Substation na gaba

Substation na gaba shi ne wanda yana da kowane matsayin voltage daga 55 KV zuwa 765 KV. Wani abu mai substation wannan tana da muhimmanci zai iya samar da hankali a kan lokacin, amma yana da karfin sarrafa mafi yawan wurare. Substations na gaba suka fito da biyu na nau'o'i: pole-mounted substations da foundation-mounted substations.

Pole-Mounted Substation

Pole-mounted substations suna amfani da su don inganta distribution transformers da suka da kapasiti ta hanyar 250 KVA. Wadannan transformers suna cikin mafi so kuɗi, mafi tsawon kudin da ke da kuma mafi yawan distribution systems. Duka abubuwan zaɓu a cikin wasu substations suna da hawa na gaba, suna fito a kan supporting structures na high-tension distribution line. Ana amfani da triple-pole mechanically operated switch don switch high-tension transmission line on and off.

HT (High Tension) fuse yana ba da protection ga high-tension transmission line. Don kontrol low-tension lines, ana fito low-tension switches da fuses. Lightning arresters suna fito a kan high-tension line don ma sauri transformers daga voltage surges. Pole-mounted substations suna da earthed a biyu ko mafi yawa don alama.

Transformers da suka da kapasiti ta hanyar 125 KVA suna fito a kan double-pole structure. Don transformers da suka da kapasiti daga 125 zuwa 250 KVA, ana amfani da 4-pole structure da appropriate platform. Wadannan substations suna daidai a cikin wurare masu mutane.

Muhimmin kudin sauƙi suka da mafi tsawo. A birnin, amfani da mafi yawan wasu substations yana iya ba da distributors a kan mafi tsawo. Amma idan adadin transformers yana daɗe, total KVA yana daɗe, wanda yake daɗe no-load losses da kuma mafi tsawon cost per KVA.

Foundation-Mounted Substation

A foundation-mounted substation, duka abubuwan zaɓu suka ji, da substation yana da fence don alama. Abubuwan zaɓu da suka da ita suna da mafi yawa. Saboda haka, wurin da aka zabi don foundation-mounted substation yana da kyau a kan route da ya fi yawa don heavy-duty transportation. Wata foundation-mounted outdoor substation tana bayyana a cikin ɗaya.

Transformers da suka da kapasiti ta hanyar 125 KVA suna fito a kan double-pole structure. Don transformers da suka da kapasiti daga 125 zuwa 250 KVA, ana amfani da 4-pole structure da appropriate platform. Wadannan substations suna daidai a cikin wurare masu mutane.

Muhimmin kudin sauƙi suka da mafi tsawo. A birnin, amfani da mafi yawan wasu substations yana iya ba da distributors a kan mafi tsawo. Amma idan adadin transformers yana daɗe, total KVA yana daɗe, wanda yake daɗe no-load losses da kuma mafi tsawon cost per KVA.

A foundation-mounted substation, duka abubuwan zaɓu suka ji, da substation yana da fence don alama. Abubuwan zaɓu da suka da ita suna da mafi yawa. Saboda haka, wurin da aka zabi don foundation-mounted substation yana da kyau a kan route da ya fi yawa don heavy-duty transportation. Wata foundation-mounted outdoor substation tana bayyana a cikin ɗaya.

Fadada Substations na Gaba

Substations na gaba suna da fadada:

• Fault Detection na Mafi Tsawo: Duka abubuwan zaɓu a cikin substations na gaba suna da hawa, wanda yana haɗa process of locating faults.

• Expansion na Mafi Tsawo: Expanding installation yana da mafi tsawo a cikin indoor counterparts.

• Construction na Mafi Tsawo: Wadannan substations suna da mafi tsawo a kan lokacin.

• Material Requirement na Mafi Tsawo: Suna bukatar mafi yawan building materials kamar steel da concrete.

• Costs na Mafi Tsawo: Construction work yana da mafi tsawo, da kuma cost of switchgear installation yana da mafi tsawo.

• Repair and Isolation na Mafi Tsawo: Repair work yana da mafi tsawo. Adequate space between apparatus yana haɗa fault at one location ba tace a wasu components.

Mahimmanci Substations na Gaba

• Space Requirement na Mafi Yawa: Substations na gaba suna bukatar mafi yawan area.

• Need for Surge Protection: Protection devices suna da kyau don ma sauri against lightning surges.

• Cable Costs na Mafi Yawa: Length of control cables yana da mafi yawa, wanda yana daɗe overall cost of the substation.

• Equipment Cost na Mafi Yawa: Equipment designed for outdoor use yana da mafi yawa saboda ita bukatar additional protection against dirt and dust.

Idan haka, substations na gaba suna da amfani a cikin power systems.