Misalai Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) shine?

Muhimmanci da tashin zafi mai kirkiya na ƙarfin dukkar (RCCB) shine tushen tashin zafi wanda ya ba da shaida da kuma yara daga gida ga tsakiyar jirgin ruwa. Yana inganta masu ilimi da kuma abubuwa daga hankali, hoton jiki, da sauransu da aka samu saboda ƙarin maganar kirkiya, ƙasa da ƙarin maganar kirkiya, ko mutuwa da karamin kirkiya.

RCCB ta yi a cikin hukumar Kirchhoff’s current law, wanda ya ce muhimmin yanayi da ke maimakon mafar kuɗi na iya duba musamman su. A tsakiyar daɗi, yanayi da ke maimakon kirkiya da take (hot) da kirkiya da take (neutral) ita ce da ita fi. Amma, idan an samu ƙarin maganar a tsakiyar, kamar ƙasa da ƙarin maganar kirkiya ko mutuwa da karamin kirkiya, baka wata yanayi za a haifar da tsakiyar jirgin ruwa kan hanyar haka. Wannan yana ƙara ƙarin bayanai a bayan kirkiya da take da neutral, wanda RCCB ta shahara da shi da kuma yake fitowa (kawo karfi) tsakiyar a ƙanan lura.

RCCB ta shahara da toroidal transformer da uku makoyi: wata don kirkiya da take, wata don kirkiya da take (neutral), da kuma wata don makoyi da ke shaida. Makoyi da take da neutral sun ba da magnetic fluxes da suka fi a lokacin da yanayi suka fi. Idan an samu ƙarin bayanai, residual magnetic flux za a faru, wanda yake kafa voltage a makoyi da ke shaida. Wannan voltage yana yin relay wanda yake kawo karfi ma'adotar RCCB da kuma yake kawo karfi tsakiyar.

RCCB ta shahara da buton da ke shaida wanda yake ba masu amfani da shi a yi ƙarin shaida da kuma yin ƙarfin zafi mai yawa a tsakiyar. Idan an kawo, buton da ke shaida yana haifar da kirkiya da take a karamin tsakiyar zuwa supply neutral, tare da makoyi da take (neutral) na RCCB. Wannan yana ƙara ƙarin bayanai a bayan yanayi da fluxes, wanda yana buƙatar RCCB a yi fitowa. Idan ban da shi, yana nufin cewa RCCB ta ƙarin maganar ko ake rubuta daidai da kuma yake buƙata a yi kawo da kada ko a yi ƙarfin zafi.

Abun Ubungiyoyi da Muhimmanci da Tashin Zafi mai Kirkiya na Ƙarfin Dukkar

Akwai abun ubungiyoyi da RCCBs da suka shaida da abun ƙarfin zafi:

• Type AC: Wani ɗaya yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa (AC) kawai. Yana da shaida don amfani da ayyukan da ba ake samu abubuwa ko variable frequency drives wanda suka faru ƙarfin zafi mai yawa ko pulsating.

• Type A: Wani ɗaya yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa da pulsating direct currents (DC). Yana da shaida don amfani da ayyukan da ake samu abubuwa kamar komputa, TVs, ko LED lights wanda suka faru ƙarfin zafi mai yawa da pulsating.

• Type B: Wani ɗaya yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa, pulsating DC, da smooth DC currents. Yana da shaida don amfani da ayyukan da ake samu solar inverters, battery chargers, ko electric vehicles wanda suka faru smooth DC currents.

• Type F: Wani ɗaya yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa, pulsating DC, smooth DC, da high-frequency AC currents tare da 1 kHz. Yana da shaida don amfani da ayyukan da ake samu frequency converters, induction cookers, ko dimmers wanda suka faru high-frequency currents.

Shaidar RCCB ta shaida da rated residual operating current (I∆n), wanda yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa wanda zai buƙatar RCCB a yi fitowa. Abubuwan da suka fi I∆n sun hada 10 mA, 30 mA, 100 mA, 300 mA, 500 mA, da 1 A. Idan I∆n yana ƙarfi, maka yana da shaida masu inganta masu ilimi daga hankali. Misali, RCCB da 30 mA zai iya inganta mutum daga hankalin jiki a lokacin da akwai hankali da tsawon 0.2 lura.

