Aikin Yadda Reclosers da Sectionalizers Su Gargajiya Masana'antuwar Karamin Kirkiro

1. Zabi na Reclosers da Sectionalizers

Zabi na reclosers da sectionalizers yana da muhimmanci wajen samun automasiya a jikin kungiyar kashi. Sectionalizers sun taimaka da circuit breakers na mafi girma a kofin abinci. Suna faɗa ta hanyar zama ne a lokacin da suka shafi hanyoyi uku: amfani na gida ya kai fiye, amfani na tsari mai kadan ya kai 300 mA, da kuma adadin da aka rarrabe ya shiga. Reclosers sun yi aiki a cikin substation ko a filayuwar karami. Sun zama ingantaccen abinci da kuma sanin maganar aiki, suna nuna wurare na gida, suna bude kungiyar kashi, da kuma suna saukarar sistema ta kontrolin bayanai, don haka suna daidaita tsohon tashin automasiya a jikin kungiyar kashi.

• Saka automatic recloser na vacuum na takamani a kofin substation (da yanayi aiki a cikin mekanisin permanent-magnet) a cikin fadada substation domin ya zama switch na main line protection. Switchin ya ba da shugaban da za a yi waɗanda biyu, waɗanda babban da kuma waɗanda mafi yawan lokaci (ko zan iya a yi shugabannin da kusa da kyau).

• Saka sectionalizers na count biyu a cikin fadada sakiyoyi masu uwanci, da kuma saka sectionalizers na count daya a cikin fadada sakiyoyi masu yawan uwanci. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen bude wurare na gida, bude kungiyar kashi, da kuma haɗa sabbin da suke.

• Saboda amfani na reclosing protection a cikin protection na tsari, yana daidaita cewa tsarin kashi zai iya tabbatar da amfani na gida, kuma zai iya bude kungiyar kashi daga 85% na amfani na gida mai karfi.

• A lokacin da a saka recloser, ya fara amfani na short-circuit current kuma ya shugaba irin aiki.

• Reclosers suna da interfaces na remote-operation, wanda ke taimakawa da fagen aiki a nan a lokacin da a yi "four-remote" control (remote sensing, remote control, remote signaling, da remote metering).

• Don amfani na gida na grounding, reclosers suna da protection na grounding-fault, amma suna iya kula tsarin kashi na biyu. Idan an sami amfani na gida na grounding, ba zan iya nuna wurin da gida ta shiga ba. Idan a zaba sectionalizer na protection na grounding-fault, za a zama mai girma. Ana tambayata a yi amfani da grounding-fault receiver a cikin substation da kuma grounding-fault indicators a cikin tsari. Idan an sami amfani na gida na grounding, grounding-fault indicators a cikin tsari za su fanza wajen nuna da kuma bincika signal, don haka grounding-fault receiver a cikin substation za a sami signal da kuma ya yi alarm.

• Don in samun sabbin da suke bayan reclosers da sectionalizers, vacuum circuit breakers na pole-mounted na biyu a cikin tsari za su zama load switches.

2. Misali Na Bayanai

Yi misali na grid na power da tsarin radial wanda ake nuna a Figure 1. Saka sectionalizers na count biyu a cikin fadada sakiyoyi masu uwanci da kuma sakiyoyi masu tsari, da kuma saka sectionalizers na count daya a cikin fadada sakiyoyi masu yawan uwanci. Set recloser a cikin fadada substation domin ya zama inverse-time characteristic na one fast and two slow operations. Saka sectionalizer F1 na count biyu a cikin fadada L2 branch na line L1, da kuma saka sectionalizer F2 na count daya a cikin L3 branch.

Idan an sami amfani na gida a cikin L2 branch, recloser a cikin fadada substation zai shafi amfani na gida da kuma ya yi waɗa. Saboda sectionalizer F1 ba ta samu adadin da aka rarrabe ba, zai ba da shi a cikin state na closed. Ba da shekarar da ya kamata, recloser a cikin fadada substation zai yi waɗa. Idan shi ne amfani na gida mai karfi, abinci zai zo ne a lokacin da recloser ya yi waɗa. Idan shi ne amfani na gida mai yawa, outlet recloser zai faɗa ta hanyar. Sectionalizer F1 zai samu adadin da aka rarrabe, zai faɗa ta hanyar, da kuma zai bude wurin da gida ta shiga. Ba da shekarar da outlet recloser ya yi waɗa, abinci zai zo ne a cikin sakiyoyi masu biyu.

Wannan bayanin yana daidaita idan vacuum circuit breakers na pole-mounted na biyu ba su iya samun tsohon tashin automasiya ba. An yi amfani da reclosers da sectionalizers domin a yi protection na tsari na 10 kV, wanda ke daidaita tsohon tashin grid, da kuma yana daidaita tsohon tashin automasiya a jikin kungiyar kashi.