Solusi Pemutus Luar Biasa Tegangan Tinggi untuk Proyek PV Terdistribusi dan Penyimpanan di Vietnam
1. Gwamnatin na Tashar
Tushen tattalin arziki (PV) da tushen tattalin energy a Wiyetna da Kudancin Asia suna gane da karkashin yadda, amma suna da abubuwa masu harsuna:
1.1 Gwamnatin Grid:
- Grid na Wiyetna yana samun yawa mai karfi (wanda ya fi shi a arewa). A shekarar 2023, abubuwan coal power sun haifar da kwallon blackouts masu yawan kasa, wanda ya haifar da lalace da dollar 5 million.
- Tushen PV na farko ba su da kyauka a kan isole tsakaninsa, wanda ya haifar da damar zafi da abubuwan hankali a lokacin gwamnatun grid. Wannan ya nuna muhimmancin kafofin High voltage Disconnect Switch da ke dace.
1.2 Tsari da Kyauka na Hukuma:
- Tsarin da aka fara a Wiyetna na 2024 sun ce tushen tattalin energy su da kyauka su a bincike EVN (Vietnam Electricity Group) na 72-hour islanding operation test da kuma da kyaukan high-voltage ride-through (HVRT).
- Kwakwalwa masu high-voltage a kafin DC su ne masu cuta; arc faults (da mutanen faduwar da ke 1000°C) zai iya haifar da tasiri. High voltage Disconnect Switch da ke dace yana bukata don kawo hankali a kan wasu risks a kafin DC.
1.3 Muhimmancin Yadda Da Take:
- Ayoyinta mai yawa da ruwa (yawan ruwa na shekarar 80%) yana haifar da damar zafi, wanda ya bukata kafofin disconnecting switches da ke dace a kan anti-corrosion da moisture-proof. High voltage Disconnect Switch yana bukata su da cikakken yadda da take.
2. Kafofin: Intelligent High-Voltage Disconnecting Switch System
2.1 Design na Teknologi na Muhimmiyar
- Three-Position High voltage Disconnect Switch (Open-Closed-Grounded):
Yana amfani da double-break rotary structure, rated voltage ≥15kV, rated current 6300A (forced air-cooling design), wanda ya kula tushen tattalin arziki masu yawan kasa.
Arc Extinguishing Optimization:Yana da built-in magnetic blowout arc extinguishing devices, DC arc breaking time ≤20ms, wanda ya kula damar zafi da abubuwan hankali a lokacin arc faults. Wannan rapid arc extinction yana bukata kafofin High voltage Disconnect Switch.
- Muhimmancin Yadda Da Take:
Enclosure yana da IP65 protection rating; core components su ne silver-plated don kawo hankali a kan salt spray corrosion (compliant with IEC 60068-2-52 standard). Wasu protections yana bukata High voltage Disconnect Switch su da cikakken yadda da take.
Thermal Design:An hada aluminum alloy heat sinks, temperature rise controlled at ≤40K (in 40°C ambient). Effective thermal management yana bukata High voltage Disconnect Switch a kafin tropical.
2.2 Intelligent Monitoring and Protection System
- Integrated Sensor Module:
Real-time monitoring of contact temperature, arc signals, and insulation status; data synchronized to local SCADA and cloud platforms (e.g., Hoymiles S-miles Cloud) within milliseconds. Continuous monitoring enhances the safety profile of the High voltage Disconnect Switch.
- Protection Logic Coordination:
Collaboration with Circuit Breakers:Automatically opens within 10 seconds upon detecting grid voltage drop to 20% UN (meeting Vietnam's low-voltage lockout requirement).
Cooperation with AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter) System:Cuts off the fault circuit within 0.5 seconds. This fast protection logic integrates seamlessly with the High voltage Disconnect Switch.
2.3 Localized Adaptation Improvements
- Grid Compliance:
Supports EVN-required islanding test mode, simulating seamless switch to energy storage supply after grid interruption. The High voltage Disconnect Switch is integral to passing this critical test.
Pre-installed sealing wire interfaces to meet Vietnam's mandatory metering room sealing requirements.
- Maintenance Convenience:
Contact lifespan ≥10,000 operations; maintenance cycle extended to 5 years, reducing O&M costs in tropical regions. The durability of the High voltage Disconnect Switch significantly lowers lifetime costs.
3. Achieved Results
3.1 Enhanced Safety and Reliability
- Achieves off-grid switching within 10ms during grid faults (exceeding Vietnam's 50ms standard), ensuring continuous operation of critical loads (e.g., factory production lines). This rapid isolation is enabled by the High voltage Disconnect Switch.
- After deployment in a 2024 Hanoi villa project, DC-side fire risk decreased by 90%, and electric shock incidents were eliminated.
3.2 Economic Benefits and Compliance
- Reduced Penalty Risk:Meets carbon emission requirements of the "Green Industry Act," avoiding annual revenue fines of 3%.
- Shortened Payback Period:Due to reduced maintenance costs (down 30%) and decreased downtime losses, IRR increased by 2-3 percentage points.
3.3 Strengthened Grid Support Capability
Passed dynamic curtailment clause testing: Supports power regulation of up to 30% installed capacity under EVN's flexible dispatch (when grid load <75%), enabling power plants to participate in the Frequency Regulation Market (FRP). The High voltage Disconnect Switch contributes to this grid support functionality.
