Misalai na Maimakon Daji?

Mai suna da Wani Mai Tattalin Noma?

Takaitaccen Mai Tattalin Noma

Mai tattalin noma (TEG) shine wurin da yake tabbatar da tattalin noma zuwa takamawa ta hankali da Seebeck effect. Seebeck effect shine matsaloli na iya faru idan ana karamin farkon dole wanda ke kan duwatsu masu sautinsa ko kabilu masu sautinsa, wanda yake taimaka da faru electric potential difference. TEGs suna cikin wurare da ba suka da mutum ko mutane, kuma za su iya yi aiki a cikin harkar da ba suka samu lafiya, kafin ya gama da tsawon lokaci. TEGs zai iya amfani da shi don kula heat waste daga abubuwan da suka fi sani, kamar ayyuka, sarakunan mutum, power plants, kuma karfiyar mutum, kuma yadda ake tattala zuwa takamawa da yake taimaka da aiki. TEGs zai iya amfani da shi don tattala wasu wurare masu aiki, kamar sensors, wireless transmitters, spacecraft, ta hankali da radioisotopes ko solar heat.

Siffar Aiki

Mai tattalin noma yana da biyu masu muhimmanci: thermoelectric materials da thermoelectric modules.

Thermoelectric materials suna cikin abubuwan da suka faru Seebeck effect, wanda yake taimaka da faru electric voltage idan an samun farkon dole. Su ne kofin biyu: n-type da p-type. N-type materials suna da electrons extra, bayan p-type materials suna da lack of electrons. Idan an haɗa su da metal electrodes, wannan materials zai yi thermocouple, wanda yake shi mai girman mai tattalin noma.

Thermoelectric module shine wurin da take da many thermocouples haɗa da shi electrically in series and thermally in parallel. Thermoelectric module yana da biyu masu muhimmanci: hot side da cold side. Idan an samun hot side da heat source da cold side da heat sink, farkon dole zai faru a cikin module, wanda yake taimaka da faru current through the circuit. Current zai iya amfani da shi don tattala external load ko charge battery. Voltage da power output of a thermoelectric module depends on the number of thermocouples, farkon dole, Seebeck coefficient, da electrical and thermal resistances of the materials.

Efficiency of a thermoelectric generator is defined as the ratio of electrical power output to heat input. This efficiency is limited by the Carnot efficiency, the maximum possible efficiency for any heat engine between two temperatures. The Carnot efficiency is given by:

where Tc is the temperature of the cold side, and Th is the temperature of the hot side.

The actual efficiency of a thermoelectric generator is much lower than the Carnot efficiency due to various losses such as Joule heating, thermal conduction, and thermal radiation. The actual efficiency of a thermoelectric generator depends on the figure of merit (ZT) of the thermoelectric materials, which is a dimensionless parameter that measures the performance of a material for thermoelectric applications. The figure of merit is given by:

where α is the Seebeck coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, κ is the thermal conductivity, and T is the absolute temperature.

The higher the figure of merit, the higher the efficiency of the thermoelectric generator. The figure of merit depends on both intrinsic properties (such as electron and phonon transport) and extrinsic properties (such as doping level and geometry) of the materials. The goal of thermoelectric materials research is to find or design materials that have a high Seebeck coefficient, high electrical conductivity, and low thermal conductivity, which are often conflicting requirements.

Abubuwan Da Ake Amfani Da Su

• Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) and its alloys

• Lead telluride (PbTe) and its alloys

• Skutterudites

• Half-Heusler compounds

Ayyuka

• Cooling devices

• Power generation from waste heat

• Power generation from radioisotopes

 Abubuwan Da Sune

• Low efficiency

• High cost

• Thermal management

• System integration

Tsari Na Yanzu

• Novel thermoelectric materials

• Advanced thermoelectric modules

• Innovative thermoelectric systems

Kammal

Mai tattalin noma suna cikin wurare da suka tabbatar da tattalin noma zuwa takamawa ta hankali da Seebeck effect. Mai tattalin noma suna da abubuwan da suka fi sani saboda compactness, reliability, noiselessness, and direct conversion. Mai tattalin noma suna da abubuwan da suka amfani da su a fannin da suka fi sani, kamar cooling devices, power generation from waste heat, and power generation from radioisotopes. Amma, mai tattalin noma suna da abubuwan da suke so kuɗi da ake buƙata don amfani da shi, kamar low efficiency, high cost, thermal management, and system integration. Tsari na yanzu ga research and development include novel thermoelectric materials, advanced thermoelectric modules, and innovative thermoelectric systems. Mai tattalin noma suna da kyau a fannin energy conversion and harvesting applications in various sectors and scenarios.