Gwargwadun Fushi na Gwakwa mai Yawan Kirki da Kafuwar Kirki don Tushen IEE-Business
I. Kwaakarai na Muhimmanci Masu Tattalin Arziki
1.1 Kwaakarai
A cikin zama-zamanin da ke faruwar da kuma yawan aiki masu tattalin arziki, an yi abubuwan da suka fi kyau wajen gaba abubuwan da suke magance waɗannan alamar tattalin arziki. Abubuwan da aka fi sani sun haɗa da superconducting fault current limiters (SFCL), hybrid current-limiting circuit breakers, da hybrid current-limiting fuses. Daga cikinsu, hybrid current-limiting fuses ta shafi da a kan darajar da ake da ita saboda hanyar da ake yi, ƙarfi, da kuma yawan aiki.
Amma, teknologiyan da ake da su biyu masu kwalba:
• Electronically Controlled Type: Yana neman kompunan da suka damar da kuma jirgin kwamfuta, wanda yake iya haɓaka ko ci gaba saboda ci gaba ta kompunan ko ƙaramin jirgin kwamfuta. Ingantaccen da ake iya amfani da shi ya ƙara da al'adun gargajiya.
• Arc-Triggered Type: Idan an yi labari game da yadda ake tsara, ƙarfi, mai kyau, da kuma ƙarshen adadin rashi, amma yadda ake gano (typical ≤600A) da kuma ƙarshen adadin rashi (typical ≤25kA) ana kadan, wanda yake iya haɓaka wajen sanar da muhimmancin da ake buƙata a cikin ayyukan da ke da aiki masu tattalin arziki da ma'ana (misali, ayyukan masu tattalin arziki, kimiyar gwamnati, data centers).
1.2 Muhimmanci Masu Tattalin Arziki
Ingantaccen da ake iya amfani da arc-triggered fuses ta shafi da yanayi masu tattalin arziki: yanayin da ake iya amfani da wannan da kuma yawan aiki. Don in yi aiki da takam (low pre-arcing I²t value), yana bukatar da tsakiyar fuse element constriction da yake kadan. Amma, don in yi karshen adadin rashi, yana bukatar da tsakiyar fuse element constriction da yake ƙarƙashin. In yi tsakiyar da yake ƙarƙashin yana ba da sakamakon pre-arcing I²t value, wanda yake iya haɓaka wajen yi aiki da takam a lokacin da tattalin arziki. Wannan sakamakon yana ba da shi ƙarin tattalin arziki, wanda yake iya haɓaka wajen ci gaba.
II. Bincike: Hanyoyi Masu Tattalin Arziki da Kudin Farko
2.1 Addinin Aiki
Binciken da aka bayar ta yi amfani da arc trigger wanda yake da muhimmanci masu tattalin arziki. Tsawonsa ta shafi da duhu da dukun kofin kasa, silver fuse element (da tsakiyar constriction da aka gina), filler material, da kuma enclosure. Yanayin da ake iya amfani da shi shi ne:
- Arcing: A lokacin da tattalin arziki ya faru, tsakiyar fuse element constriction ya ci gaba da yake kadan da kuma ya faruwa arc, wanda yake iya faruwa initial arc voltage.
- Triggering: Arc voltage ya faruwa explosive interrupter (electric detonator) da ake gina parallel-connected.
- Current Commutation: Interrupter ya faruwa, wanda yake iya faruwa high-resistance path, wanda yake iya faɗa tattalin arziki a cikin arc-extinguishing fuse branch da ake gina parallel.
- Breaking: Arc-extinguishing fuse ya faruwa arc, wanda yake iya faruwa extremely high arc voltage wanda yake iya faɗa tattalin arziki a cikin zero, wanda yake iya faruwa rapid current-limiting interruption.
2.2 Kudin Farko: Kudin Constriction Current Density Da Yake Ƙarƙashin
Trigger current value (I₁) shine muhimman parametar wanda yake iya amfani da shi wajen sanar da breaking success, wanda yake iya zaune a cikin optimal range of 8-15kA. Don arc-triggered designs, rated current yana da nasarar da trigger current.
