Mai Kuliya: Me ke Ana da Ta Da ita da Kana Yadda ake Gargajiya?
Yadda ake kofar daɗi na abin da ba ta yi aiki da tashin karamin kasa ko karamin kasa, kamar kofin karamin kasa na wurin karamin kasa ko karamin kasa daban-daban na systemin karamin kasa, kamar tushen karamin kasa na systemin karamin kasa da ke tsakanin kafuwar gida, ana kiran shi a matsayin grounding, kuma yana nufin earthing.
Don haka ake magance abubuwa kai tsaye da kuma iya ake haɗa zuwa zafi na systemin karamin kasa, systemin karamin kasa suna da kyau a matsayin grounding.
Littafi wannan za a fada game da grounding conductors da kuma yadda ake gano girman da ya fi dacewa don grounding conductor batun da rike.
Matar da ake nufin da “Grounding Conductor”
A cikin systemin karamin kasa, kalmar “grounding conductor” na nufin wire ko conductor wanda ake kofar da shi a matsayin kofar daɗi na kasa (ko) kasa. Earth wire, ground wire, da grounding conductor suna cikin sunan abin daɗi.
Kofin karamin kasa ko kofin karamin kasa na wurin karamin kasa suna kofar da a kan ƙarin grounding conductor, kuma ƙarin suna kofar da a kan kasa. Kafin ake kofar da grounding conductor a kan kasa, babban mafi gwargwadon shi shine a magance abubuwa kai tsaye da kuma iya ake haɗa zuwa zafi na systemin karamin kasa saboda abubuwan da suka faru a cikin aiki na systemin karamin kasa. Idan duk shi ta yi aiki daidai, ground wire bai canza tashin karamin kasa ba.
Ake zaba grounding conductor a matsayin yadda ake iya bayar da ƙarin da ba da resistance mai ƙarin don tashin karamin kasa mai ƙarin idan alamun aiki ba su daidai. Saboda haka, grounding conductor ya ba tashin fault current ƙarin da ba da resistance mai ƙarin.
Saboda haka, idan akwai abu a cikin karamin kasa, leakage currents zai ci a kan kofin karamin kasa na wurin karamin kasa. Leakage currents zai ci a kan ground wire idan an samun grounding conductor wanda ake kofar da a kan karamin kasa (ko) kasa. Wannan zai ba ake magance leakage currents ci a kan kofin mutum (ko) abin da ba ta yi aiki da tashin karamin kasa na karamin kasa.
Kolokin grounding conductor
Grounding conductor yana da ma'ana a matsayin wire wanda ba ake sauri a kansu koyar da ake amfani da ita, kuma har yanzu yana da kolokin koyar da ake amfani da ita. Wannan shi ne a matsayin halin da take da a kan abubuwa masu yawan adadin.
Amma, wire da ake sauri a kansu ake amfani da ita a matsayin grounding conductor a matsayin abubuwa; saboda haka, kolokin koyar da ake amfani da ita a wire yana da kyau a matsayin green ko green da yellow stripes.
Kolokin koyar da ake amfani da ita a wire wanda ake amfani da ita a matsayin grounding conductor yana da kyau a matsayin green-yellow stripes a matsayin abubuwa. Waɗannan standards sun hada:
IEC-60446,
BS-7671, and
AS/NZS 3000:2007 3.8.3, amongst others.
A nan, a matsayin grounding conductor a kasashen kamar
India,
Canada, and
Brazil,
wire da ake amfani da ita a matsayin grounding conductor da ake sauri a kansu da green-coloured insulation ake amfani da ita.
Kalkuluchi don girman grounding conductor
Muhimmin aiki na ground conductor shine a bayar da ƙarin da ba da impedance mai ƙarin don tashin karamin kasa idan akwai abu a cikin aiki na systemin karamin kasa.
Saboda haka, yana aika voltage na kofin karamin kasa ko body na karamin kasa zuwa zero. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a zaba wire da girman da ya fi dacewa don grounding conductor a matsayin abin daɗi, kuma girman wire yana da kyau a matsayin rating na fault current na systemin karamin kasa.
Idan ake zaba girman grounding conductor a matsayin abin daɗi, yana da kyau a tabbata rule wanda capacity na tashin karamin kasa ba zai iya aiki da 25% daga capacity na phase conductor ko overcurrent device.
National Electrical Code (NEC) ya ba da table wanda ake amfani da ita don gano girman minimum na grounding conductor wanda ya fi dacewa a amfani da ita.
