Bataerya sa Aluminum Air: Kinsa ang Ilhanon?
Bateria mahimong matanggol. Kini nga disadvantage nagpapahibalo nga ang mga bateria dili makakita og energy sa daghang aplikasyon ug aparato diin importante ang pagkabulag.
Ang aluminum air battery nagsugyot sa kini nga problema. Ito gigamit ang hangin isip cathode, na nagresulta sa pagbawas sa iyang timbang.
Sa aluminum air battery, gigamit ang aluminum isip anode, ug ang hangin (ang oxygen sa hangin) isip cathode. Kini nagresulta sa mataas nga energy density – o energy nga giproduce sa unit weight sa bateria – kon ikompara sa uban pang tradisyonal nga bateria.
Bagama't ganinyana, wala pa gyud kini nga aluminum air battery commercially produced, tungod sa mataas nga cost sa pagbuhat sa anode, sama sa corrosion sa aluminum anode tungod sa carbon dioxide sa hangin. Tungod niini, ang paggamit niining bateria gi-limitar sa militar nga aplikasyon.
Ang mataas nga energy density sa aluminum air battery nagpakita nga adunay potensyal kini para gamiton sa elektrisidad nga sasayan.
Ang pagbuhat og aluminum air battery simple ra – ug mahimo kini gamit ang simple household goods. Atong hatagan og DIY (Do It Yourself) guide sa pagbuhat og aluminum air battery.
Aluminum Air Battery Experiment
Para makuha kini eksperimentally, kinahanglan nato,
Aluminum foil.
Saturated solution of water and salt
Bloating papers
Fine charcoal dust.
Two small pieces of electric wires and
One light emitting diode.
Procedure of Making Simple Aluminum Air Battery
Kuhaon ang usa ka piece sa aluminum foil ug ipatad sa table. Sa usa ka pot, buhata ang saturated solution sa tubig ug asin. Kuhaon ang usa ka bloating paper. Ihapin ang bloating paper sa saturated salt solution. Pagkahapon, ihapin ang bloating paper sa aluminum foil. Siguro na butangan ang fine charcoal dust sa ibabaw sa bloating paper. Pagkatapos, ilihok ang non-insulated wire lead sa charcoal dust, tapos cover it with another piece of salt solution soaked bloating paper of same size. Ngari tightly roll the total thing in such a way that, no charcoal dust can touch directly the aluminum foil and insulated portion of the lead wire comes out from one end of the roll. Now take another wire and fix the non insulated portion of the wire to the aluminum foil. Now if we connect a low rated light emitting diode (LED) with these two leads (one from charcoal and other from aluminum foil) and press the roll with our fingers, the LED will glow.
Working Principle of Aluminum Air Battery
As in the figure right, an aluminum air battery has air cathode which may be made of silver based catalyst and it helps to block CO2 to enter in the battery but it allows O2 to enter in the electrolyte. Then this oxygen reacts with H2O in KOH electrolyte solution takes electrons from solution and creates OH– ions. These ions then associate with Al anode and create Al(OH)3 and release electrons. These electrons then flow to the air anode from aluminum cathode through the external circuit for compensating lack of electrons in the electrolyte solution due to cathode reduction reaction.
Chemical Reaction of Aluminum Air Battery
Four aluminum atoms react with 3 oxygen molecules and 6 water molecules and produce 4 aluminium hydroxides
Aluminum Air Battery Equation
The anode oxidation (half-reaction),
The cathode reduction (half-reaction),
Total reaction,
Phinergy, a well known Israeli developer company focused on utilization of metal air battery like aluminum air battery and zinc air battery. The specialty of air metal battery is that they take oxygen from ambient air. Aluminum air battery has very high energy density, it is as high as 300 Wh per one ib of aluminum. Its power density is also very high, around 30 Watt/lb.
This type of battery cannot be electrically recharged. Basically this is a primary battery. But the difficulty of recharging can be overcame by mechanical recharging process. Mechanical recharging of aluminum air cell is done by replacing aluminum electrode. In this process, the battery can be turned to its fully charged condition from discharged battery cell stack.
Because of its high energy and power densities, facilities of mechanical recharging, aluminum air battery is may be the most suitable alternative of petroleum fuel for automobile in near future. These battery also have very low environmental impact.
The main disadvantage of this technology is, the reaction of CO2 with aluminum. Aluminum gets very easily affected by corrosion due to the presence of CO2 in the air. This problem can be overcame by introducing special air electrode which can prevent CO2 to reach to the aluminum sheet. Phynergy has developed an air electrode with silver based catalyst and this structure lets O2 enter into aluminum sheet and prevents CO2 to enter.
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