Surge Arresters: Principles and Applications
An surge arrester wani wurin da muhimmanci ce da ake amfani da ita don karkashar gwamnatin yanayin da tattalin arziki daga harsuna. Yana gina da ya kawo da ya koyar harsunan arziki, don haka yana karkashar tattalin arziki da mutanen da suka shiga. A nan za a bayyana cikakken abubuwan da take yi.
1. Basic Construction of Surge Arresters
An surge arrester na iya haɗa da biyu masu muhimmiyar kungiyoyi: gas discharge tube da metal oxide varistor (MOV).
Gas Discharge Tube: Wani wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin arrester, wanda an haɗa da biyu masu kafin da ake tsara da gas. Idan an samun harsunan arziki daga harsuna, zai iya kawo gas discharge tube da kuma zai faru, don haka zai gina wasan da ba da takawa uku da ke kawo da harsunan arziki da ke koyar zuwa talaba.
Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV): Ya fi inganta sabbin babban kungiyoyi, MOV yana ba da ingantaccen bincike da ke dogara harsunan arziki. Idan gas discharge tube yake faru, MOV yana jawo da kyau don kawo da harsunan arziki da ke koyar zuwa talaba.
2. Working Principle of Surge Arresters
Aikin surge arrester na iya haɗa da biyu masu al'adu: equilibrium stage da breakdown stage.
Equilibrium Stage:
Idan an yi aiki a matsayin, gas discharge tube da MOV suna da takawa uku da ke koyar harsunan arziki. Arrester ba sa iya tabbatar da aikin ci gaba.
Breakdown Stage:
Idan harsuna ta samun yanayin, zai faru harsunan arziki. Idan harsunan arziki yake kusa, gas discharge tube zai faru, don haka zai gina wasan da ba da takawa uku da ke koyar harsunan arziki zuwa talaba, don karkashar tattalin arziki da mutane.
Duk da haka, MOV yana da muhimmanci. Yana jawo da kyau don kawo da harsunan arziki, don haka zai karkasha tattalin arziki da ke koyar zuwa talaba.
3. Applications of Surge Arresters
Surge arresters suna amfani a matsayin wata tushen da tattalin arziki, ciki har da yanayin da tattalin arziki, mazaunai, tashar kasuwanci, da kuma tashar arziki. Muhimmancinsu na iya karkashar tattalin arziki, kuma jin daɗe, kudeta, da kuma kawo tattalin arziki.
Arresters suna haɗa da biyu masu al'adu: low-voltage, medium-voltage, da high-voltage, duk da haka ana amfani da su a kan al'adun da ake bukata.
4. Maintenance and Testing
Don haka a yi aiki da dubawa, surge arresters suna buƙata ingantaccen aiki da buƙata.
Maintenance: Ana buƙata a yi buƙatun ainihi game da darajarun lafiya, koroso, ko kisan abubuwa. Yanayin da suka lalace suka buƙata don in a gina daidai. Tsakiyar yanayin yana buƙata a yi nasara.
Testing: Ingantaccen yanayin na iya canza ta hanyar oya ingantaccen resistance. Idan resistance yake kusa, yana nufin cewa an yi lafiya, kuma yana buƙata don in a gina daidai.
Duk da haka, ana amfani da wasu yanayin mai karatu don in a yi karatu da yanayin, don haka zai iya canza abubuwan da suka faru da kuma yi aiki daidai.
Summary
Surge arresters suna da muhimmanci wajen karkashar tattalin arziki da mutane daga harsuna. Daga baya, suna haɗa da gas discharge tube da metal oxide varistor, don haka suna gina wasan da ba da takawa uku da ke koyar harsunan arziki. An yi aiki a kan equilibrium stage idan an yi aiki a matsayin, da kuma breakdown stage idan an samun harsunan arziki. Suna amfani a matsayin wata tushen da tattalin arziki, kuma suna buƙata ingantaccen aiki da buƙata don in a karkashar aikin daidai.
