Muhimmanci aiki na sub-stashin kifi mai sarrafa da 110 kV high-voltage GIS switchgear Design research

Dabbobi da Fittar Tashin Kudanci Daga GIS

Yanzu, kudancin tashin kudan da ake amfani da shi na musamman sun hada da tashin kudan gaba kan gida da ba su fi mai yawa, GIS na gida na hukuma, GIS na gida na kayan gine, da kuma GIS na gaba mai sarrafa. Binciken yaɗi na iya zama wa makarantar Indonesia don in fadada kudancin tashin kudan don substation mai sarrafa masana'antu. Yawan substation a Indonesia suna cikin yankunan da suka da muhimmanci da yawan lutsen kai da yawa. Idan a yi nasara ta bayanin aiki, yanayin tushen noma na sarki na iya haɗa da mafi girma, in samun amfani da abubuwa, da kuma in yage magana ga 35 kV substations. Substation daga noma na sarki a Indonesia suna da yawa, da miliyan da abubuwan da ke tsara, da wasu lokaci, wanda ya sa kyau in yi takamfofi a fittar tashin kudan da kudancin tashin kudan.

GIS na gaba mai sarrafa ta haihuƙe breakers da disconnectors, da amfani da busbars na hukuma. Wannan tambayar zai iya ƙare yawan flanges da abubuwan gaba, don haka in sanar da zararricin ƙasa a cikin yankin da ke buƙata. Shi ne, an yi sarrafa GIS mai sarrafa zai iya ƙare matsalolin fittar da zamantakewa, wanda zai taimaka wajen fittar da inganta abubuwan a yankunan da ke da faru da gurbin.

Indonesia ta da harsuna mai yawa da yawan rana, saboda haka, kontrolon mai sarrafa ta da muhimmiyar tasiri ga al'amuran. A Indonesia, kontrolon mai sarrafa a gaba suna bukatar tsari na lafiya na 5% - 95% da tsari na hawa na ƙasa na - 5 - 55°C, babu karfi na lafiya. Don in samun sarrafa na hawa, ƙare lafiya, da kuma in ƙare karfi na lafiya ga kontrolon mai sarrafa gaba, wannan bincike ta yi amfani da tsarin fittar air-conditioners a kofin doron kontrolon.

Idan a nan main wiring, ita ce muhimmiya in tabbatar da amanna, marubucinsa, da kuma tsabta a wajen amfani. Saboda wiring na 110 kV, ana amfani da sectional wiring ko bridge-type wiring. Bridge-type wiring tana da miliyan da breakers da ƙwarewa, amma amannin tana da ma'aici, da kuma matsalolin inganta da zamantakewa suna da yawa. Saboda haka, wannan bincike ta amfani da breakers don in ƙare busbar. Da wannan tsarin sectional wiring, idan wata batun na busbar ta yi faɗa, batun din suna biyo ta fadada kai, in tabbatar da amanna. Wiring na 110 kV na batun tana da yawan batun, da kuma amanna da tsabta. Tsarin substation mai sarrafa mai sarrafa a cikin Figura 1.

Transformers a cikin substation, wanda suka da muhimmiya wajen neman halayen. Idan a nan miliyan da amfani, tsarin bincike ta amfani da online dissolved gas monitoring device a oil da kuma online iron core grounding current detection device. Wata, da ke biye da 200,000 RMB, ta amfani don in neman insulation na transformer, wato tana amfani don in neman grounding current na iron core. Duka teknologi su ne mai mahimmanci da ake amfani da su.

Transformer mai sarrafa ta haihuƙe primary da secondary equipment, wanda zai taimaka wajen perception da assessment na state. Don in taimaka neman da kontrolon shift, da kuma in ƙare yawan maintenance, natural oil-circulation air-cooling ta zama tsari na cooling na transformer mai sarrafa.

