Solusi Optimisasi Ekonomi Transformator Fotovoltaik: Jalur Utama untuk Pengurangan Biaya dan Peningkatan Efisiensi

Ⅰ. Aminin Yadda Kasuwanci
A cikin ƙasar gida tsohon zafi, masu kawo ƙarfin sanyi (a cikin 'yan wasu PV transformers') suna da ƙarfin 8%–12% daga jumla na'ura na ƙarfi, amma saukin su suna da miliyan 15% daga jumla na'ura na ƙarfi. Amma hakan ya shafi ƙarin bayanai, musamman tsari na zaman lafiya (LCC), wanda yake iya haɗa da kasuwanci mai ba da shirya.

Ⅱ. Manyan Abubuwa na Tattalin Arzikin

1. Kyakkyawan Adadin Da Duka
   • Kyakkyawan adadin da duka a kan muhimman abubuwan da ake fitowa daga tare; abubuwan da ake fitowa daga gwamnatin mutanen Hausa ba su fiye ba.
2. Kyakkyawan Saukin Da Duka/Ma Duka
   • Kyakkyawan arziki a shekarar da duka daga sabbin da suka yi daidai a kan muhimman abubuwan da ba su fiye ba za su iya haɗa da 0.5%–1.2% daga jumla na'ura na ƙarfi.
3. Kyakkyawan Adadin Da Duka Don Kiyaye
   • Yanayin da duka don kiyaye ya shafi yanayin da duka da kyautar da duka, kuma adadin da duka don kiyaye ya duba a wuraren da ke da damar.
4. Yadda Ba Da Kyakkyawa Ba
   • Tsara da ingantaccen ƙarfi ya shafi ƙarfin da duka da kyautar da duka da kyakkyawan adadin da duka.

Ⅲ. Hanyoyin Tattalin Arzikin

1. Tattalin Adadin Da Duka: Haɗa Da Ingantaccen Ƙarfi
   • Modelin Tsarin Ƙarfi
   Yana amfani da bayanan ilimin lafiya + tsari na DC-to-AC (karkashin 1.1–1.3) don kula ƙarfin da suka da kyau (tambayar 75%–85%).
   Misali: Wanda ya fara ƙarfin 100MW ya fara muhimman abubuwan da ake fitowa daga 160MVA zuwa 120MVA, wanda ya haɗa da adadin da duka da ¥2.2M amma ta da kyakkyawan adadin da duka.
   • Tsari na Zama Ta Farko
   Amfani da 35kV (kafin 33kV) don zama ta farko ya haɗa da adadin da duka da kyautar da duka 7%–10%.
2. Tattalin Kyakkyawan Adadin Da Duka: Ƙarfin Tsarin Arzikin Na Zaman Lafiya
   • Abubuwan Da Ba Su Fiye Ba
   Abubuwan da ba su fiye ba suka haɗa da kyakkyawan adadin da duka da 60%–80%. Amma hakan ya shafi ƙarin bayanai, ROI ya samu a shekarun 3–5 (kula da ¥0.4/kWh).
   • Tsarin Ƙarfi Mai Tsari
   On-load tap changers (OLTC) suke amfani da ƙarfin da duka a lokacin da ba da lafiya, wanda yake haɗa da kyakkyawan adadin da duka da 40%.
3. Tsarin Masu Ƙarfi Da Standardization
   • Substitution of Domestic Core Components
   Amfani da nanocrystalline strips da ake fitowa daga gwamnati (30% da duka da Hitachi Metals) da epoxy resin casting systems.
   • Modular Design
   Prefab smart PV substations (integrated transformers, ring main units, monitoring systems) cut on-site installation costs by 20% and shorten timelines by 15 days.
4. Smart O&M System: Reducing Hidden Costs
   • IoT Monitoring Terminals
   Real-time tracking of oil temperature, partial discharge, and core grounding currents optimizes maintenance cycles, reducing unexpected downtime.
   Data: Smart diagnostics increase MTBF to 12 years and lower O&M costs by 35%.
   • Grid Demand Response Participation
   Adjusting transformer taps for voltage support generates grid ancillary service revenue (¥30–80/MW·event).
5. Financial Leverage Applications
   • Green Finance Instruments
   Utilize low-cost green loans (10%–15% below benchmark rates) for efficient equipment procurement.
   • Energy Performance Contracting (EPC)
   Suppliers guarantee efficiency thresholds, compensating for electricity cost gaps if unmet.

Ⅳ. Economic Quantification (100MW Plant Case)