Wani ɗaya na abun RCCBs shine mafi girma da poles:

• 2-pole: Wani ɗaya yana da biyu slots don haifar da kirkiya da take da kuma kirkiya da take (neutral). Yana amfani a tsakiyar daɗi.

• 4-pole: Wani ɗaya yana da hudu slots don haifar da uku kirkiya da take da kuma kirkiya da take (neutral). Yana amfani a tsakiyar hudu.

Abubuwan Da Su Ka Shaida Da Kuma Abubuwan Da Ba Su Ka Shaida Da Muhimmanci da Tashin Zafi mai Kirkiya na Ƙarfin Dukkar

Daga abubuwan da su ka shaida da RCCBs:

• Su ka inganta masu ilimi daga hankali da ƙarfin zafi mai yawa kamar 10 mA.

• Su ka inganta hoton jiki da kuma abubuwan daga hankali da kuma kawo karfi tsakiyar a matsayin lokaci.

• Su da shaida a yi haifar da kuma yin ƙarfin zafi da buton da ke shaida da reset.

• Su ka amfani a matsayin abubuwan da suka samu ƙarfin zafi (AC, DC, high-frequency).

• Su ka yi a matsayin main disconnecting switches upstream of any derived miniature circuit breakers (MCBs).

Daga abubuwan da ba su ka shaida da RCCBs:

• Ba su ka inganta masu ilimi daga overcurrents ko short circuits, wanda suka buƙatar hoton jiki da karamin kirkiya. Saboda haka, su zai iya amfani a matsayin series with an MCB or a fuse wanda zai iya haifar da rated current na tsakiyar.

• Su zai iya yi fitowa da ƙarfin zafi mai yawa saboda abubuwan da ba suka shaida kamar lightning, electromagnetic interference, ko capacitive coupling. Wannan zai iya buƙatar inyan gaba da karamin abubuwan.

• Su zai iya ba da fitowa saboda abubuwan da ake samu kamar corrosion, wear, ko mechanical jamming. Wannan zai iya ƙara ƙarfin inganta masu ilimi da kuma masu amfani.

• Su zai ƙarfi da MCBs ko fuses.

Yadda A Yi Haifar Da Saboda Don Amfani Muhimmanci da Tashin Zafi mai Kirkiya na Ƙarfin Dukkar

Don haifar da RCCB da shaida don tsakiyar, kana iya duba abubuwan hawa:

• Abun ayyukan da ƙarfin zafi: RCCB ya shaida da abun ayyukan (AC, DC, high-frequency) da ƙarfin zafi (pure, pulsating, smooth) wanda zai inganta. Misali, type B RCCB ya shaida don solar inverter wanda yake faru smooth DC current.

• Rated residual operating current (I∆n): RCCB ya shaida da I∆n mai ƙarfi don inganta masu ilimi daga hankali, amma ba ƙarfi da ƙarfi don ƙara fitowa. Misali, 30 mA RCCB ya shaida don amfani domestic da commercial, amma 100 mA RCCB ya shaida don amfani industrial.

• Rated current (In): RCCB ya shaida da In mai ƙarfi don haifar da ƙarfin zafi na tsakiyar, amma ba ƙarfi da ƙarfi don kawo karfi MCB ko fuse wanda ake haifar da shi. Misali, 40 A RCCB ya shaida don 32 A MCB don 230 V single-phase tsakiyar.

• Mafi girma da poles: RCCB ya shaida da mafi girma da poles da supply voltage. Misali, 2-pole RCCB ya shaida don 230 V single-phase tsakiyar, amma 4-pole RCCB ya shaida don 400 V three-phase tsakiyar.

Don haifar da RCCB, kana iya duba hanyoyi hawa:

• Kawo karfi main power supply da kuma kawo karfi tsakiyar wanda zai inganta RCCB.

• Haifar da kirkiya da take(s) daga supply side zuwa input terminal(s) na RCCB wanda ake sanya L1, L2, da L3.

