Reactance ji reyên têkiliya di dîwergayê de ku hûn dikare bi elementên induktîv (inductance) an kapasîtvî (capacitance) ve çêbikin, û vê tekmîlê ênê koyê yên phase shift ya current li ser voltage. Etkiye reactance ser metering-ê ya energy yekêshên din di navbera xwe de nîşan did:
Power Factor Dibe: Di dîwergayên ku heman elementên induktîv an kapasîtvî hene, divê angle difference li ser current û voltage be. Ev ê bêde power factor (PF), ku divê herî wekî ratio of active power (kW) to apparent power (kVA) define bike. Power factor yekemîn e ku zêdetir energy pêk hatine bikar in di establishing electric or magnetic fields de, ne di performing useful work de.
Non-Utilized Energy Measurement: Hûnûma reactance jêrîn e ku berdîka energy ne di actual work (i.e., converted into useful energy) de, belkî di establishing magnetic or electric fields de. Berdîka energy ev ê wekî reactive power (Reactive Power) name bike, ku bi kVar measured derbas dide. Reactive power ne di directly convert into useful work de, lê heman transmission by the power system hewce dike.
Measurement Errors: Electromechanical meters traditional lezê measurement errors under non-pure resistive loads bibin. Ev ê çünki wan typically designed for pure resistive loads ne, û changes in phase angles under non-pure resistive conditions inaccurate readings bibin.
Accuracy of Digital Meters: Modern digital meters designed to account for non-pure resistive loads ne û can measure active power more accurately. Lê, even advanced meters proper calibration need to ensure accurate measurement in the presence of significant reactive power.
Increased Electricity Costs: Power companies often adjust billing based on the user's power factor. If a user's power factor is below a certain threshold, they may incur additional charges, as power companies need extra equipment to handle reactive power.
Reduced Return on Investment for Equipment: For industrial users, a lower power factor means inefficient utilization of power equipment (such as generators, transformers), resulting in reduced return on investment for the equipment.
To mitigate the impact of reactance on energy metering, the following measures can be taken:
Power Factor Correction: Improving the power factor through methods such as adding parallel capacitors reduces the proportion of reactive power and enhances the accuracy of energy metering.
Use Appropriate Meters: Select meters suitable for non-pure resistive loads to ensure accurate measurements.
Optimize Load Configuration: Arrange loads efficiently to minimize the generation of reactive power and improve the overall efficiency of the system.
In summary, the presence of reactance can lead to a decrease in the power factor, thereby affecting the accuracy and economics of energy metering. By taking reasonable steps to improve the power factor of the circuit, these negative effects can be effectively reduced.