GIS mai sarrafa ta haihuƙe breakers, switches, da kuma current transformers a kofin kofin, wanda zai ƙare yawan abubuwan. Babban da cewa, GIS mai sarrafa gaba tana da yawan abubuwan da flanges, da amma amanna da resistance na koroshi, wanda zai taimaka wajen amfani a cikin yankin da ke buƙata. Voltage na bay equipment na GIS mai sarrafa tana da 126 kV, da kuma current tana da 2000 A. Har wata bay equipment na GIS mai sarrafa tana da sensors, intelligent control cabinets, da kuma SF₆ gas state detection devices. Abubuwan tana taimaka wajen neman state na gas da kuma amfani, in samun digital measurement, information interaction, da kuma inquiry functions ga high-voltage switches.

Takamfofin Kudancin Tashin Kudan da Layout Na Gaba

A cikin tsarin substation mai sarrafa na hukuma, fittar terminal cabinets da hybrid GIS control-gathering cabinets suna amfani da tsari na fittar ƙofin bay. Amma, wannan tsari tana ba da yawan cable-crossing loops, wanda ba ta da muhimmanci wajen neman shift. Saboda haka, circuits na terminal mai sarrafa da mechanisms na hybrid GIS zai iya haɗa da su. Ta haihuƙe panels, interlocking loops, anti-tripping loops, da kuma non-in-phase loops a terminal mai sarrafa, zai iya samun design mai sarrafa.

Takamfofin control cabinets mai sarrafa suna da uku abubuwa: (1) In ƙare circuit ta yi amfani da local terminal software logic a kan hard-wiring logic; (2) In taimaka communication bay-to-bay through terminals mai sarrafa da event-oriented object technology; (3) In haɗa da circuits na terminal mai sarrafa da breakers control circuits, in ƙare redundant functions like pressure interlocking loops. Idan a nan improvement da circuits, layout na terminals mai sarrafa a cikin control-gathering cabinets na hukuma tana daɗi, da kuma connections bayan control-gathering cabinets da abubuwan da suka amfani su su ƙare.

Tsarin bincike ta amfani da modular prefabricated cabin model. Layout na substation tana da muhimmanci a cikin al'amuran da engineering requirements na yankin, da amma advantages kamar amanna, reliability, environmental friendliness, fire protection, da kuma easy operation and maintenance. A cikin yankin, 110 kV distribution equipment da transformers mai sarrafa suna amfani da tsari na north to south. Don in tabbatar da transport, circular fire-fighting passage tana daɗi a cikin substation, da kuma on-site installation tana amfani da minimal layout. Da wannan layout, 18% na ƙasa tana ƙare. General layout na distribution equipment a cikin tsarin bincike a cikin Figura 2.

Idan a nan takamfofin dimensions na distribution

Tsarin bincike ta amfani da tsari na arranging hybrid GIS equipment a biyu rows, da kuma 110 kV distribution equipment ta amfani da outdoor aluminum-magnesium alloy support tube busbars. Standard sectional bay layout tana da linear arrangement of soft conduit busbars at both ends, wanda tana da yawan space laterally. Saboda integration na hybrid GIS equipment, layout tana da yawa. Bincike tana set lateral dimension na bay a 8 m, wanda tana da 2 m ƙarin. Standard longitudinal length tana da 39 m. Don in ƙare longitudinal dimension, tsarin bincike ta amfani da integrated equipment, removes incoming line structure, da kuma modifies busbar framework, in ƙare yawan longitudinal space. Da wannan biyu improvements, longitudinal dimension a cikin tsarin tana da 25.2 m, 13.8 m ƙarin, in ƙare yawan space da abubuwan ta yi amfani.

Analysis of Performance and Cost of Intelligent Prefabricated Substations

Idan construction na prefabricated substation ta samu, commissioning steps tana da muhimmanci don in tabbatar da devices suna amfani da tsarin bincike da in taimaka normal communication bayan devices da software. Experiment tana record da kuma analyze data kamar current, voltage values, active power, transformer temperature, da kuma power factor ga kowane switch a cikin prefabricated substation, in tabbatar da stable operation na substation equipment. Daga cikinsu, transformer temperature values a yawan lokaci tana cikin Figura 3.

