Mga Solusyon sa Pad-Mounted Transformer: Mas Mataas na Kahusayan sa Espasyo at Pagbabawas ng Gastos kumpara sa mga Tradisyonal na Transformer
1. Integrated Design & Protection Features ng mga American-Style Pad-Mounted Transformers
1.1 Integrated Design Architecture
Ginagamit ng mga American-style pad-mounted transformers ang isang pinagsamang disenyo na naglalaman ng pangunahing komponente - core ng transformer, windings, high-voltage load switch, fuses, at arresters - sa loob ng iisang langis tank, gamit ang insulating oil bilang insulator at coolant. Ang estruktura ay binubuo ng dalawang pangunahing bahagi:
- Front Section:High & Low Voltage Operation Compartment (may elbow plug-in connectors para sa live-front operation).
- Rear Section:Oil filling compartment at cooling fins (oil-immersed cooling system).
1.2 Dual Protection Mechanism
- Plug-in Fuses:Nagbibigay ng proteksyon laban sa fault currents sa secondary-side.
- Backup Current-Limiting Fuses:Nagbibigay ng proteksyon laban sa major primary-side faults.
- Overload Capacity:Ang orihinal na disenyo ay nagbibigay ng 2-hour sustained overload sa 200% rated load; karaniwang binabago sa domestiko upang maging 130% rated load para sa 2 hours.
1.3 Principle Differences vs. Conventional Transformers
Ang mga conventional transformer setups ay gumagamit ng hiwalay na "switchgear - transformer - distribution equipment" layouts. Ang mga American-style pad-mounted transformers ay gumagamit ng oil-immersed integration upang makamit ang 40%-60% mas malaking structural compactness.
2. Core Differences: Pad-Mounted Transformers vs. Conventional Transformers
|
Comparison Dimension |
Pad-Mounted Transformer |
Conventional Transformer (European-Style) |
Conventional Transformer (Dry-Type) |
|
Volume & Footprint |
~6 m², compact design |
8-30 m², H-shaped layout |
Moderate volume, requires special installation environment |
|
Overload Capacity |
130%-200% rated load |
110%-130% rated load |
110%-120% rated load |
|
Noise Level |
40.5-60 dB (significant low-frequency noise) |
30-40 dB (lower noise) |
Comparable to oil-immersed; more environmentally friendly |
|
Initial Investment |
RMB 400,000-410,000 / unit |
RMB 450,000-560,000 / unit |
Higher than oil-immersed (~RMB 550,000 / unit) |
|
Maintenance Cost |
Medium (requires periodic anti-corrosion work, oil changes) |
Low (lower failure rate) |
Higher (requires specialized, environmentally sensitive maintenance) |
|
Applicable Scenarios |
Space-constrained areas; renewable energy projects; temporary power supply |
High-reliability demand areas; urban core zones |
Fire/sensitive noise zones (e.g., commercial buildings) |
3. Application Benefits ng Pad-Mounted Transformers sa Typical Scenarios
3.1 Urban Grid Renovation
- Case Study:Isang Shanghai power utility na nag-deploy ng 1,103 American-style pad-mounts (49% share) sa residential communities. Ang isang primary school renovation project na may budget na RMB 640,000 ay natapos sa 15 araw.
- Noise Reduction Solution:Naipatupad ang "shell - acoustic cotton lining - shell" sound absorption structure, na naging sanhi ng pagbaba ng noise mula 60dB hanggang sa ibaba ng 40dB, compliant sa GB 3096 night-time standard.
3.2 Renewable Energy Projects (Wind Farms / Solar PV)
- Cost Efficiency:Ang 35/0.69kV wind farm step-up transformer na may cost na RMB 410,000/unit, RMB 100,000-150,000 mas mababa kaysa sa European-style units. Ang line losses ay nabawasan ng 10%-15%.
- Anti-Corrosion Process:Sa coastal areas, ginamit ang "shot blasting derusting + epoxy zinc-rich primer + polyurethane topcoat". Ang equipment sa isang Guangdong wind farm ay walang corrosion pagkatapos ng 8 buwan.
3.3 Temporary Power & Peripheral Scenarios
- Advantages:Maliit na laki (madaling transport); ang elbow connectors ay nagbibigay ng live-front operation; suitable para sa construction sites & remote areas.
- Limitations:Nangangailangan ng integration sa ring main units (RMUs) upang mapataas ang reliability ng power supply.
4. Optimal Application Scenarios & Selection Guidelines
4.1 Priority Application Scenarios
- Space-constrained areas:Old urban districts, narrow streets.
- Renewable Energy Projects:Wind farms, distributed PV grid connection points.
- Temporary Power Supply:Construction sites, temporary event venues.
- Cost-sensitive projects:Distribution network construction na may limitadong initial investment budget.
4.2 Selection Considerations
- Environmental Adaptation:Gumamit ng triple-protection coating (epoxy zinc-rich primer + polyurethane topcoat) sa high salt-spray regions. Kailangan ng enhanced cooling design sa high-altitude areas.
- Reliability Trade-off:I-prioritize ang European-style units para sa high-rise buildings at critical public facilities. Iwasan ang American-style units sa areas na may rapid load growth (capacity increase requires pad reconstruction).
- Noise Control:Gumamit ng noise-reduction enclosures o flexible connections sa urban residential zones upang mabawasan ang impact ng low-frequency noise.
