300MW+ Unit Generator Circuit Breaker Automatic Tripping: Sababin Da Yawancin Karamin Kirki, Ayyuka da Ma'aikatar Ƙauna

Yanayin da 300MW karkashin gaba suna zama a cikin yanayi na generator-transformer kuma suna haɗa su don tattalin noma a kan fadin matafiyarsa. A lokacin da yanayin ya yi aiki, tattalin noma yana iya haɗa shi saboda abubuwa daban-daban. Masu aiki suna da kyau a bincike da kuma yi ayyuka a baya don inganta aiki na tsohon yanayi.

1. Dalilai na Haɗar Tattalin Noma na Tsawon

• Haɗar tattalin noma saboda aiki na relay protection: Misali, wasu abubuwan da ba a daidai ne a cikin ko kofin yanayi suna haɗa aiki na relay protection zuwa tattalin noma; karfin generator ko kafin cutar mai ruwa suna haɗa aiki na loss-of-excitation protection da kuma water cutoff protection zuwa tattalin noma (nota: bayanan ta aiki na "water cutoff protection" duk da yake a rubutun, wanda ya sa a rubuta a harsunan).

• Haɗar tattalin noma saboda aiki na mutum da ya haɗa, aiki na daidai, ko aiki na daidai na relay protection.

2. Yanayin Ba Da Tattalin Noma na Tsawon

Tattalin Noma Saboda Aiki Na Protection Daga:

• Naɗa akiyaye ta faru, kuma alamomin nuna wurin tattalin noma na yanayin da kuma field suppression switch suna faru. Idan yanayin ya haɗa, tattalin noma na generator, field suppression switch, da kuma tattalin noma na high-voltage station service working branch suna tattalin noma ta hanyar aiki na relay protection, kuma lambobin tattalin noma na biyu suna faru. Tattalin noma na high-voltage station service standby branch yana haɗa ta hanyar interlocking, kuma lambobin tattalin noma na duwatsu suna faru.

• Alamomin "accidental trip" na tattalin noma na generator, tattalin noma na high-voltage station service working branch, da kuma field suppression switch suna faru, kuma alamomin da suka haɗa aiki na protection suna faru.

• Duk alamomin generator suna nuna sifili. Bayan tattalin noma na generator, alamomin active power, reactive power, stator current and voltage, rotor current and voltage, da sauransu suna nuna sifili.

• Wannan maimakon tattalin noma, wasu yanayoyin masu alama na daidai, kuma alamominsu suna nuna alamomi daidai. Misali, idan generator ya tattalin noma saboda abubuwa, wasu yanayoyin za a iya samu overloading, overcurrent, da sauransu, kuma alamominsu suna nuna alamomi daidai.

3. Tattalin Noma Saboda Aiki Na Mutum Da Ya Haɗa Ko Aiki Na Daidai Na Relay Protection:

• Alamomin nuna wurin tattalin noma suna faru, amma field suppression switch take ci gaba.

• Voltage na stator na generator da wannan yanayin ya zama.

• Ta hanyar aiki na automatic voltage regulator (AVR), voltage da kuma current na rotor na generator suna zama.

• Alamomin active power, reactive power, da sauransu suna nuna alamomi daidai. Saboda tattalin noma na station service branch ba ta tattalin noma, ita ce ke tabbatake aiki ga tattalin noma na station service load.

• Alamomin yanayoyin da suka biye ba suka nuna alamomi na daidai, kuma babu alamomi na daidai a cikin tattalin noma na electrical system.

4. Ayyukan Don Bayar Da Tattalin Noma Na Tsawon

Idan tattalin noma na generator ya tattalin noma ta tsawon, masu aiki suna da kyau a yi ayyukan don bayar da ita ta hanyar alamomin alamomi, alamomi, da kuma aiki na protection, kamar yadda aka bayar da ita a kan yanayin:

Ayyukan Don Aiki Na Tsawon Na Protection:

• Bayan tattalin noma na generator ya tattalin noma ta tsawon, bincika cewa field suppression switch ta tattalin noma. Idan 41SD da GSD (designated switch identifiers) ba su tattalin noma, tattauna immedaita.

