Suluhisho za Programu kwa Vifungo Viwili vya Miji katika Mitandao ya Umeme wa Miji

4yrs + staff 10000+m² US$150,000,000+ China

Kama muhimu wa mifumo ya umeme wa kisasa, maduka makubwa yanayofaa kwa majukumu ya kuboresha na kubadilisha mitandao ya miji kwa sababu za faida zao za kutengenezwa kwenye bora, ukakamili wazi, ukubwa mdogo, usalama, na ulimwengu. Kulingana na uzalishaji wa miji, maduka makubwa yanafanikiwa kutoka kwa vifaa vilivyokubalika kwa nyumba kwa vipimo vya nishati yenye akili na yenye barua kabisa. Kulingana na mapendekezo ya teknolojia mpya na utafiti wa viwango vya kutumia, suluhisho hili linapendekeza njia sahihi za kutenganisha na kutumia teknolojia yenye akili kwa maduka makubwa katika mitandao ya miji, kufikiria kuongeza ubora wa huduma za umeme, kupunguza gharama za kujitunza, na kuendeleza maendeleo yenye ukosefu wa carboni.

1. Tathmini ya Vigezo vya Teknolojia na Faida za Maduka Makubwa

1.1 Mazingira ya Kujenga
Inatumia ujenzi wenye kibinafsi na kijenzi, kujenga vifaa vya kuvuta umeme, transformers, na vifaa vya kuteleka umeme ndani ya chombo moja, kufikia mfano wa "kutengeneza + kukabiliana". Kulingana na General Technical Specifications for Compact Substations (Maelezo ya Teknolojia ya Kiwango cha Maduka Makubwa) ya mwaka 2025, kiwango cha kuaminika ni ≥IP55, inaweza kudumu kwenye mazingira magumu kama vile mistari ya chumvi.

1.2 Sita ya Faida Muhimu

Muda Mfupi wa Kutengeneza:Ukakamilisha kutoka kwa kuanzisha unatumia siku 5-8, kuchanganya gharama kwa asilimia 40%-50% kulingana na maduka makubwa vyavyo.
Kusaidia Ukuaji:Maduka makubwa ya 4000kVA inaweza kudumu ≤300 m², tu sehemu ya kumi ya maduka makubwa vyavyo.
Ulimwengu Mkubwa:Ujenzi wenye kibinafsi na usalama, hakuna sehemu za umeme zinazokuwa zinazotegemea, kufikia "zero electric shock accidents".
Ulimwengu Mkubwa:Inasaidia funguo nyingi (Telemetry, Teleindication, Telecontrol, Teleregulation), kufikia matarajio ya kutumia bila watu.
Kuratibu Inapatikana:Ujenzi wa kijenzi unaonekana kwenye viwango mbalimbali vya mitandao ya miji.
Kurudi Haraka:Vifaa vya kihesabu vinaweza kurudi haraka, kupunguza muda wa kutolewa.

1.3 Aina za Ujenzi wa Teknolojia

Aina	Uwezo wa Kutenganisha	Fanafanana Muhimu	Mlinganyo wa Upepo
European Compact Substation	"In-line" Compartments Wengine	Kitanda cha umeme mkubwa, transformer, na kitanda cha umeme ndogo kwenye eneo la kuzunguka. Chaguo rahisi la kitanda, lakini huenda kufikia upembeni wa kutosha; ukubwa mkubwa.	Chanzo (Kubwa)
American Compact Substation	"Combined" Integrated	Switch ya juu, fuses, na transformer imetenganishwa kwenye tundu. Ukubwa ndogo. Hata hivyo, fuses zenye mafuta huenda kufikia upembeni wa kutosha; hutumai kutoa; hakuna usalama wa kutosha.	1/5 - 1/3 ya aina ya European
Domestic Compact Substation	"Improved In-line" Compartments Wengine	Kitanda cha umeme mkubwa, transformer, na kitanda cha umeme ndogo kwenye eneo la kuzunguka. Imetambuliwa usalama na usalama: 1. Usalama: Uhusiano wa kinyume kati ya switch na main switch huaminika kwa kutumia. 2. Fuses: Single fuse triggers three-phase trip + lockout to prevent phase-loss operation. 3. Usalama: Automatic oil temperature protection, remote "Four Tele" functions. 4. Protection: Double-layer roof insulation + Aluzinc-coated steel plate anti-corrosion, lifespan ≥20 years.	1/3 - 1/2 ya aina ya European

2. Viwango vya Kutumia na Mapendekezo ya Kutenganisha kwa Mitandao ya Miji

2.1 Viwango vya Nyumba

Ushindi:Kituo cha nyumba (24,000 m², 398 households), transformer capacity 630kVA.
Mapendekezo:

Aina:500-1000kVA, IP55 protection.
Landscape Design:Enclosure with advertising lightbox panels, rooftop PV installation.
Reactive Power Compensation:Configured at 40%-50% of capacity, 10-loop automatic compensation device.
Low-Voltage Outgoing Lines:15-25 loops (including 1-3 spares).

2.2 Viwango vya Kituo cha Biashara

Ushindi:Kituo cha biashara (109,000 m² complex), using eco-friendly gas-insulated ring main unit (RMU).
Mapendekezo:

Capacity:1250-2000kVA, ring-main type connection.
Intelligent Monitoring:5G network slicing + SM4/SM2 encryption, supports AI equipment status analysis.
Reactive Power Compensation:Configured at 50%-60% of capacity, 20-30 loop power supply system.

2.3 Viwango vya Kituo cha Utalii

Ushindi:Parking lot charging station, using 1250kVA ring-main type compact substation.
Mapendekezo:

Capacity:800-2000kVA.
Energy Storage Integration:15%-20% of main transformer capacity, recommended 6.25MWh liquid-cooled energy storage system.
Protection Requirements:Enclosure equipped with lifting mechanism to ensure no deformation during transport/installation.

2.4 Comparison of Key Parameters Across Three Scenarios

Viwango	Capacity Range	Connection Type	Reactive Power Compensation Ratio	Special Configurations
Residential Area	500-1000kVA	Terminal Type	40%-50%	Landscape integration, PV self-supply
Commercial Center	1250-2000kVA	Ring-Main Type	50%-60%	5G network slicing, multi-loop supply
Industrial Park	800-2000kVA	Ring-Main Type	40%-60%	Energy storage integration, liquid cooling

3. Economic Benefit Analysis

3.1 Investment Cost Savings:

Example: 35kV single-transformer substation, 4000kVA scale:
Compact substation saves over 1 million yuan compared to conventional substation;
Saves approximately 2700 square meters of land area.

3.2 Operation & Maintenance Cost Reduction:

Adoption of advanced technologies like oil-free equipment enables condition-based maintenance, saving approx. 100,000 yuan annually in O&M costs.

3.3 Integrated Solution Economics (2025 Trend):

Falling energy storage technology costs (system cost ≤0.6 yuan / Wh):
"PV + Compact Substation + Energy Storage" solution can shorten the investment payback period to within 8 years.

Key Data Table

Item	Compact Substation Advantage
35kV/4000kVA Investment	Saves over 1 million yuan
Land Area Occupied	Saves approx. 2700 m²
Annual O&M Cost	Saves approx. 100,000 yuan
Integrated Solution Payback Period	≤8 years (with energy storage & subsidies)

4. Compact Substation Implementation Scenarios

4.1 Priority in New Construction:

Prioritize the use of compact substations in new residential complexes, commercial centers, and industrial parks, leveraging their small footprint and easy installation advantages.

4.2 Urban Grid Renovation and Replacement: