Misali shi ne na IEE-Business Electrical Power System?

Wani da takamakawa Electricity Power System?

Takamakawa Power System

Sistem ta elektriki shi ne tashar sadarwa da yake iya kawo, haɗa da kuma ba mai amfani da shi a kan mazauna.

Sistem ta elektriki shi ne tashar sadarwa da yake iya kawo, haɗa da kuma ba mai amfani da shi. An yi kawon shi a kan abin da ke kawo (misali, power plant), an haɗa shi a kan haɗin kasa (karkashin transmission line) da kuma tashar sadarwa, kuma an yi amfani da shi a kan ma'aikata masu gida kamar yaƙe tsirrai ko karamin hawa, ko kuma a kan ma'aikatar kasuwanci kamar yanayin koyarwa masu yawan koyarwa.

Misalai na sistem ta elektriki shi ne grid ta elektriki wanda ke bayar shi zuwa gidan mutum da kuma kasuwanci a cikin yankin. Grid ta elektriki zaka iya bincike a kan abin da ke kawo shi, tashar haɗin kasa wanda ke haɗa shi daga birnin kawo zuwa birnin amfani, da kuma tashar sadarwa wanda ke ba shi zuwa gidan mutum da kuma kasuwanci.

An samu sabbin da suke da sistem ta elektriki a kan kasuwanci, hospital, gidaje masu arziki, da kuma gida. Yawan da suke daga cikinsu suna yi amfani da AC ta uku - wani babban takamakawa a duniya don haɗin kasa da kuma sadarwa masu yawa.

Akwai waɗannan kuma sistem ta elektriki mai sauƙi wadanda ba su daidai amfani da AC ta uku, misali a kan jiragen, railen ta elektriki, ocean liners, submarines, da kuma mota.

Abubuwan da suka kawo shi suna kawo energy ta elektriki a matsayin tsarin kashi. A yi haka ne domin akwai muhimmanci ga wannan. Kawnin kashi yana ba alternator da lafiya. Saboda haka, a kashi nan, za a iya ƙirƙira alternator mai tsawo da tsari da karami.

Daga fannonin engineering da kuma design, alternator mai tsawo ne zai fi dace. Ba zan iya haɗa kashi na kashi zuwa birnin amfani ba.

Haɗin kasa na kashi yana ba da hasken copper, ba da kyau na regulation ta voltage, da kuma ci gabanar haɗin kasa. Don in iya ƙara waɗannan abubuwa uku, muna buƙata shi zuwa matsayin tsarin kashi mai yawa.

Buƙatun system voltage zuwa matsayin yawan yawa yana ba da lalacewar ci gabanar insulation da kuma ci gabanar ƙirƙiri masu zarrafa don ground clearance.

Voltage ta haɗin kasa yana da nasara a kan yadda ake buƙata shi. Surge impedance loading shi ne wani batun wanda ke nuna tsarin voltage na system don haɗin kasa.

Don in buƙata system voltage, ana amfani da step-up transformers da kuma ƙungiyoyin protection da operations a kan station na generation. Ana kiran wannan a kan generation substation. A cikin haɗin kasa, muna buƙata voltage ta haɗin kasa zuwa matsayin kashi mai tsawo don haɗin kasa na biyu ko kuma sadarwa.

A cikin wannan, ana amfani da step down transformers da kuma ƙungiyoyin protection da operational arrangements. Wani na wannan shi ne transmission substation. Ba da haɗin kasa na uku, energy ta elektriki zaka iya haɗa zuwa haɗin kasa na biyu ko kuma sadarwa na uku. Ba da haɗin kasa na biyu ko kuma sadarwa na uku, muna buƙata voltage zuwa matsayin kashi mai tsawo don sadarwa a cikin gidan mutum.

Wannan shi ne tsarin daɗi na sistem ta elektriki. Amma, ba a ambaci cikakken abubuwan da ake amfani a kan sistem ta elektriki. Kafin ake amfani alternator, transformer, da kuma karkashin haɗin kasa, akwai waɗannan abubuwan da suka da alaka.

Waɗannan abubuwan da suke suka ƙunshi circuit breaker, lightning arrestor, isolator, current transformer, voltage transformer, capacitor voltage transformer, wave trap, capacitor bank, relaying system, controlling arrangement, earthing arrangement of the line and substation equipment, k.s.a.

Voltage Regulation

Gudanar voltage levels a kan transformers yana da muhimmanci don ƙara hasken energy da kuma bayar shi da lafiya da inganci.

Importance of Transmission

Haɗin kasa na kashi mai yawa yana da muhimmanci don ƙara hasken energy da kuma ci gabanar infrastructure zuwa wurare masu yawa.

Essential Components

Abubuwan da suka da muhimmanci a kan sistem ta elektriki sun haɗa generators, transformers, da kuma waɗannan abubuwan da suke da alaka da protection da operational equipment.

Economic Rationale

Sistem ta elektriki suna da muhimmanci don bayar electricity daga birnin da suke da rawarwar da shi zuwa birnin da suke da amfani a kan shi, don in ba da energy da zai iya amfani da shi da kula da inganci.