Sistema ta’ awtomazzjoni u protezzjoni tal-linja tad-distribuzzjoni ta’ alta preżiżjoni PMU
Sistema ta’ awtomazzjoni tal-protezzjoni tal-linja PMU huwa sustema ġdid ta’ awtomazzjoni tad-distribuzzjoni tal-linja.
biex jilħolbu l-problemi esistenti, speċjalment tal-falt tal-terra.
li huwa bazejat fuq Miżura tas-Sinjali ta’ Faz ta’ Rete tad-Distribuzzjoni - μPMU.
PMU (unità ta’ miżura tal-faz), apparat jew modul indipendent. Id-data tal-miżura tal-voltàġġ/korrent hija kollox mhaqqsa b’timestamp BDS/GPS preċiża għal livell ta’ US.
Funzjonijiet bażi: • Faz: amplitud, angolu tal-faz, • Frequenza (f) u Varjazzjoni tal-Frequenza (△f/△t)
μPMU Diagramma ta’ Struttura tal-Arkitettura ta’ l-Hardwier
Sistema ta’ Miżura ta’ Areal Ampla (WAMS)
• Il-miżuri PMU huma assolutament issinkronizzati mal-Aħħar tal-Ħin Mondjal (UTC)
• Issinkronizzazzjoni ta’ miżuri ta’ areal ampla ta’ PMU installati f’postijiet differenti
• Eżpressjoni matematika tal-senjali tal-voltàġġ/korrent:
Sensor tal-Korrent Aerial i-WCS – Single Channel Current PMU
Soluzzjoni għall-problemi tar-rete tad-distribuzzjoni li huwa bazejat fuq il-PMU tal-rete tad-distribuzzjoni u t-teknika ta’ miżura sinjali ta’ faz sincronizzata ta’ areal ampla.
• Miżura tal-korrent b’alta preċiżjoni u alta frequenza
• Sincronizzazzjoni ta’ areal ampla, induzzjoni tal-għajnuna
• Instalazzjoni attiva, protezzjoni IP67
• Support bi-flus tal-għajnuna bidirezzjonali jew operazzjoni ta’ rete anellare
• Komunikazzjoni 3G/4G/ 5G：
a. Rapportjar periodikament kull armoniku
b. L-eventi lokali jagħmlu l-upload tad-data
c. Tiftix u test tad-data ta’ moment speċifik remotament
• 1μs Sincronizzazzjoni ta’ areal ampla
• 12.8kHz Frequenza tal-miżura
• 60 min Rekordjar u riprodizzjoni tal-ondi
• 0.5 Preċiżjoni tal-miżura
• 3.5A Kurrent minimu ta’ funzjonalità kompletta
Sensor tal-Korrent ta’ Tip Cable RCMU – Multichannel Current PMU
RCMU - Sensor tal-korrent ta’ kabel sottoterren
• 1μs Sincronizzazzjoni ta’ areal ampla
• 12.8kHz Frequenza tal-miżura
• 0.5 Preċiżjoni tal-miżura
• 60 min Riprodizzjoni tad-data
• 3 miżuri tal-korrent
• Trasferiment remut/wired
• Ikkolectja tal-korrent tri-faz, kif prinċipju tal-tip aerial, adattat għal unita tal-rete anellare, stazzjonijiet tal-switching, sottostazzjonijiet.