Idan a duba Figura 3(a), za a iya neman cewa temperature values na phase A, phase B, da phase C tana da yawa. Temperature na phase B tana da yawa, tana da 43.6 °C a ƙarin 8:31 to 8:32; temperature na phase A tana da yawa a 42.0 - 43.2 °C; da kuma temperature na phase C tana da yawa a 42.5 °C. A cikin Figura 3(b), variation na transformer temperature values collected a ƙaramshi tana da yawa. Saboda al'amuran, overall temperature values na phase A, phase B, da phase C tana da yawa a ƙarin morning values, amma tana da yawa a cikin range na normal. A ƙarin 14:32, temperature value na phase B tana da 44.1 °C, da kuma a ƙarin ƙaramshi, temperature values na phase A da phase C tana da 42.9 °C da 42.6 °C respectively. Through the entire measurement period, the lowest temperature of phase C is 42.2 °C and the highest is 43.7 °C, while the temperature of phase A fluctuates within the range of 42.6 - 43.8 °C.

Analysis of on-site test data shows that the data of the prefabricated substation all meet the design requirements and comply with relevant acceptance standards. In terms of economic utility, based on the life-cycle cost theory, the experiment analyzes and calculates the various costs of the 110 kV distribution equipment, and selects the air-insulated switchgear scheme for comparison. The comparison results are shown in Figure 4.

In Figure 4, the upfront investment cost for the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme is 2.413 million RMB, which is 0.133 million RMB higher than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme. This is mainly because the equipment procurement cost of the hybrid GIS design scheme is higher than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme, and the installation engineering cost is also slightly higher.

During the operation and maintenance phase, the required cost proportion is relatively small. Since the substation of the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme is an unmanned substation, only a small amount of regular manual inspections are needed, which reduces the daily operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, the operation and maintenance cost is much lower than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme.

The annual failure probability of the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme has been significantly reduced, resulting in a notable decrease in maintenance costs. Moreover, its demolition cost is only 89% of that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme. Considering all factors, the present value of the life-cycle cost of the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme is 0.549 million RMB lower than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme. Additionally, the 110 kV GIS intelligent substation scheme is superior to the conventional air-insulated switchgear scheme.

Conclusion

In order to conserve urban land resources, shorten the construction period, and enhance the economic efficiency and reliability of prefabricated substations, this research proposes an outdoor hybrid GIS design scheme that integrates circuit breakers and disconnectors. By optimizing the circuit and adopting single-busbar sectional wiring, and optimizing the overall layout, the number of failures is reduced and the maintenance cost is lowered.

The test results show that during the collection of transformer temperature, the temperature values of phase A, phase B, and phase C remain relatively stable. In the morning, the temperature of phase A varies between 42.0 - 43.2 °C, while that of phase C stays around 42.5 °C. In the afternoon, the temperature of phase C ranges from a minimum of 42.2 °C to a maximum of 43.7 °C, and the temperature of phase A fluctuates between 42.6 °C and 43.8 °C. The data of the prefabricated substation meet the design requirements and comply with relevant acceptance standards.

In the life-cycle cost analysis, although the upfront investment cost of the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme is 2.413 million RMB, 0.133 million RMB higher than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme, the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme requires only a small amount of regular manual inspections. This reduces the daily operation and maintenance costs, making the operation and maintenance cost much lower than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme, and significantly reducing the maintenance cost as well. Calculations show that the present value of the life-cycle cost of the optimized hybrid GIS design scheme is 0.549 million RMB lower than that of the air-insulated switchgear scheme, demonstrating that the optimized 110 kV GIS intelligent substation scheme is superior to the conventional air-insulated switchgear scheme.

However, this research only analyzes and optimizes the primary substation design. In the future, a more comprehensive intelligent design for secondary substations needs to be carried out by comprehensively considering communication and land construction.