Soluciọn Integrida: Pad Mounted Transformers Nkwenye Ọnwụnye na Ukwuu n'okpuru Solar PV Distributed
1. Tsaro na Maza ta Pad Mounted Transformer (PMT) a Cikin Nau'ukan PV Distributed
An Pad Mounted Transformer (PMT) shine wata masu kyautar kasa da ke tsakiyar tashar gida (pad). Yana iya amfani a matsayin kadan fadada kashi da hanyar zuwa takamarsa a cikin nau'ukan photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Tsaro na maza sun hada da:
- Kadan Fadada Kashi:Yana kadan fadada kashi daga ƙarin fadada kashi (misali, 0.8kV) zuwa 10kV ko 35kV don inganta hanyar zuwa takamarsa.
- Integrasi na Takamarsa:Yana haɗa sabon karamin kasa, wasu muhimmanci, da kuma kayan adadin, yana ci gaba da yawan wurare da tushen takamarsa.
- Isolation na Dalilai:An haɗa shi da kafin da ya kama da kwallonsa, ya kara da kwallon ruwa, da kuma kwallon lafiya, don inganta aiki a wurare mai karfi a kan gida.
2. Tsarin Tushen na Kayan Pad Mounted Transformer da Kungiyoyin Zabe
2.1 Amfani da Kungiyoyin Zabe
- Zabe Masu Aiki:Yana buƙatar zabe masu aiki mai kadan da PV system's maximum output power (tumshin 1.1~1.2 times the rating).
- Misal: Wata 19.9MW PV project da ke fitowa da 8 units of 2.5MVA PMTs (total capacity of 20MVA).
- Tsarin Kashi:Zaɓe 10kV ko 35kV ba tare da tsarin kashi (misali, 8.3MW project in Shanghai utilizes 10kV grid connection).
2.2 Tsarin Kungiyoyin Zabe
|
Parameter |
Bangaren |
|
Efficiency |
≥98.5%, yana kadan ƙarin fadada kashi |
|
Protection Class |
IP54 ko kadan (kafin da ya kama da kwallonsa da kwallon ruwa) |
|
Insulation Material |
Epoxy resin cast dry-type transformer (mai kwallon lafiya, bai samu nasarawa ba) |
|
Cooling Design |
Forced air cooling ko natural cooling, with temperature rise ≤85℃ |
2.3 Integrasi na Kungiyoyin Zabe
- Inverter Matching:Masu aiki na input voltage range yana buƙatar yadda ake fitowa daga inverter's output voltage (misali, 0.8kV → 10kV).
- Integration da Wasu Muhimmanci:Built-in fuses, surge arresters (lightning arresters), and temperature sensors; interfaces for external anti-islanding protection and fault isolation devices.
3. Tsarin Integrasi na System na Pad Mounted Transformer
Integrasi na Intelligent Monitoring
- Sensor Configuration:Real-time monitoring of temperature, current, and voltage.
- Communication Interface:Supports Modbus or IEC 61850 protocol for integration into PV monitoring systems (e.g., Acrel-1000DP).
- Safety Protection:
Anti-islanding device:Disconnects within 0.5 seconds after detecting grid power loss.
Arc detection:AI-enabled intelligent arc fault identification (e.g., Huawei solution).
4. Misalai na Amfani da Pad Mounted Transformer
4.1 19.9MW Distributed PV Project
- PMT Configuration:8 units of 2.5MVA pad-mounted transformers, deployed near 4 substations for close connection to 10kV distribution rooms.
- Results:Annual power generation of 14.95 million kWh, system efficiency >80%, reduced cable length by 30%.
4.2 Shanghai 8.3MW Rooftop PV Project
- Solution Features:
- 5 PMTs (2 units of 2.5MVA + 2 units of 1.6MVA + 1 unit of 0.8MVA) matched to groups of inverters with different capacities.
- Fiber optic ring network for data transmission, enabling remote power forecasting and dispatch response.
4.3 Environmental Interference Resistance Design
- High Wind Areas:Strengthened mounting bracket fixtures (e.g., wind load-resistant components).
- High Humidity Environments:Use anti-salt spray coatings (for coastal projects) and inverters with Potential Induced Degradation (PID) recovery function.
5. Fa'idota na Economic da O&M Optimization
5.1 Investment Return (ROI):
- Changchun 500kW Project:Annual generation 584,000 kWh, self-consumption rate of return 12.2%, payback period ≈5.3 years.
5.2 Operations & Maintenance (O&M) Strategy:
- Intelligent Diagnostics:IV curve scanning for real-time fault component localization.
- Preventive Maintenance: Overload risk alerts for transformers based on temperature data.
