Jiyan Dabeetîna Transformera Brîndan & Transformera Potensiyel

Bir derya kelekê yên elektrikê yên dergeha dawî yên hêviyê, dêra dengên geraz û çavkaniya nisbeyan bi rastîn dike. Gerokên instrumenti, ku ji bo seretina current transformers (CTs) û potential transformers (PTs), bikaranîn da ku bi bavêneyîn vebegirin ev dengên ji bo pêmçeya meyarên standerd.

Transformera Yê Dilê?

Transformera yek eza cihazi elektriki ye ku energiya jêr ên circuitên bi rastînên mutual induction dagirê. Ev têr çifte coilên magnetikman dikilandin lê elektrikman izolekirin - primary û secondary - ji bo rêgirina dengên voltage û current bêt guherandina frequency. Transformers zêdetir serdeweran pelan dana, ya ku transformeras power, autotransformers, isolation transformers, û instrument transformers din. Lîsteyan, current transformers û potential transformers transformeras instrumentiyan nezîktirn ji bo pêmçeya currents û voltages bi deng di lineyan power de.

Current Transformer (CT)

Current transformer (CT) yek eza transformeras instrumenti ye ku currents bi deng re biguhere bêt deng, ji bo pêmçeya bi ammeter standard. Wê ji bo qantifikasyon currents bi deng di lineyan power transmission de dizayn kiribû.

Current transformer (CT) yek eza step-up transformer ye ku currents primary dikarke û voltage secondary bêrziye, currents bi deng bêt just few amperes - dengên pêmçeya bi ammeters standard. Bêrazî, voltage secondary wê dikare bêt deng dibêje, ku hesab bikejiyek operasyonî rakam dike: secondary CT dikare nikare li vir be opencircuited dema currents primary bêt hewl bike. CTs bi series connected ne lineyan power carrying currents bêt pêmçeya.

Potential Transformer (PT/VT)

Potential transformer (PT, ya jî voltage transformer û VT) yek eza transformeras instrumenti ye ji bo reduce high voltages bêt dengên safe, measurable ji bo voltmeters standard. Ji weha step-down transformer, wê converts high voltages (range up to hundreds of kilovolts) bêt low voltages (typically 100-220 V), ku bi direkta ji bo voltmeters conventional readable. Her destê CTs, PTs feature low secondary voltages, allowing their secondary terminals bêt safely left open-circuited bêt risk. PTs bi parallel connected ne lineyan power carrying voltages bêt pêmçeya.

Beyond voltage reduction, a potential transformer (PT) provides electrical isolation between high-voltage power lines and low-voltage measurement circuits, enhancing safety and preventing interference in the metering system.

Types of Potential Transformers

There are two primary configurations:

• Conventional Electromagnetic Transformer

• Relies on traditional magnetic coupling between primary and secondary windings.

• Challenges: High-voltage applications require extensive insulation, leading to significant costs and bulk due to the need for robust dielectric materials.

• Capacitive Potential Transformer (CPT)

• Employs a capacitor voltage divider circuit to first reduce the high voltage before it reaches the transformer.

• Advantages: Minimizes insulation requirements and cost by leveraging capacitive voltage division rather than relying solely on transformer windings, making it more suitable for extra-high-voltage (EHV) systems.

Comparison between Current Transformer and Voltage or Potential Transformer