• Sincronizzazzjoni ta’ areal ampla, induzzjoni tal-għajnuna, jew supplit tal-għajnuna DC 24V/48V
• Algoritmu ta’ deċiżjoni tal-falt lokali bsieq:
a. Overcurrent tal-short-circuit
b. Overcurrent tal-zero sequence
c. Kurrent fazi asimmetri
• Rekordjar tal-ondi misurata, Support distribuit tal-lokalizzazzjoni tal-falt
• Support bi-flus tal-għajnuna bidirezzjonali jew operazzjoni ta’ rete anellare
• 3G/4G/5G jew komunikazzjoni ta’ rete
Unità ta’ Kolectja tal-Bus BDCU – Single/Multiple Voltage PMU
Tip Intern u Tip Estern
• 220V AC/24V DC supplit tal-għajnuna • Fibra optika, wired, wireless
• IEC 60870-5- 101/104/DNP3 • 300 sensors tal-korrent jistgħu jiġu aċċessati Miżura tal-Voltàġġ：
• 1μs Sincronizzazzjoni ta’ areal ampla
• 1.0 Preċiżjoni tal-miżura
• 12.8kHz Frequenza tal-miżura
• 60 min Riprodizzjoni tal-ondi
Għal falt tal-grounding ta’ faza waħda bl-kurrent tal-terra akbar mill-1A, l-detekzjoni u l-lokalizzazzjoni tal-preċiżjoni hija 100%, b’0 falsi positivi
• Ikkolectja tal-voltàġġ tal-zero sequence, tbda l-rekordjar tal-falt tal-terra
• Ikkolectja u proċess tat-talb tal-ondi, u determinazzjoni kompletta tal-falt
• Aċċess sigur għal l-stazzjoni prinċipali tal-distribuzzjoni
a. Użu bħala apparaċċ monitorjar tal-insulazzjoni tal-grounding tal-stazzjoni
b. Użu bħala apparaċċ monitorjar tal-insulazzjoni tal-grounding fil-stazzjoni
c. Mhux dipendenti mill-stazzjoni prinċipali biex jkomplu l-falt
L-Impjam ta’ Sistemi ta’ Monitorjar tal-Kondizzjoni tal-Rete Distribuzzjoni Intelligenti Bazati fuq Miżuri PMU
Skenerji ta’ Użu tal-Rete ta’ Distribuzzjoni
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU - Assesment tal-Kondizzjoni tal-Linja
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU - Rekordjar Distribut ta’ Ondi
Il-data tal-rekordjar ta’ kwalunkwe punt ta’ monitorjar fil-linja u fil-stazzjoni hija etikitjata b’ħin assolut għal livell ta’ mikrossekonda. Kwalunkwe apparat jista’ jattiva r-rekordjar meta jsodisfa s-silġijiet tal-bidu predefiniti. Provdixxi “snapshot” tal-risort globali bażat fuq it-talb tal-ħin ta’ kwalunkwe event fit-triq tal-post għal data rekordjata ta’ kwalunkwe sensor. Jprovdixxi data globali għal analisi dettagljata ta’ events u jisbahija l-inversion tal-process, traceability, u warning ta’ stat abnormali, etċ.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU - Monitorjar tal-Kwalità tal-Għajnuna
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU - Anti-stealing tal-Elettricità
Fl-aktar tal-data tal-load tal-user tal-parti ta’ voltàġġ u waveform tal-korrent, l-caratteristiċi tal-load jintanalizzati u identifikati, u l-behavior elettriku tal-user final jintmonitora, li jistgħu jiġu użati għal monitorjar u diagnosi remote tal-stat tal-apparaturi elettriki.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Warning tal-Falt, Traceability u Inversion tal-Process
Warning：
• 2017-10-30 12:15:39：081719, linja 115, post 1# 64#, faza A għal terra
• 2017-10-30 12:15:39：093125 , linja 117, post 29#, faza B grounded short circuit, peak flow exceeds 1000A
• 2017-10-30 12:15:39：115468 , Linja 115, bejn post 1# u 64#, faza A u C short circuit, Peak current at pole 1# exceeds 5000A Field feedback and fault process inversion:
• A car collision accident occurred at pole 52# on line 115
• The inspection found a burn mark in the cable cabinet somewhere behind the pole 29# on line 117
• Speculating that phase A conductor of line 115 falls down the cross arm and causes grounding, and the electric voltage of the non-fault phase increases, which leads to the breakdown of the insulation weak point phase B behind the pole 29# of line 117, forming the short circuit of the phases A and B of different lines and generating the peak current over 1000A
• After tens of milliseconds, the phase C conductor at the pole 52# of Line 115 also falls off the cross arm, causing short circuit of Phase A and C. When the peak of short-circuit current exceeds 5000A, the relay protection at the outlet of the line is operated. After the switch trips, the system runs normally, indicating that the insulation of the original breakdown point of the pole 29# of the line 117 is restored.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Lokalizzazzjoni tal-Falt tal-Grounding ta’ Disconnessioni
• 2018-10-05，15:27:45:395312， First alarm, the assignment notice is received. “Allocation notice: 10kV Section 2 Phase A is connected to the ground at 15:29” “Allocation notice: 10kV Section 2 Phase A grounding disappear at 15:47 ”
• Patrol to confirm the break of 127-1-28# of Line 121 branch
• Timely discovery of broken wire contact, to avoid passers-by close to the electric shock. It is speculated that the ground jitter of the broken insulated conductor causes multiple grounding. After the metal core is retracted into the insulation layer, the phase loss operation will result in the bus voltage returning to normal
• During this time, typhoon "Connie" passed through, so it is speculated that the disconnected line was caused by typhoon.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Big Data + AI Identification Guide to Find Fault Switches
It is Small resistance grounding system, PMU sensor configuration.
