Ni wapi ni Induction Voltage Regulators?
Maelezo: Induction voltage regulator ni aina ya mifano ya umeme. Uwezo wa kutengeneza umeme wake unaweza kubadilishwa, kutoka sifuri hadi thamani zaidi ya imara. Hii inategemea kiwango cha magawo kati ya primary na secondary windings. Primary winding inahusisha na mzunguko unaohitaji ufanisi wa umeme, na secondary winding inahusiana na mzunguko huo.

Induction voltage regulators zinazozingatiwa kwa kategoria mbili: single - phase induction voltage regulator na three - phase induction voltage regulator.
Maelezo ya schematic diagram ya single - phase induction voltage regulator imeonyeshwa chini. Primary winding inahusika na umeme wa single - phase, na secondary winding inahusika na mzunguko wa tofauti.
Katika mfumo huu, magnetic flux wa alternating unapatafsiriwa. Waktu magawo ya primary na secondary windings yanayofanana, magnetic flux yote kutoka kwenye primary winding hutumika kwenye secondary winding. Matokeo, umeme wa imara unapatikana kwenye secondary winding.

Wakati rotor anageuka kwa 90º, sehemu yoyote ya magnetic flux ya primary haikutumiki kwenye secondary windings; kwa hivyo, hakuna magnetic flux kwenye secondary windings. Ikiwa rotor anageuka zaidi, mwelekeo wa electromotive force (emf) uliyotengenezwa kwenye secondary hutoa hasi. Kwa hiyo, regulator huongeza au kukurugenisha umeme wa mzunguko, kulingana na upo la relative ya magawo miwili kwenye regulator.
Single - phase voltage regulator haijulisha maono yoyote ya phase shift. Primary windings zimekubaliwa katika slots za surface ya laminated cylindrical core. Tangu wanazo umeme ndogo, wanayo cross-sectional area ndogo. Rotor wa regulator unajumuisha compensating windings, zinazojulikana pia kama tertiary windings.
Magnetic axis ya compensating windings inapewa kila wakati kwa 90º kutoka kwenye primary windings. Mfumo huu unatumika kurejesha mazingira mbaya ya series reactance effect kutoka kwenye secondary windings. Secondary windings, ambazo zimehusika na mzunguko wa tofauti, zimekubaliwa katika stator slots kwa sababu ya mahitaji ya conductor area kubwa.
Three - phase induction voltage regulators zina primary windings tatu na secondary windings tatu, zinazokutana kwa kiwango cha 120º. Primary windings zimekubaliwa katika slots za laminated rotor core na zimehusika na three - phase AC power supply. Secondary windings zimekubaliwa katika slots za laminated stator core na zimehusika na mchakato wa load.

Regulator hauhitaji primary na compensating windings tofauti. Kwa sababu ya kila secondary winding ya regulator kuwa magnetically linked na primary winding moja au zaidi kwenye regulator. Katika aina hii ya regulator, magnetic field wa rotating wa consistent magnitude unatengenezwa. Matokeo, umeme uliyotengenezwa kwenye secondary winding pia una constant magnitude. Lakini, phases za regulator huzibadilika kulingana na variation ya position ya rotor kwenye stator.

Phasor diagram ya induction regulator imeonyeshwa katika picha hii. Hapa, (V1) inaonesha supply voltage, (Vr) ni voltage iliyotengenezwa kwenye secondary, na (V2) inaonesha output voltage per phase. Output voltage inapatafsiriwa kama phasor sum ya supply voltage na induced voltage kwa rotor displacement angle θ.
Kwa hivyo, locus ya result ya circle. Circle hii imeandaa kwa center wake liko kwenye tip ya supply voltage vector na radius sawa na (Vr). Maximum output voltage inapatawa wakati induced voltage inafanana na supply voltage. Vinginevyo, minimum output voltage inapatawa wakati induced voltage ina anti-phase na supply voltage.
Phasor diagram kamili kwa ajili ya three - phase case imeonyeshwa katika picha chini. Terminals zinazolabeliwa A, B, na C ni input terminals, na a, b, na c ni output terminals za induction regulator. Supply na output line voltages inafanana tu kwenye maximum boost na minimum buck positions. Kwa nyanja zote zingine, inapatikana phase displacement kati ya supply line voltage na output voltage.