Sabon Kwalba na Inbata mai Sauta Masu Yawan Kirkiro a Makarantun Noma

1 Tana da Karkashin da Turanci da Yanayin Haɗa

1.1 Tana da Karkashin Modulen

• Modulen da Zan Iya: Wannan modulen yana zama kwaƙe ta aiki a kan haɗuwar AC mai tsawo zuwa DC. Yankin da take iya zama kwaƙe tana da thyristors, diodes ko wasu abubuwa masu semiconductors don in samar da zan iya. A cikin haka, domin yanayin kontrola, za a iya zama kwaƙe tsari da kuma kula da koyarwa a cikin wurare na musamman.

• Modulen da Tsara DC: Haɗuwar DC da aka zama kwaƙe tana zama da tsarin da ya fi tsara tsari, wanda ya ba da tsari mai tsawo da bus voltage. Wannan tsari tana ba da takarda a kan al'adun da ke gaba da kuma yana da muhimmanci a kan samar da tsari da koyarwa.

• Modulen da Zan Iya: Haɗuwar DC da aka tsara tana zama kwaƙe zuwa haɗuwar AC a cikin modulen da zan iya, tare da amfani da abubuwa masu semiconductors kamar IGBTs da pulse width modulation (PWM). Idan an yi amfani da PWM signal, za a iya zama kwaƙe tsari da koyarwa ta haɗuwar AC da aka fara, tare da kula da talabubukan da suka da shi kamar motors, fans da pumps. Amfani da wannan teknologi yana ba da shi aiki kamar soft start, stepless speed control, tsari mai kyau, da kuma kula da koyarwa.

1.2 Yanayin Haɗa

Haɗuwar AC mai tsawo sun amfani da topology da level din da suka kisa, wanda ya ba da tsari mai kyau da kuma yana da yawan harmonics da dama. Sun zama kwaƙe haɗuwar AC mai tsawo don motor. Wannan yana ba da shi muhimmanci saboda ba a tabbas da filtar ko transformer da ke gaba. Tsari da ya fi sanya nuna:

Idan: $P$ ita ce babban pairs na motor; $f$ ita ce frequency na motor; $s$ ita ce slip ratio. Saboda slip ratio ana da yawa da kuma yana da yawan daidai (kafin da ita ce 0-0.05), idan an yi amfani da frequency na motor, za a iya zama kwaƙe tsari da koyarwa ta motor. Slip ratio tana da nasarar da load, idan load ya fi tsayi, slip ratio tana fi tsayi, da kuma tsari da koyarwa ta motor tana dole.

1.3 Muhimman Abubuwan da Za Su Duk

• Tsari Mai Tsawo: Za a bincika karkashin da za su da shi a cikin "High-High" ko "High-Low-High" saboda rated voltage na motor. Don motors da power da yake da 1,000 kW, "High-High" tana da muhimmanci. Don motors da power da yake da 500 kW, "High-Low-High" tana da muhimmanci.

• Kula da Harmonics: Harmonics suna da yawan daidai a input da output terminals na haɗuwar AC mai tsawo. Don in kula da wannan, za a amfani da multiplexing techniques ko filters. Idan an yi amfani da filters, za a iya zama kwaƙe harmonic distortion zuwa 5%, don in kula da harmonics da dama.

• Yanayin Tsarin: Haɗuwar AC mai tsawo suna buƙata air-cooling ko water-cooling systems don in kula da temperature na cabinet zuwa 40°C. Dehumidifiers da air conditioning units suna da shi a cikin inverter sites. A wurare da ba da air conditioning, za a duba component ratings, da kuma za a yi amfani da cooling systems da yawan ventilation da dama don in kula da stable operation.

2 Misalai na Amfani da Haɗuwar AC mai Tsawo a Power Plants

Power system na power plant tana da equipment daga turbine generators, boilers, water treatment, coal conveying, da desulfurization systems. Turbine section tana ba da shi feedwater pumps da circulating water pumps, boiler section tana ba da shi forced draft fans (primary fans), secondary fans, da induced draft fans, coal conveying section tana ba da shi belt conveyors. Idan an yi amfani da haɗuwar AC mai tsawo don variable-speed control na wannan devices, za a iya kula da energy consumption, auxiliary power consumption, da kuma operational economy.

A nickel-iron production project a Morowali, Indonesia, a Sumatra Island, an fito eight 135 MW generator units bayan 2019 zuwa 2023. Don in kula da internal operations da kuma kula da production costs, an yi technical retrofits don installation of high-voltage inverters bayan 2023 zuwa 2024 don condensate pumps na Units 1, 2, 3, 4, da 7, da kuma feedwater pumps na Units 2 da 5.

2.1 Yanayin Equipment

Wannan project tana amfani da pyrometallurgical nickel-iron process da 25 production lines, da eight Dongfang Electric DG440/13.8-II1 circulating fluidized bed boilers da eight 135 MW intermediate reheat condensing steam turbine generator sets. Har unit tana da two fixed-frequency condensate pumps, two hydraulic coupler-regulated pumps, da six hydraulic coupler-regulated fans.

Feedwater pumps da fans suna da redundancy, da 10%-20% backup capacity. Units 5 da 6 suna yi aiki a island mode da load rate da yake da 70%. Idan an yi amfani da speed optimization don actual load demands da kuma regenerative braking energy feedback to the grid, za a iya kula da unnecessary energy consumption da fans, pumps, da wasu equipment, da kuma kula da system energy losses.

2.2 Retrofit Scheme

Saboda yanayin equipment, an yi high-voltage inverter retrofits don feedwater da condensate pumps na 135 MW generator sets.

• Feedwater Pump Retrofit: An yi amfani da "Automatic One-to-One" configuration, har feedwater pump tana da inverter da kuma bypass cabinet don in kula da reliability.

• Condensate Pump Retrofit: An yi amfani da "One-to-Two" configuration, har biyu condensate pumps tana da inverter, da kula da efficiency da cost-effectiveness.

Saboda historical maximum temperature range da 23-32°C, components suna da shi a 40°C ambient temperature. Da kuma, inverter cabinet exhaust design tana da shi a 40°C room temperature don in kula da heat dissipation, da kuma ba a tabbas da dedicated inverter room ko air conditioning systems.

2.3 Economic Benefit Evaluation

Total investment na wannan retrofit project tana da shi approximately 6 million RMB, including 5 million RMB for equipment, 400,000 RMB for construction, da 600,000 RMB for auxiliary materials provided by the client. Calculations show an annual energy-saving benefit of 6.58 million RMB, allowing the investment to be recovered in less than one year, successfully achieving the expected economic goals.

3 Conclusion

Saboda rarrabe na high-voltage inverter technology, amfani da shi tana da yawan daidai a wasu industries. A power plant production systems, za a yi amfani da high-voltage inverter technology. Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a units da suke da shi aiki a lokacin da yawan daidai ko a units da suke da shi upgrade, saboda wannan tana da shi economic value da kuma strategic importance.