Mataki da aka fi sani a lokacin da aka ci gagarwa na transformer da ba da shaida ba ta hanyar switch na high voltage na AIS

Ta hanyar da High-Voltage Isolators

1. Yadda Ake Tattara High-Voltage Circuit Breakers da Earthing Switches

High-Voltage Circuit Breaker (Circuit Breaker) da Earthing Switch suna cikin abubuwan tattalin mekaniki na biyu, kila wanda ya taka muhimmanci a cikin sauran sarrafa.

• High-Voltage Circuit Breaker: Yana amfani a kan bayyana cewa yana da wuya ko bai. Ana iya koyar da tsari, kuma yana iya koyar da tsari mai yawa tun daga wurin da ke da shiga, sannan ya ci gaba da yanayin da ke da shiga a lokacin da mazauna suka fara. Ana amfani da high-voltage circuit breakers domin in ba sauran sarrafa daga nau'ukan kamar short circuits da overloads.

• Earthing Switch: Muhimmin rike ta shine koyar da wurare daga cikin wurin, kamar zabubbukan, don in ba da al'amuran da za a iya lura. Earthing switch bai da kyau a koyar da tsari, saboda haka bai iya amfani a koyar da tsari na mutum. Ana amfani da ita a kan high-voltage circuit breaker domin in ba da zan iya inganta da wurare daga cikin wurin bayan an koyar da circuit breaker, don in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura.

2. Muhimmanci na Amfani na AIS High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

A cikin Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS), high-voltage circuit breaker bai iya koyar da tsari a lokacin da ke da shiga ko bayan mazauna suka fara da yanayin da ke da shiga a kan su. Wannan na nufin cewa idan an yi amfani da circuit breaker a lokacin da ke da shiga, ana iya koyar da tsari mai haske ne. Kafin an samu rated voltage a kan mazauna, circuit breaker ana iya koyar da tsari mai haske, amma bai iya koyar da tsari mai yawa ko masu yawan mutum.

3. Muhimmin Rike na Earthing Switches

Muhimmin rike na earthing switch shine koyar da wurare daga cikin wurin, don in ba da lafiya a lokacin da ake yi ilimi ko bukata. Ana amfani da ita a kan high-voltage circuit breaker ko kuma kadan. Ta haka, earthing switch ana iya koyar da wurare daga cikin wurin, in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura, kuma in ba da lafiya a kan ilimin da za a yi baya.

Binciken Capacitive da No-Load Transformer Switching

1. Amfani na Capacitive Current Switching Capability na High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Daga cikin IEC standards, high-voltage circuit breakers bai da takardun da suka gina game da koyar da tsari mai yawa, amma saboda suke yi amfani a lokacin da ke da shiga, ana iya koyar da tsari mai haske. IEC definition of isolators (disconnectors) na nufin cewa circuit breaker (isolator) ana iya koyar da wurin ko koyar da wurin inda tsari mai haske ne, ko kuma inda yanayin da ke da shiga a kan mazauna na circuit breaker bai canza.

Saboda bai a ambaci, wannan bayanin na iya zama cewa ana nufin tsari mai haske na capacitive charging currents da loop switching (ko kuma parallel switching), wadanda a wasu amfani ana nufin bus transfer switches. IEC 62271-102 na nufin wannan da kuma ana nufin 0.5 A a matsayin "negligible" capacitive charging currents, kuma waɗannan da suka fi sani na iya haɗa da user da manufacturer.

2. Rated Bus Transfer Current

Daga cikin IEC 62271-102, rated bus transfer current na nufin:

• Don jagorin voltages 52 kV < Ur < 245 kV, bus transfer current na 80% na rated normal current na circuit breaker, amma yana ci gaba da 1600 A.

• Don jagorin voltages 245 kV &le; Ur &le; 550 kV, bus transfer current na 60% na rated normal current na circuit breaker.

• Don jagorin voltages Ur > 550 kV, bus transfer current na 80% na rated normal current na circuit breaker, amma yana ci gaba da 4000 A.

3. Amfani na No-Load Transformer Switching

A cikin yadda ake amfani, musamman a North America, ana amfani da air circuit breakers don koyar da no-load transformers. Magnetizing current na no-load transformer na haske, kafin da yake 1 A ko haske. A wannan lokacin, ana iya bayyana transformer a kan series RLC circuit (kamar yadda ake nuna a Fig. 1), kuma oscillations na underdamped, kuma amplitude factor na 1.4 ko haske per unit.

4. Loop Switching a Parallel Transmission Loops

Wasu amfani na biyu shine koyar da bus transfer zuwa koyar da parallel transmission loops, musamman inda tsari na haske saboda loop impedance mai yawa. Wannan amfani na iya koyar da tsari mai haske da kuma yanayin da ke da shiga a lokacin da ake koyar da wurin.

5. Amfani na Auxiliary Switching Devices

Wasu amfani na biyu a North America, amma na haske a wasu yankunan, shine zama da auxiliary switching devices don in koyar da tsari mai yawa. Misali, waɗannan devices na iya koyar da restrikes ko kuma zama da breaking capacity mai yawa. Amfani na auxiliary switching devices na iya zama da lafiya da kuma al'amuran sauran, musamman inda ake amfani da tsari mai yawa ko wurin mai mahimmanci.

No-Load Transformer Switching Using AIS High-Voltage Isolators

Don koyar da no-load transformer a jagorin 72.5&ndash;245 kV, ana amfani da AIS high-voltage isolators. Saboda magnetizing current na no-load transformer na haske (kafin da yake 1 A ko haske), isolators na iya koyar da wurin da lafiya. Transformer na iya bayyana a kan series RLC circuit, kuma oscillations na underdamped, kuma amplitude factor na 1.4 ko haske per unit.

A wannan lokacin, muhimmin rike na isolator shine in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura, kuma in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura. Daga cikin design da amfani daidai, AIS high-voltage isolators na iya zama da lafiya da kuma al'amuran sauran.

 Amsa daga field-switching event na iya nuna a Fig. 2.

Transient recovery voltage (TRV) a kan disconnecting switch na iya zama yanayin da ke da shiga a kan source voltage da transformer-side oscillation kamar yadda ake nuna a Fig. 3.

Koyar da Tsari: Dielectric Event

Koyar da tsari na iya zama a lokacin da gabatar da mazauna ya ci gaba da tsarin transient recovery voltage (TRV). Wannan process na iya zama dielectric event, inda insulation strength na air ko vacuum a kan mazauna ya ci gaba da applied voltage, kuma ya ci gaba da arc da koyar da tsari.

Koyar da Magnetizing Current na No-Load Transformer

Koyar da magnetizing current na no-load transformer na iya zama open-close event mai yawa, wadanda na iya zama da multiple restrikes. Kowane restrike na iya zama da surge currents, wadanda na iya ci gaba da arc duration, ci gaba da overall switching time, kuma ci gaba da wear on the arc contacts. Yawancin wannan events na iya zama da stress ga zamantakewar amfani, kuma na iya ci gaba da performance.

Don in koyar da effects, ya kamata in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura, kuma in ba da lafiya na ido da idon lura. Design da kuma selection da zamantakewar amfani, kuma amfani na auxiliary devices like surge arresters ko damping resistors, na iya koyar da restrikes, kuma in koyar da impact.