Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

What is an SWR Meter?A standing wave ratio meter – also known as an SWR meter, ISWR meter (current “I” SWR), or VSWR meter (voltage SWR) – is defined as a device that measures the standing wave ratio (SWR) in a transmission line. The SWR meter indirectly measures the degree of mismatch between a transmission line and its load (usually an antenna). This is helpful to know the effectiveness of the impedance matching performed by technicians.SWR meter helps to determine how much of radiofrequency e

What is a Current Divider?A current divider is defined as a linear circuit that produces an output current that is a fraction of its input current. This is achieved through the connection of two or more circuit elements connected in parallel, the current in each branch will always divide in such a way that the total energy expended in a circuit is minimum.In other words, in a parallel circuit, the supply current splits into a number of parallel paths. It is also known as the “current divider rul

What is Voltage?Voltage (also known as electric potential difference, electromotive force emf, electric pressure, or electric tension) is defined as the electric potential difference per unit charge between two points in an electric field. Voltage is expressed mathematically (i.e. in formulas) using the symbol “V” or “E”.If you’re looking for a more intuitive explanation to help explain what voltage is, skip to this section of the article.Otherwise, we’ll continue below with a more formal defini

What is meant byElectronic Ballast?An electronic ballast, also referred to as an electrical ballast, is a component of equipment that controls the starting voltage & currents of the lighting fixtures.This is accomplished by the use of the electrical gas discharge technique. To start the gas discharge method in fluorescent lamps, an electronic ballast converts the power frequency to a very high frequency by managing the voltage across the bulb and current through the lamp.Block Diagram of Ele

What is Electric Current?Electric current is defined as a stream of charged particles—such as electrons or ions—moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is the flow rate of electric charge through a conducting medium with respect to time. Electric current is expressed mathematically (e.g. in formulas) using the symbol “I” or “i”. The unit for current is is ampere or amp. This is represented by A.Mathematically, the flow rate of charge with respect to time can be expressed as,In other

Moore’s Law is a prediction made by Gordon Moore, co-founder of the technology company Intel, in 1965 that the number of transistors on a microchip would double approximately every two years. This prediction has proven to be remarkably accurate, and has served as a driving force in the rapid development of the technology industry for more than 50 years. Moore’s Law is based on the idea that the number of transistors that can be placed on a microchip will increase exponentially over time, as the

What is RMS Voltage?The word RMS stands for Root Mean Square. An RMS voltage is defined as the square root of the mean square of instantaneous values of the voltage signal. The RMS is also known as the quadratic mean. RMS voltage can also be defined for a continuously varying voltage in terms of an integral of the squares of the instantaneous values during a cycle.The RMS value is most important in the case of an AC signal. Because the instantaneous value of an AC signal varies continuously with

The Seebeck effect is a phenomenon in which a voltage is generated between the ends of a conductor when the temperature at one end is different from the temperature at the other end. It is named after the German physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck, who first described it in the early 19th century.Define The Seebeck effect?The Seebeck effect is based on the fact that the movement of charge carriers, such as electrons, in a conductor generates heat. When a temperature difference is applied across a co

What is Ohm’s Law?Ohm’s law states that the electrical current flowing through any conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (voltage) between its ends, assuming the physical conditions of the conductor do not change.In other words, the ratio of potential difference between any two points of a conductor to the current flowing between them is constant, provided the physical conditions (e.g., temperature etc.) do not change.Mathematically, Ohm’s law can be expressed as,Introdu

The mechanical equivalent of heat is the amount of mechanical work required to produce a given amount of heat. It is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics that relates the two physical quantities of heat and work.The concept of the mechanical equivalent of heat was first proposed by the French scientist Sadi Carnot in the early 19th century, and was later refined by James Joule and other scientists. It states that a given amount of heat can be converted into an equivalent amount of mechanica