Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

The Reciprocity Theorem is a principle in electromagnetics that relates the voltage and current at two points in a linear, passive network. It states that the ratio of the voltage at one point to the current at another point is equal to the ratio of the current at the first point to the voltage at the second point.What is the formula for the reciprocity theorem?Mathematically, the Reciprocity Theorem can be expressed as:V1/I1= V2/I2where:V1– the voltage at the first pointI1– the current at the f

The concept of electron volt is very simple. Let us start from very basic. We know the unit of power is watt.W = VI, where V is the voltage and I is the current.Now as I is current, it is nothing but rate of charge transfer. Therefore, instantaneous impression of power would beWhere, q(t) is the amount of charge transferred in time t.Now energy is expressed asWhere, q is the charge in Coulomb crosses a voltage V volts.From the expression of energy we can write the energy required or work to be d

The Compensation Theorem is a principle in electrical engineering that allows the response of a linear, two-port network to be determined based on the response of the network to a single input. It states that the response of a two-port network to any two inputs can be determined by measuring the response of the network to a single input and a zero input.The Compensation Theorem is based on the idea that the response of a linear, two-port network to any two inputs can be represented by a matrix,

What is Electrical Energy?Before explaining what electrical energy is, let us try to review the potential difference between two points in an electric field.Suppose potential difference between point A and point B in an electric is v volts.As per the definition of potential difference we can say, if one positive unit electrical charge that is a body containing one-coulomb positive charge travels from point A to point B, it will do v joules work.Now instead of one-coulomb charge if q coulomb char

In electrical engineering, the Maximum Power Transfer Theorem states that in a passive, two-port, linear network, the power transmitted to the load is maximised when the load resistance (RL)is equal to the Thevenin equivalent resistance (RTH) of the network. The Thevenin equivalent resistance of a network is the resistance seen looking into the terminals of the network with all sources of voltage removed and the terminals shorted together.The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem is based on the idea t

The ability of an element to give away its outermost electrons to form positive ions is manifested in the amount of energy supplied to its atoms sufficiently enough to take away the electrons out of them. This energy is known as Ionisation Energy. Simply speaking, the Ionisation Energy is the energy supplied to an isolated atom or molecule to knockout its most loosely bound valence shell electron to form a positive ion. Its unit is electron-volt eV or kJ/mol and is measured in an electric discha

What is Conductance?Conductance (also known as electrical conductance) is defined as the potential for a substance to conduct electricity. Conductance is the measure of how easily electrical current (i.e. flow of charge) can pass through a material. Conductance is the inverse (or reciprocal) of electrical resistance, represented as 1/R.To have a better understanding of conductance, one must recall the resistance of an object. In a qualitative sense, the resistance tells us how difficult it is fo

What is Permeance?Permeance is defined as a measure of the ease with which magnetic flux can be admitted through a material or magnetic circuit. Permeance is the reciprocal of reluctance. Permeance is directly proportional to the magnetic flux and is denoted by the letter P.From the above equation we can say that the quantity of magnetic flux for a number of ampere-turns is depended on permeance.In terms of magnetic permeability, permeance is given byWhere, = Permeability of free space (vacuum)

The Star-Delta transformation is a technique in electrical engineering that allows the impedance of a three-phase electrical circuit to be transformed from a “delta” configuration to a “star” (also known as “Y”) configuration, or vice versa. The delta configuration is a circuit in which the three phases are connected in a loop, with each phase connected to the other two phases. The star configuration is a circuit in which the three phases are connected to a common point, or “neutral” point.The S

What is Reluctance?Magnetic reluctance (also known as reluctance, magnetic resistance, or a magnetic insulator) is defined as the opposition offered by a magnetic circuit to the production of magnetic flux. It is the property of the material that opposes the creation of magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit. Reluctance of Transformer Core In an electrical circuit, the resistance opposes the flow of current in the circuit and it dissipates the electric energy. The magnetic reluctance in a magn