfani da hukumar redundancy don in ba a yi safe shutdown ko seamless switchover zuwa backup supply idan primary failure yana faruwa.
Kyakkyawan Tsarki: "Karamin Rike" na System
Kyakkyawan tsarki yana da muhimmiyar rawa ga power density, output capability, da lifespan na SST.
Tambaya Yana Da Muhimmiyar Rawar?
Mai Yawa Power Density: Idan an sauransu line-frequency transformers da ke mai yawa, SSTs suna da muhimmiyar rawa ga energy a cikin power modules masu mai yawa, wanda yake da faruwar da heat flux (heat generated per unit area).
Temperature Sensitivity of Semiconductor Devices: Idan SiC/GaN power devices suna da kyakkyawa, amma suna da limits mai yawa da junction temperature (typically 175°C or lower). Overheating zai taimaka wa performance degradation, reduced reliability, ko permanent failure.
Rawar Da Ta Yi a Efficiency: Poor heat dissipation zai rage chip junction temperature, wanda yake da faruwar da on-state resistance, wanda yake da faruwar da losses—creating a vicious cycle.
III. Turutan Na Kyakkyawan Tsarki
| Turutan Na Kyakkyawan Tsarki | Principle | Application Scenarios and Features |
| Natural Convection | Heat is dissipated through fins on the heatsink via natural air circulation. | Suitable only for low-power or very low-loss experimental setups. Cannot meet the requirements of most SST applications. |
| Forced Air Cooling | A fan is mounted on the heatsink to significantly enhance airflow. | The most common and lowest-cost solution. However, heat dissipation capacity is limited, and fans introduce noise, limited lifespan, and dust accumulation issues. Suitable for medium- to low-power density designs. |
| Liquid Cooling | Heat is removed by a liquid cooling plate and circulation pump. | The mainstream and preferred choice for high-power-density SSTs today. |
| Cold Plate Liquid Cooling | Power devices are mounted on internal metal plates with fluid channels. | Heat dissipation capability is several times that of air cooling; compact structure enables very low temperature at the heat source. |
| Immersion Cooling | The entire power module is submerged in an insulating coolant. | Highest heat dissipation efficiency; non-boiling single-phase immersion vs. boiling two-phase immersion. Capable of handling extreme power densities, but system complexity and cost are highest. |
3. Advanced Thermal Management Concepts
3.1 Predictive Thermal Control
System monitors temperature and load in real-time, predicts future temperature rise trends, and preemptively adjusts fan speeds, pump rates, or even slightly reduces output power to prevent temperatures from reaching critical levels.
3.2 Electro-Thermal Co-Design
Thermal design is synchronized with electrical and structural design from the early stages of development. For example, simulations are used to optimize the layout of power modules, ensuring that high heat flux components are preferentially placed near the coolant inlet.
4. The Lifeline System Working in Concert
Auxiliary power supplies and thermal management systems together form the core safeguards of a solid-state transformer. Their relationship can be summarized as follows:
4.1 The Auxiliary Power Supply - Ensuring System Operability
It is the prerequisite for ensuring that the system "can operate," providing power to all control units, including those of the thermal management system (fans, water pumps).
4.2 The Thermal Management System - Ensuring System Durability
It is the cornerstone for ensuring that the system "can sustain operation," safeguarding main power devices and the auxiliary power supply itself from failure due to overheating.
A highly reliable SST is inevitably the result of a perfect integration of outstanding electrical design, thermal management, and control design.
