Siladaji na Tashar Yau Da Danganta (CRGO) | Batswai da Tasirin Aiki
Idan siyasa mai sauƙi da siyasa mai yawa, an yi amfani da kwalbar silicon(Si) a iron(Fe) don inganta hanyoyin magana da tsarin magana na iron. A lokacin gaba na shekara ta 19, an samu cewa amfani da silicon a iron ya inganta tsarin magana da hanyoyin magana na iron. Wannan shi ne kuma ya bari iron-silicon ko wanda muna sani a yau a matsayin electrical steel. Yadda ya ba tushen eddy current losses a steel, yaɗuwa mai kyau a kan magnetic permeability da kuma ya ci kawo magnetostriction. Tabelotun bayan yadda wasu hanyoyin magana da tsarin magana na iron sun canza saboda amfani da silicon.
N. P. Goss, babban mai faɗa waɗanda suka fada masana cold rolled grain oriented silicon steel ko CRGO steel a shekarar 1933, ya bayar cewa “Ina samu alamomi na yanayin cewa ana iya tabbatar da adadin grains da ductility na abincin da ke magana a cikin hanyoyin magana. Wannan alamomin ya nuna cewa grains masu adadin dubu da ductility mai kyau suna da magnetic permeability mai kyau”. Wannan fikirin ya ba fasahar a kasashen kasuwanci da ke yi production of high-grade steels. Daga baya, akwai wasu abubuwa na silicon-steels:
Grain Oriented Silicon Steel (GO).
Non-grain Oriented Silicon Steel (GNO).
A cikin littattafai, za a iya magana game da GO steel. Kuma za a iya magana game da cold rolled grain oriented (CRGO) silicon steel da ake amfani da ita.
Cold Rolling of Steel
Wannan an yi don kawo kashi na steel daga 0.1 mm zuwa 2 mm wanda ba zai iya samun hot rolling. A cikin wannan prosesi, a kan al'amuran kontrol, an yi amfani da hanyoyin magana mai kyau a hagu da rolling. Hagu na rolling na musamman suna nufin Goss texture (110)[001] wanda shi ne hagu da easy magnetization. Wannan za a iya nuna a cikin rubutu. Ana amfani da grain-oriented steel a cikin electrical machines mai karfi sabodamagnetic field na a plane da sheets, amma angle da ke duni a magnetic field da rolling direction yana canza. Saboda haka, ana amfani da non-grain oriented silicon steel.
Schematic representation of the (110)[001] rolling texture or Goss texture
Properties of CRGO Steel
Shi nesoft magnetic material kuma ana da wasu properties:
Magnetic permeability mai kyau.
Kawo magnetostriction.
Resistivity mai kyau.
Stacking factor mai kyau allows compact core designs.
Losses mai lili.
Grades of CRGO Steel
Babban grades na steel suna nufin M7(0.7watts /lb at 1.5T/60Hz) da M6(.6watts/lb at 1.5T/60Hz).
Duk da haka, M5 M4 and M3 grades suna faru a late sixties.
Wani abu ne a nan ake kira Hi-B wanda ya da orientation mai kyau da take fi 2 – 3 grade mai kyau da conventional CRGO steel products.
Application of CRGO Silicon Steel as Transformer Core
CRGO grade steel mainly finds applications as core material for power transformers and distribution transformers. This can be explained as below
High magnetic permeability leads to low excitation currents and lower inductions.
Low hysteresis and eddy current losses.
Excellent lamination factor leads to better and compact designs and hence low material required.
High knee saturation characteristics.
Very low level of magnetostriction leads to noise reduction.
Enhances ease of winding and improves productivity.
Future Scope of CRGO Silicon Steel
While there have been alternatives to the CRGO grades of steel such as nickel-iron, mu-metal, amorphous boron strip, superglass etc still CRGO steel is the superior choice in the transformer industry. Alloys like the amorphous metal Fe78-B13-Si9 has shown to have much lesser core losses when used as the core of distribution transformer as compared to the CRGO grade steel. An optimum constituent of silicon addition in steel can change the texture so as to achieve desirable magnetic properties when manufactured under controlled conditions.
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