• Bayan tattalin noma na generator, field suppression switch, da kuma tattalin noma na high-voltage station service working branch ta tattalin noma, bincika cewa switching na high-voltage station service working branch zuwa standby branch ya zama. Idan ba a zama, tattauna tattalin noma na standby branch (idan tattalin noma na working branch ba ta tattalin noma, tattauna working branch da kuma tattauna standby branch) don inganta tabbatarwa ga tattalin noma na unit shutdown.

• Reset tattalin noma na control switches da audio signals. Saka tattalin noma na control switches na tattalin noma na biyu zuwa wurare da ake cewa a gaba don stop flashing signals. Bude reset button na audio signal don stop alarm.

• Deactivate automatic voltage regulator (AVR) na generator.

• Adjust da kuma bincika aiki na yanayoyin da ba suka haɗa, don inganta aikinta.

• Bincika aiki na relay protection da kuma yi ayyukan don bayar da ita:

• Idan generator ya tattalin noma saboda abubuwa na system (misali, bus differential protection, failure protection), ci gaba steam turbine speed da kuma bincika primary system na generator-transformer unit.

• Bayan abubuwa na system an haɗe ko an kula ita ta hanyar switching operating mode, tattauna dispatching center don reconnect unit zuwa system.

• Idan kuma yadda aka yi trip ya zama saboda aikin da ake tsara a cikin generator-transformer unit, duba generator, main transformer, high-voltage station service transformer, da sauran abubuwa a cikin aiki, oye inganci, bincike dalilin da nuna na musamman ta shawarwari, sannan tattaunawa kan IEE-Business don ci gaba da kusa da karfi.

• Sakamako wajen koyar da rarrabe duk da ake kula da shawarwari. Idan trip ya zama saboda loss-of-excitation protection, bincike dalili. Don units da duka da backup excitation device da za a iya canza, sakamako wajen koyar da rarrabe duk; ba haka, ci gaba da kusa da karfi.

5.Yadda Ake Bincike Tripping Da Ba Duk:

5.1Tripping Saboda Generator Protection Malfunction:

• A lokacin da circuit breaker ya yi trip, akwai siffar samun relay protection, amma babu alamomin shawarwari a cikin unit ko system, ko kuma siffar na gaba na sauran abubuwan kwabtali. A wannan lokaci, duba wadanda ya zama saboda protection malfunction ya yi trip.

• Idan trip ya zama saboda backup protection malfunction, da idojin IEE-Business, faskanta backup protection, sakamako wajen koyar da generator zuwa system, sannan kula da shawarwari.

• Idan trip ya zama saboda malfunction of the unit's main protection, bincike dalilin da ya zama saboda protection malfunction, sannan sakamako wajen koyar da rarrabe duk bayan ake kula da shawarwari.

• Ba a lokacin da generator circuit breaker ya yi trip otomatikin, idan babu alamomin shawarwari a cikin primary system of the generator-transformer unit da protection system, da idojin factory chief engineer da IEE-Business, yi zero-voltage step-up da generator manual. Kafin step-up, sake kasa neutral point grounding isolating switch of the main transformer, sannan yi step-up da adalci.

• A lokacin da ake yi step-up, duba meter readings na generator da insulation status na stator da rotor da adalci. Idan voltage ya zama 1.05 times the rated voltage, damar 1 minute (yana nufin withstand voltage test for 1 minute), sannan koma zuwa rated voltage da kula da generator-transformer unit da sauran abubuwa. Idan babu alamomin shawarwari, sakamako wajen koyar da rarrabe duk. Idan ana samu alamomin shawarwari a lokacin da ake yi step-up, ci gaba da kusa da karfi.

5.2 Tripping Saboda Accidental Contact Ko Incorrect Operation Na Mahaifi:

• Yanzu, field suppression switch tana cika, da sauran meter ga generator sun nuna alamomin load rejection. A wannan lokaci, yi trip da field suppression switch manual. Bayan a tabbatar da trip ya zama saboda human factors, sakamako wajen koyar da rarrabe duk.