Installaci da Kammala ɗaya kV na Turubukan Haushe

A cikin James, da duka shekaru na ilimi na tattalin zafi na kabilu mai hankali

Sannu daga cikin mutanen, ina ce James, da na yi aiki a tattalin zafi na kabilu masu hankali da duk shekaru 10.

A cikin shekarun da suka rasa, na yi aiki a mazauna, gurbin kabilu, da kuma makarantun kabilu, inda na shiga fitaccen tattalin zafi na kabilu. Tattalin zafi na kabilu suna cikin abubuwa mafi yawan da ake iya bincika a cikin rana.

Juma, wanda ya zama jagoranci ya neman:

“An samu tattalin zafi na kabilu mai tsarki — ina iya kafa da kafin ta? Me kwanan da za mu iya duba?”

Wani tambaya mai ma'ana, musamman wajen wadanda suka fara a wannan yanayi — ita ce babban abubuwa da ake bukata. Don haka, za a bayyana duk abubuwan da ke sa a matsayin bayani, don in iya fahimta da kuma a yi aiki da adalci.

1. Mace ne Tattalin Zafi na Kabilu?

Maa kara da takarda:
Tattalin zafi na kabilu shine tattalin zafi na kabilu mai tattalin zafi na kabilu, an yi amfani da shi a birnin aiki, hosiptal, mallu, da kuma makarantun data — inda abin da ke kusa da kabilu.

Babbar da tattalin zafi na kabilu, ba ake amfani da kabilu kan tattalin zafi na kabilu, wanda ya zama masu dalilai da ya fiye da kuma tsafta tsaye. Amma, ya fi sona da kuma tsafta tsaye — musamman da lafiya, tattalin zafi, da kuma kafin kafa.

2. Mene Ya Kafa Da Kafin Kafa

Da kafin kafa, kafin kafa shine abubuwan da za su iya duba. Ba a iya kafa da kafin kafa — duba cewa abubuwan da ake bukata su haɗa:

1. Dubawa Da Tsakiyar Kafa

• Duba idan akwai tsakiya mai tsarki;

• Tabbatar da cewa tasirin kasuwanci, littattafin, da kuma tabbacin fabrikaci su daidai;

• Duba parametars na alamar (gargajiya, kabilu, girman kafin kafa) su daidai da abubuwan da ake bukata;

• Duba idan akwai lalace, siffofin, ko kuma lafiya;

• Tabbatar da cewa windings, busbars, fans, da kuma temperature controllers su daidai.

2. Dubawa Da Tsakiyar Ingantacce

• Ingantacce da za a kafa tattalin zafi na kabilu ya kamata da tattalin zafi da kuma tattalin zafi;

• Ba a iya amfani da kabilu kan tattalin zafi na kabilu, da kuma kabilu kan tattalin zafi;

• Alamar da za a kafa tattalin zafi na kabilu ya kamata da tattalin zafi da kuma tattalin zafi;

• Idan mumkin, a yi amfani da dehumidifiers ko kuma space heaters.

3. Abubuwan Da Za Su Iya Amfani Da Suna A Kafa

• Kafin kafa, wiring diagrams, littattafin kasuwanci;

• Torque wrench, multimeter, megohmmeter, infrared thermometer;

• Ground resistance tester, insulating mat, personal protective equipment;

• Lifting tools (e.g., crane, hoist, lifting straps).

3. Manufar Da Za Su Iya Yi A Kafa

Haka manufar da na yi a kafa:

Manufar 1: Kafa Da Tattalin Zafi Na Kabilu

• Kafa tattalin zafi na kabilu a cikin foundation;

• Yi amfani da level don tabbatar da cewa an kafa shi daidai;

• Kafa mounting bolts da kuma mark them for future inspection of looseness.

