Babban Yanka da Ilimin Zafiya da Karamin Zafiya

Jirgin Jiki Mai Tafiya

Idan an taka jiki mai tsayi a jikin jiki, kuma an sanya shi da hukumar jiki, yana zama rarrabe cewa harshen jiki ya faruwa da na tafiya ko tsayi. Ake bayyana jiki a matsayin jirgin jiki, idan harshensu ya kai da harshen tsayinsu. Tsarin jirgin-jiki yana kan nisa da harshen jiki da aka fiye da tsayinsu.

Jirgin jiki ba za a iya tabbatar da jiki da take ma da mutanen ruwa. Don samun jirgin jiki, yana bukata a yi tasiri da jiki mai tsayi a wuri hukumar jiki. Wani hukumar jiki wanda ake amfani da ita don samun jirgin jiki ana kira hukumar jiki na biyu a cikin jikin jiki. Jiki mai karfi da ke gudana daga jikin jiki yana kasance hukumar da ya fiye wa jiki mai tsayi.

Jirgin jiki ana amfani da ita a takamantar jiki don samun zaman karamin birnin jiki. A turbin jiki, jirgin jiki yana kawo maza ta fadada baki da yake kusa da condenser (ko na sauran). Kafin jirgin jiki a turbin yana bukatar kaɗan, wanda yake kusa da condenser, yana ba da sakamakonka da ya haifar da rotor na turbin. Ana kawo jiki mai karfi a fadada baki, kuma ana kasa da sakamakonsu idan yake kusa da condenser.

Saboda haka, yana bukata a tabbatar da jirgin jiki a fadada baki, don haka suka haifar da jiki mai karfi a cikin rotor na turbin.

Rotor na turbin yana da adadin stages, kuma jiki yana bukata a kawo maza ta fadada baki kafin yake kusa da condenser. Idan babu jirgin jiki da ya fiye a fadada baki, jiki zai haifar da tsayi a lokacin da yake kusa da stages na biyu, kuma zai haifar da karfin ruwa a lokacin da yake kusa da stage na uku.

Jiki mai karfi a fadada baki na rotor yana da alama, saboda zai iya haifar da Water Hammer da kuma hankali a cikin blades na turbin. Don haka, yana bukata a yi takamfa da parametere na fadada baki na turbin, kafin ake tabbatar da jirgin jiki a fadada baki, kuma ake samar da parametere na fadada kusa da condenser zuwa tsayin tsayi.

Wani abubuwan da suka bukatar a yi amfani da jirgin jiki a turbin jiki shine hakan gina da kyau a matsayin tushen efisiyensu na cycle.

Efisiyensu na motoci mai karamin jiki zai iya samun da ya kamata:

Efficiency na Carnot Cycle: Nisba na farkon dole a cikin fadada baki da kusa zuwa fadada baki zuwa fadada baki.

Efficiency na Rankine cycle: Nisba na sakamakon jiki a fadada baki da kusa zuwa sakamakon jiki a fadada kusa zuwa sakamakon jiki a fadada baki.
2. Misal na samun Carnot Cycle da Rankine Cycle Efficiency.
Misal:
An sanya turbin da jirgin jiki a 96 bar a 490oC. Fadada kusa ta a 0.09 bar da 12 % wetness.
Harshen jiki mai tsayi: 43.7oC
Zaɓe da Tashar Carnot Cycle da Rankine cycle.
Tsari na samun efficiency na Carnot cycle :

Tsari na samun efficiency na Rankine cycle :
Idan,

Sensible heat in condensate corresponding to exhaust pressure of 0.09 bar in KJ/Kg = 183.3
3.
Steam-Phase diagram shine bayanin graphical da ake bayyana a cikin steam table. Steam-Phase diagram yana ba da nasara a kan enthalpy, temperature corresponding to various pressures. Liquid Enthalpy hf. Wannan shine mazanyar A-B a phase-diagram. Idan ruwa tana basu karfi daga 0o C, tana basu enthalpy liquid duk da ita a cikin saturated water line A-B a phase diagram

Enthalpy of Saturated Steam (hfg): Idan an basu karfi daidai, zai haifar da phase zuwa jiki mai tsayi, wanda ake bayyana a cikin (hfg) a phase diagram i.e B-C.

Dryness Fraction (x): Idan an basu karfi, ruwa tana haifar da phase zuwa vapour, kuma dryness fraction ya kai da unity. A phase diagram, dryness fraction ya 0.5 a mid of the line BC. Saboda haka a point c a phase diagram, dryness fraction yana 1.

Line C-D Point c yana cikin saturated vapour line, idan an basu karfi daidai, zai haifar da temperature jiki, wanda ake bayyana a cikin line C-D.
Liquid Zone → Region zuwa baya na saturated liquid line
Super heat zone → Region zuwa baya na saturated vapour line
Two phase Zone → Area a nan a cikin saturated liquid da saturated vapour line, wanda yana da mixture liquid da vapour. Mixture with varied dryness fractions.
Critical Point → Shine apex point inda saturated liquid da saturated vapour lines sun haifi. Enthalpy of evaporation yana faruwa zuwa zero a critical point, wanda yana cewa ruwa tana haifar zuwa jiki a critical point da na biyu.
Harshen da ruwa zai iya samun ko zama a cikin wannan shine equivalent to critical point.
Critical point Parameters → Temperature 374.15oC
Pressure → 221.2 bar

Values above this are super-critical values and are useful in increasing the efficiency of the rankine cycle.

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