Din da yaɗuwa da ke kusa hanyar zuwa tsawon muhimman kayan aiki na gwiwa?
Fada-bisa da Fada-kwakwa
Fada-bisa na ferroresonance: A cikin gwamnatin karamin noma mai ba ta da tsohon duka, zai iya gudana manyan kwakwatau masu shirye-shirye kamar transformers, voltage transformers, da arc suppression coils. Wannan zai iya haifar da ferroresonance. Bisa na fada wanda yake faru za a haifar da tsari na excitation na voltage transformer zuwa yawan kadan. Idan ana amfani da wannan a matsayin bisa da tsari kadan, zai yi nasara a kan hankali na transformer zuwa yawan kadan. Zai haifar da vaporization na manyan kwakwatau da ke gaske tsakiyar, wanda zai haifar da ci gaba-gaban bayanin kafin ya samu bangare. Misali, wannan alama ce mafi yawa a cikin gwamnatin 6-35kV.
Fada-bisa na switch: Idan an yi amfani da switch a cikin gwamnati ko idan yana faru wa'azi, zai yi nasara a kan abin da ya faru a kan gwamnati, wanda zai haifar da oscillation, exchange, da kuma redistribution na electromagnetic energy, wanda zai haifar da fada-bisa na switch. Misalai sun hada da fada-bisa na arc-grounding a cikin gwamnatin karamin noma mai ba ta da tsohon duka, da kuma fada-bisa na switching-off na line ko capacitive load mai ba ake amfani. Idan an yi amfani da capacitors, zai iya faru fada-bisa na yawan kadan. Hasashen, idan an yi reignition na switch a lokacin da an yi disconnection na capacitor, zai iya faru fada-bisa na yawan kadan da yake da shi a nan, da kuma fada-bisa na inter-phase a lokacin da an yi reignition na biyu na shi zai iya faru yawan kadan. Wannan zai haifar da inter-turn short-circuits na voltage transformer, wanda zai haifar da fada-kwakwa, da kuma vaporization na manyan kwakwatau da ke gaske tsakiyar, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Fada-bisa na lightning: Idan babban fasahar lightning protection ba su da kyau, fada-bisa na yawan kadan wanda yake faru saboda lightning strike zai iya haifar da insulation na voltage transformer, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Fada-bisa da fada-kwakwa na yawan kadan da kusan lokaci: Saboda resonance ko wasu abubuwan da ba su, har da cewa fada-bisa da fada-kwakwa na voltage transformer su da yawan kadan, suke faru ne da kusan lokaci. Yawan electric energy zai canzawa a kan heat, wanda zai haifar da transformer zuwa yawan kadan. Idan heat ya faru zuwa yawan kadan, insulating paper da insulating medium zai canzawa a kan vapor. Saboda aikan na dry-type transformer yana da tsawo, idan pressure ya faru zuwa yawan kadan, zai haifar da bangare.
Fada-kwakwa saboda fada-bisa na yawan kadan: Fada-bisa na yawan kadan zai iya haifar da inter-turn short-circuits a cikin transformer, wanda zai haifar da fada-kwakwa na yawan kadan, wanda zai canzawa a kan vaporization na insulating medium, wanda zai haifar da bangare na yawan kadan.
Abubuwan da suka haifar da Insulation
Insulation aging: Idan an yi amfani da voltage transformer da kusan lokaci ko idan an yi amfani da shi a cikin yanayi da suka da yawan kadan, yawan humidity, da pollution, insulating materials zai canzawa a kan aging da kuma deterioration, wanda zai haifar da insulation performance. Ba tare da haka, zai iya haifar da internal short-circuits, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Insulation quality defects: A cikin ingantaccen manufacturing process, idan akwai abubuwan da suka haifar da insulation wrapping ko improper insulation treatment, voltage transformer zai da insulation weaknesses. A lokacin da an yi amfani, wannan weaknesses zai iya haifar da high voltage, wanda zai haifar da coil short-circuits, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Moisture ingress: Idan an yi amfani da voltage transformer a cikin yanayi da yawan humidity, water vapor zai canzawa a cikin equipment, wanda zai haifar da insulation performance, wanda zai haifar da insulation breakdown, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Abubuwan da suka haifar da Equipment-self da Amfani
Product quality problems: Saboda wasu voltage transformers, saboda design da ba da shi, material quality da ba da shi, ko winding processes da ba da shi, zai iya faru excessive heating a lokacin da an yi amfani. Wannan zai haifar da insulation zuwa yawan kadan, wanda zai haifar da insulation aging, ko kuma breakdown. Duk da haka, zai iya faru inter-turn short-circuits a cikin primary winding, wanda zai haifar da rapid increase in current da kuma magnetic saturation, wanda zai haifar da resonant over-voltage, wanda zai haifar da bangare.
Secondary-side short-circuit: Short-circuit a cikin secondary side na voltage transformer zai haifar da sharp increase a cikin secondary-side current. Da hakan, a cikin principle of electromagnetic induction, zai haifar da large current a cikin primary side, wanda zai haifar da overheating na windings da kuma insulation damage, wanda zai haifar da bangare. Duk da haka, wiring na secondary da ba da shi, misali, accidental short-circuiting na secondary side na voltage transformer, zai haifar da sharp increase a cikin current, wanda zai haifar da damage da kuma bangare saboda overheating.
Overload operation: Idan an yi amfani da voltage transformer a cikin state na overload kadan lokacin, zai haifar da damage na equipment da kuma increase risk of explosion.
External impact: Accidental external impact zai iya haifar da internal structure na voltage transformer, wanda zai haifar da insulation, wanda zai haifar da fault ko kuma bangare.
Operation, Maintenance, and Management Aspects
Lack of maintenance and management: Idan an yi regular inspections, maintenance, and overhauls na voltage transformer ba, potential hazards da suka haifar da insulation aging da kuma loose connections ba su da shi a tuni. Long-term accumulation na wannan hazards zai haifar da explosion accident.
Insufficient skills of operators: Idan operators ba su da professional knowledge da kuma an yi amfani da shi da ba da shi, misali, an yi incorrect wiring a lokacin da tests (a lokacin da an yi excitation characteristic test na grounded voltage transformer, terminal n ba a ground), zai haifar da insulation na transformer, wanda zai haifar da service life, da kuma increase possibility of explosion.