Manufar 2: Wiring Da Primary Da Secondary Side

• Kafa high and low-voltage cables according to the wiring diagram;

• Use a torque wrench to tighten terminals per specifications;

• Ensure correct phase sequence to avoid reverse rotation or short circuits during power-up;

• Wrap exposed parts with heat-shrink tubing or insulating tape;

• Use a multimeter to check continuity after wiring.

Manufar 3: Kafa Da Grounding System

• The transformer enclosure and core must be reliably grounded;

• Use copper grounding wire ≥50mm²;

• At least two grounding points connected to the main grounding grid;

• Test ground resistance ≤4Ω using a ground resistance tester.

Manufar 4: Kafa Da Temperature Controller And Fan Wiring

• Insert temperature probe into designated hole and secure it;

• Pay attention to fan motor phase sequence to ensure correct airflow;

• Set alarm and trip temperatures (typically 130°C alarm, 150°C trip);

• Test fan start/stop function.

Manufar 5: Cleaning And Covering

• Clean internal dust and debris;

• Double-check all fasteners are tightened;

• Close cabinet door, label with device number, capacity, and purpose.

4. Manufar Da Za Su Iya Yi A Commissioning

Kafa ba a gama — commissioning da testing shine abubuwan da za su iya yi don tabbatar da cewa an yi aiki da kalmomi da kuma tsafta tsaye.

1. Insulation Resistance Test

• Use a 2500V megohmmeter to measure insulation between windings and ground, and phase-to-phase;

• Low-voltage side insulation ≥100MΩ, high-voltage side ≥500MΩ;

• If value is low, could be due to moisture — dry and retest;

• Record R15 and R60 values, calculate absorption ratio (R60/R15 ≥1.3).

2. DC Resistance Test

• Measure DC resistance of each winding;

• Detect open circuits, shorts, or poor connections;

• Three-phase imbalance should not exceed ±2%.

3. Voltage Ratio Test

• Verify voltage ratio matches nameplate;

• Identify turn-to-turn short circuits or incorrect wiring;

• Tolerance within ±0.5%.

4. No-Load Test

• Keep low-voltage side open, apply rated voltage on high-voltage side;

• Measure no-load current and losses;

• Determine if there's core damage or local short circuit.

5. System Integration & Trial Run

• Power up temperature controller and fan control system;

• Observe normal fan startup/shutdown;

• Run under light load for at least 2 hours;

• Use infrared thermography to monitor connection temperatures;

• Ensure no abnormal heating, noise, or vibration.

5. Abubuwan Da Za Su Iya Samu Da Kuma Kayan Aikinsu

Daga cikin ilimin da na samu, wadannan ne abubuwan da za su iya samu da kuma kayan aikinsu:

6. My Suggestions And Experience Summary

As someone with 10 years of electrical equipment repair experience, I always say:

“Installation is the first step, commissioning is critical, and maintenance ensures reliability.”

Dry-type transformers may look simple, but their performance directly affects the stability and safety of your power system.

So here are my suggestions:

Installation Tips:

Follow manufacturer instructions and technical standards strictly;

• Pay attention to details like torque, phase sequence, and grounding;

• Better to spend an extra 30 minutes checking than to face emergency repairs later.

Commissioning Tips:

• Don’t skip any test steps, especially insulation and ratio tests;

• Keep complete records for future analysis;

• Closely monitor during trial operation and address issues immediately.

Maintenance Tips:

• Regular cleaning, especially around windings and air vents;

• Check fans, temperature controllers, and terminal blocks;

• Monitor hotspots with infrared thermometers;

• Maintain equipment logs and track performance trends.

7. Final Thoughts

Installing and commissioning dry-type transformers may sound technical, but once you understand the basic steps and precautions, it becomes manageable.

Remember this key message:

“Details determine success or failure; safety comes first.”

If you're dealing with similar issues on-site and aren’t sure how to proceed, feel free to reach out — we can work through it together and find the best solution.

May every time you close the breaker bring a smooth “click” — not a sudden “bang!”

— James