whole process of fault identification and confirmation:
• 2020.11.25 - 2021.2.5, C28YC line had 5 grounding alarms, and all the alarm had the same characteristics, but the fault point could not be found during on-site inspection.
• The AI identified a match between the characteristics of the second half of the cycle and a type of waveform in the historical database, and deduced that it was a switch defect.
• On February 5, 2021, the on-site personnel had a target in mind and found the switch fault at pole 84.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Warning tal-Insulazzjoni tal-Linja - Raġuni: Danni Meteoroloġiku
Linja Neutral Grounding Mode: bus 1 arc suppression coil, bus 2 ungrounded PMU Sensor Layout Details:
System warning times: 13 times
Fault evolution process: on the afternoon of August 13, 2019, there were 13 disturbances, all indicating that they occurred in the same line section. The zero-sequence voltage rises continuously from 20V at the beginning of the warning to 30V at the end. The zero-sequence current increases from 3A to 5A, and the insulation of the line deteriorates. Due to the backlog of emergency repair tasks caused by typhoon one day ago, the priority of early warning and shortage elimination work has been postponed. After 9 hours deterioration into a short circuit, protective action trip, resulting in power failure.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Warning tal-Insulazzjoni tal-Linja - Raġuni: Konflitt mal-Ġemel
Starting from 21 o 'clock on 2020.5.25, nearly one hundred weak disturbance events were perceived, all of which occurred in the same place. The damping resistance of the arc suppression coil in the station is seriously heated. The maintenance personnel patrolled the line according to the warning information. After clearing the tree barriers and removing the defects, the insulation of about 14 points of the line was completely restored and the system returned to normal.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Warning tal-Falt tal-Linja - Raġuni: Danni tal-Ġemel
System warning times: 10
Fault evolution process: From 19:57:41 to 22:48:18 on July 7, 2018, dozens of alarms were raised in the same place. The time between two faults is getting shorter and the frequency is getting higher, which shows the trend of developing into permanent single-phase grounding faults. At around 10:50, the maintenance personnel manually pulled the switch on the site, destroyed the bird's nest in the fault section, closed the switch to restore power transmission, the fault disappeared.
Użu Tipiku tal-UCMU : Warning tal-Falt tal-Apparaturi - Raġuni: Danni estern tal-Kable
Line neutral grounding mode: neutral grounding through arc suppression coil SMS warning times: 1
Fault Evolution Process: Multiple instantaneous grounding occurred since 15:22 on April 24, 2020, and the system pushed multiple warning information. In order to avoid frequent warning of short messages caused by instantaneous disturbance, the system sets three instantaneous grounding times within 20 minutes as the condition for pushing warning short messages. This condition can be improved through the accumulation and learning of big data by setting frequency. By 17:46, it became permanently grounded and lasted for 55 minutes.
Użu Tipiku tal-PMU: Warning tal-Falt tal-Apparaturi - Raġuni: Deterioration tal-Insulazzjoni tal-Switchgear
System Warning Times: 4
Fault Evolution Process: During the period of 2020.11.21 to 2020.11.24, there was 4 instantaneous grounding and 1 permanent grounding, and it eventually evolved into a short circuit fault. The system recorded 5 grounding faults with the same fault interval, similar waveform and obvious arc pull characteristics, which were judged to be insulation faults at the same location.