Kudin farko da binciken da aka bayar shine a yi ƙarƙashin da constriction current density. Ta hanyar tushen addini:
• Trigger current value I₁ ∝ (pre-arcing I²t * di/dt)^(1/3)
• Pre-arcing I²t value ∝ (constriction cross-sectional area (S))²
Natijin: A cikin yadda ake gano da rated current da kuma tattalin arziki, constriction current density da yake ƙarƙashin yana bukatar da tsakiyar constriction cross-sectional area (S) da yake kadan, wanda yake iya ƙara da pre-arcing I²t value. Wannan yana iya amfani da shi wajen yi aiki da takam a lokacin da tattalin arziki da yake ƙarƙashin, wanda yake iya sanar da breaking da yake da ƙarfi. Matukar da binciken da aka bayar shine a yi ƙarƙashin da metric daga level da aka samu ~1000 A/mm² zuwa over 3000 A/mm².
2.3 Kudin Tsawo da Tabbacin Tushen
• Tushen Tool: ANSYS 11.0 software ta amfani da shi wajen yi modeling parametric based on APDL language, wanda yake iya sanar da tushen precise calculation of fuse element resistance and simulation of the pre-arcing process.
• Fuse Element Structure Selection: Circular hole design ta fito da rectangular hole structure. Wannan tsawo yana iya sanar da share da yake da current-carrying a cikin non-constriction regions, wanda yake iya sanar da lower resistance and higher current-carrying capacity a cikin volume da take da shi, wanda yake iya sanar da yanayin da ake iya amfani da shi wajen sanar da current-carrying capacity da kuma speed.
• Parameter Optimization: Key parameters such as constriction width (b), hole width (c), spacing (d), and thickness (h) ta yi amfani da shi wajen yi tushen multi-dimensional simulations. An samu optimal solution for minimized resistance while ensuring manufacturing feasibility (e.g., avoiding element breakage or deformation).
Result of Optimization: Final design ta samu fuse element resistance of 15.2 μΩ and constriction cross-sectional area of 0.6 mm², wanda yake iya sanar da requirements for a 40 kA breaking capacity.
III. Tabbacin Aiki da Natijin Test
3.1 Test of Temperature Rise
• Test Conditions: Applied 2000 A AC current for stable continuous operation.
• Test Results:
o The measured cold resistance was 15.0 μΩ, highly consistent with the simulation value (15.2 μΩ), validating the model's accuracy.
o Temperature rises at key parts met standards (85 K at the constriction, approximately 47 K at the terminals).
o The current-carrying capacity confirmed a rated current of 2000 A. The calculated constriction current density reached 3300 A/mm², far exceeding similar domestic and international products.
3.2 Short-Circuit Trigger Test
• Test Conditions: A simulated circuit was set up to generate a prospective symmetrical short-circuit current of 40 kA.
• Test Results:
o The measured trigger current value was 15.1 kA, highly consistent with the simulated predicted value (15 kA) and within the optimal range of 8-15 kA.
o The generated arc voltage reached 50 V, sufficient to reliably ignite the electric detonator within microseconds, demonstrating its rapid and reliable operation.
IV. Kasarwa da Al'amuran
Binciken da aka bayar ta yi amfani da high-performance arc-triggered fuse. Core conclusions and advantages shine:
- Fundamental Breakthrough: Through innovative rectangular hole fuse element design and parameter optimization, the inherent contradiction between current-carrying capacity and operating speed in arc triggers was resolved. The constriction current density was elevated to an industry-leading level of 3300 A/mm².
- High Performance Indicators: The product is suitable for 10 kV voltage levels, achieving a rated current of 2000 A and a breaking capacity of 40 kA, meeting the needs of high-voltage and high-current industrial applications.
- High Reliability: The purely mechanical arc-triggering mechanism is passive and requires no control, eliminating dependence on electronic components and external power supplies. It offers strong anti-interference capability and reliable operation.
- Verifiable Technology: The ANSYS-based simulation model showed high consistency with measured results, providing an efficient and reliable tool and methodology for product design and optimization.
