Noma Malls: Smart Energy Storage Solutions for Savings Stability and Sustainability
Ⅰ. Na ƙarfi da ƙwarewa masu malli da yawa da darasi a cikin malli
A nan malli suna da tarihin magana mai yawa da kuma tarihin magana mai karfi:
- Yawan farakon daɗi da ƙarfi: Masu samun ruwa na ƙarfi a ranar (misali, 8:00–11:00, 17:00–22:00) suna da yawan harkokin daɗi da ƙarfi a gajeru ga 3-4.
- Karfin tsawo ta ƙarfi: Idan an rufe da abubuwa kamar HVAC (40%), takaitaccen (25%), da kuma lift (15%) zai iya haɓaka karfin tsawo.
- Babban tsari don ƙarfi: Idan an rufe da ƙarfi zai iya haɓaka POS, sistemi da dalilin bayanai, da kuma abubuwan da suka hada da ƙarfi, wanda yake iya haɓaka lalace-ba da kayayyaki.
Sistemi masu ƙwarewa suna haɗa da ƙarfin daɗi da 20%–40% da kuma haɗa da tsarin ƙarfi da sabbin funtuka: ƙwarewa tsawon ƙarfi, girman tsaro, da kuma ƙwarewa tsawo.
Ⅱ. Tashar kudin kasa
1. Kudin kasa
|
Abu |
Tushen fanni |
Funtuka |
|
Battery (ESS) |
LFP Cells (Cycle life ≥6,000 cycles) |
Tsari mai yawa, tsari mai tsawo; ya kunshi 2 sa'ayoyi a ranar |
|
Bi-directional PCS |
Inverter mai yawan tushen (Response <10ms, ≥95% efficiency) |
AC/DC conversion; seamless grid-tied/off-grid switching |
|
Smart Distribution Panel |
Multi-circuit auto-switching |
Allocates power to critical loads (e.g., fire control, cold chain) |
|
Energy Management System (EMS) |
AI-driven load forecasting & strategy optimization |
Dynamically adjusts charge/discharge schedules to maximize ROI |
2. Tashar kasa
• Amfani da ita a kan hanyar: Yana da amfani da DC coupling with solar PV ko AC coupling with grid, adaptable for new/retrofit projects.
• Amfani da ita a kan hanyar: Fire systems operate independently (≥3 hours backup) to ensure emergency evacuation.
Ⅲ. Funtukan da muhimmanci da hanyoyi masu amfani da ita
1. Haɗa da ƙarfin daɗi
• Peak-Valley Arbitrage: Charges during off-peak (0:00–8:00) & discharges during peak hours; IRR reaches 13%–20%.
• Demand Charge Management: Smoothens load curves, reducing transformer capacity fees (for users >315kVA).
• Demand Response Revenue: Participates in grid peak-shaving programs.
2. Haɗa da tsari
• Seamless Backup: Off-grid switching <10ms; zero interruption for elevators/security systems.
• Power Quality Optimization: Mitigates voltage sags/harmonics to protect sensitive equipment (e.g., data centers).
3. Amfani da energy mai yawa
• PV-Storage-Charging Integration:
o Rooftop solar → ESS stores excess energy → powers EV chargers.
o Boosts renewable self-consumption to 80%, cutting carbon emissions.
Ⅳ. Hanyoyi masu ma'ana
|
EMS Core Algorithms |
Strategy |
Implementation |
Benefit |
|
Dynamic Peak-Valley Dispatch |
Optimizes charge/discharge timing using TOU tariffs & load forecasts |
2 daily cycles; maximizes revenue |
|
|
Demand Control |
Real-time load monitoring; ESS offsets peaks |
Reduces transformer upgrade costs |
|
|
Multi-objective Optimization |
Balances cost (price gaps) vs. battery lifespan (cycle counts) |
Extends system life to 10 years |
Ⅴ. Amfani da ita da kuma tafiya
1. Tsarin amfani da ita
- Load Audit: Analyze historical data to identify peak loads and critical equipment.
- Capacity Planning: Deploy ESS at 20%–30% of total load (e.g., 1MW load → 200kW/400kWh system).
- System Integration: Modular All-in-One cabinet; installation completes in ≤2 weeks.
2. Investment Return Model
|
Item |
Value |
Description |
|
CAPEX |
¥1.2–1.5/Wh |
Includes equipment, installation, grid access |
|
Annual Revenue Structure |
||
|
Peak-Valley Revenue |
60%–70% |
Price gap up to ¥0.8/kWh |
|
Demand Charge Savings |
20%–30% |
Reduced transformer capacity fees |
|
Payback Period |
5–7 years |
IRR >12% (incl. subsidies) |
Ⅵ. Ingantaccen: Daga Haɗa da Ƙarfi zuwa "Zero-Carbon Mall"
- Virtual Power Plant (VPP):
o Aggregates mall ESS resources to participate in spot markets, enhancing revenue flexibility. - Carbon Asset Management:
o Quantifies emission reductions via PV/ESS for carbon accounting & green finance. - Smart Building Synergy:
o Integrates AI-based passenger flow prediction to dynamically adjust HVAC/lighting loads (e.g., reduce load by 30% in low-traffic zones).