• Haifar da kirkiya da take daga supply side zuwa input terminal na RCCB wanda ake sanya N.

• Haifar da kirkiya da take(s) daga load side zuwa output terminal(s) na RCCB wanda ake sanya L1’, L2’, da L3’.

• Haifar da kirkiya da take daga load side zuwa output terminal na RCCB wanda ake sanya N’.

• Da tabbacin cewa duk haifar su ƙarfi da kuma ba ake samu kirkiya da ba su ƙarfi ko daɗi.

• Kawo karfi main power supply da kuma test RCCB ta kawo buton da ke shaida. RCCB zai iya fitowa da kawo karfi tsakiyar. Idan ban da shi, duba ƙarin maganar ko abubuwan da ba suka shaida da kuma a yi ƙarfin zafi saboda haka.

• Reset RCCB ta kawo buton da ke reset. RCCB zai iya kawo karfi da kuma kawo karfi tsakiyar. Idan ban da shi, duba ƙarin maganar ko abubuwan da ba suka shaida da kuma a yi ƙarfin zafi saboda haka.

Marya

Muhimmanci da tashin zafi (RCCB) shine tushen tashin zafi wanda ya ba da shaida da kuma yara daga gida ga tsakiyar jirgin ruwa. Yana inganta masu ilimi da kuma abubuwa daga hankali, hoton jiki, da sauransu da aka samu saboda ƙarin maganar kirkiya, ƙasa da ƙarin maganar kirkiya, ko mutuwa da karamin kirkiya.

RCCB ta yi a cikin hukumar Kirchhoff’s current law, wanda ya ce muhimmin yanayi da ke maimakon mafar kuɗi na iya duba musamman su. A tsakiyar daɗi, yanayi da ke maimakon kirkiya da take da kirkiya da take (neutral) ita ce da ita fi. Amma, idan an samu ƙarin maganar a tsakiyar, baka wata yanayi za a haifar da tsakiyar jirgin ruwa kan hanyar haka. Wannan yana ƙara ƙarin bayanai a bayan kirkiya da take da neutral, wanda RCCB ta shahara da shi da kuma yake fitowa (kawo karfi) tsakiyar a ƙanan lura.

RCCB ta shahara da toroidal transformer da uku makoyi: wata don kirkiya da take, wata don kirkiya da take (neutral), da kuma wata don makoyi da ke shaida. Makoyi da take da neutral sun ba da magnetic fluxes da suka fi a lokacin da yanayi suka fi. Idan an samu ƙarin bayanai, residual magnetic flux za a faru, wanda yake kafa voltage a makoyi da ke shaida. Wannan voltage yana yin relay wanda yake kawo karfi ma'adotar RCCB da kuma yake kawo karfi tsakiyar.

RCCB ta shahara da buton da ke shaida wanda yake ba masu amfani da shi a yi ƙarin shaida da kuma yin ƙarfin zafi mai yawa a tsakiyar. Idan an kawo, buton da ke shaida yana haifar da kirkiya da take a karamin tsakiyar zuwa supply neutral, tare da makoyi da take (neutral) na RCCB. Wannan yana ƙara ƙarin bayanai a bayan yanayi da fluxes, wanda yana buƙatar RCCB a yi fitowa. Idan ban da shi, yana nufin cewa RCCB ta ƙarin maganar ko ake rubuta daidai da kuma yake buƙata a yi kawo da kada ko a yi ƙarfin zafi.

Akwiya abun ubungiyoyi da RCCBs da suka shaida da abun ƙarfin zafi: type AC, type A, type B, da type F. Shaidar RCCB ta shaida da rated residual operating current (I∆n), wanda yana ƙara ƙarfin zafi mai yawa wanda zai buƙatar RCCB a yi fitowa. Abubuwan da suka fi I∆n sun hada 10 mA, 30 mA, 100 mA, 300 mA, 500 mA, da 1 A. Idan I∆n yana ƙarfi, maka yana da shaida masu inganta masu ilimi daga hankali.

Wani ɗaya na abun RCCBs shine mafi girma da poles: 2-pole da 4-pole. Mafi girma da poles ta shaida da supply voltage na tsakiyar.