Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

General Safety Rules for EHV, HV, and MV InstallationsFor Extra High Voltage (EHV, where V≥150) kV), High Voltage (HV, with 60 kV ≤V < 150kV), and Medium Voltage (MV, having 1 kV < V < 60) kV) installations, a set of fundamental safety rules must be adhered to. These rules prioritize the physical protection of the site, carefully considering aspects such as access to equipment, as well as the basic principles governing the operation and maintenance of all electrical apparatus.Compliance

Comparison Between AC Grounding and DC Grounding: Key DifferencesAC grounding and DC grounding may both serve to establish a reference point within an electrical system, but they diverge significantly in their fundamental characteristics, circuit behavior, and operational roles. These disparities are crucial to understand for ensuring the safe, efficient, and reliable operation of electrical systems that incorporate either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power.AC Grounding Practi

Real Ground vs. Virtual Ground: Definitions and ApplicationsIn the realm of electrical engineering, the concepts of real ground and virtual ground play distinct yet essential roles. Real ground establishes a tangible physical connection between the metallic body of an electrical device and the Earth, typically achieved through an Earth Continuity Conductor (ECG), Grounding Electrode Conductor (GEC), or other equivalent means. On the other hand, virtual ground is an abstract concept primarily uti

Why is Mostly Solid Bare Conductor Used for Grounding Instead of Insulated Wire?A ground wire, also known as a grounding wire or ground conductor, as the name implies, is an electrical wire connected from the transformer and main panel (or distribution board) to the ground rod or earthing plate via an earthing lead buried in the ground or Earth. It is connected to all metallic parts that may come into contact with the human body to prevent electric shocks in case the hot (phase or line) wire acc

Why Aren't High - Voltage Wires Insulated?Overhead transmission lines are commonly left uninsulated, and this practice is grounded in several compelling rationales:Cost - EfficiencyInsulating overhead transmission lines over vast distances represents a prohibitively expensive undertaking. These lines often stretch across hundreds of miles, and covering them with conventional insulation materials would impose exorbitant financial burdens. The sheer scale of the infrastructure makes insulation not

What is Transposition in Transmission Lines?Transposition in transmission lines involves the deliberate repositioning or twisting of conductors within the line infrastructure. This method is predominantly applied in high - voltage power lines, particularly those operating at frequencies exceeding 60 Hz. The core objective of transposition is to mitigate electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) generated by the conductors. These interferences can disrupt nearby co

What is an Air Circuit Breaker (ACB)?An Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) is a specific kind of circuit breaker. It employs air as the medium for extinguishing electrical arcs. The primary function of an ACB is to safeguard electrical circuits from various issues such as overloads, short - circuits, and other fault conditions. ACBs are widely utilized in both low - voltage and high - voltage electrical systems. They are well - recognized for their dependable performance and the ease with which they can

Safety Features and Requirements for Circuit Breakers Interlocking to Prevent Unauthorized Movement: To ensure operational safety, it is imperative to prevent the movement of a circuit breaker to or from the connected position when the circuit breaker itself is in the closed state. This safeguard helps avoid potential electrical hazards and damage to the equipment. Pre - closing Conditions: Additionally, measures are in place to prevent the closing of the circuit breaker unless the primary disco

The arc chutes serve several key functions: Arc Convection - Based Motion, Elongation, and Cooling: Facilitate the movement of the arc, extend its length, and dissipate heat through convection. Arc Compression: Squeeze the arc between the insulating sidewalls, altering its physical characteristics. Gas - Assisted Arc Cooling: Cool the arc by leveraging the gassing properties of the wall materials. Arc Segmentation: Split the arc into multiple shorter, series - connected arcs using metal plates.

Resistance GroundingIn resistance grounding, the neutral of the electrical system is linked to the ground via one or multiple resistors. This grounding method serves to restrict fault currents, safeguarding the system against transient overvoltages. By doing so, it reduces the risk of arcing grounds and enables effective ground - fault protection.The resistance value employed in a neutral grounding system is critical. As illustrated in the figure below, it should be neither excessively high nor