Me kana Static VAR Compensator (SVC)? Fadada da Amfani a Ingantaccen Farkon Pawa

Misalai Yadda Muna Bani Static VAR Compensator (SVC)?

Static VAR Compensator (SVC), ko kuma Ana Kiranta Misaliyar Reactive, shine zaruri na kayan aiki don inganta masu shirya tsohon kula da kuli. A cikin sabon kayan aiki na reactive, yana bani ko koma shirya reactive don ci gaba da matsayin jinkiri da yake, zai iya haifar da hankali na kula, wanda ke tabbatar da hankali na gwamnati.

Wannan babban birnin Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), SVC na da bankin capacitors da reactors da ake kiranta su da power electronics kamar thyristors ko Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). Wadannan electronics suna ba da abili da za su iya sanya capacitors da reactors a fageni don bani ko koma shirya reactive da aka bukata. Nau'in kontrolin SVC ta tafiye masu amfani da tsari da adadin kula, zai yi ɗaukan nau'in aiki na reactive power output a tunanin lokaci don hada da dabbobi.

SVCs suna nufin dabbobi na reactive power wadanda suka faru saboda muhimmanci da take da ido ko ido mai karfi (misali, kula ranar zuwa kasa ko kula rana). Ta haka, suke haifar da jinkiri da shirya tsohon kula a matsayin kan ma ake shiga, wanda ke tabbatar da amfani da kula da kyau da kuma ƙare magana kamar dabbobi na jinkiri ko kuma jinkiri mai karfi.

Bayyana SVC

Static VAR Compensator (SVC) na da muhimman kompontants mai yawa, ciki har da Thyristor-Controlled Reactor (TCR), Thyristor-Switched Capacitor (TSC), mafiltoli, nau'in kontrol, da kuma kayan aiki masu alaka, kamar ya bayyana a nan:

Thyristor-Controlled Reactor (TCR)

TCR shine inductor da ake shiga da ƙarfin kula, an kiranta su da thyristor devices don kontrol inductive reactive power. Yana ba da abili da za su iya ɗaukan nau'in aiki na reactive power absorption tare da canza firing angle na thyristor.

Thyristor-Switched Capacitor (TSC)

TSC shine bankin capacitor da ake shiga da grid, an kiranta su da thyristors don kontrol capacitive reactive power. Yana ba da abili da za su iya bani reactive power injection a farkon, wanda yana daidaita don kawo da muhimmanci da take da ido da yawa.

Mafiltoli da Reactors

Wadannan kompontants suna ƙara harmonics da ake faru da SVC's power electronics, zai haifar da ci gaba da standards na amfani da kula. Harmonic filters suna ƙara dominant frequency components (misali, 5th, 7th harmonics) don ƙara ƙwarewa na grid.

Nau'in Kontrol

Nau'in kontrolin SVC ta tafiye masu amfani da kula da adadin kula a tunanin lokaci, zai yi ɗaukan nau'in aiki na TCR da TSC don ci gaba da target voltage da shirya tsohon kula. Tana da microprocessor-based controller wanda ke tattara data daga sensors da ke bi firing signals zuwa thyristors, zai ƙara millisecond-level reactive power compensation.

Kayan Aiki Masu Alaka

Sun hada da transformers don ci gaba da jinkiri, protective relays don ƙara ƙwarewa, cooling systems don power electronics, da kuma monitoring instruments don ci gaba da amfani da kula da kyau.

Addinin Samun Static VAR Compensator

SVC ta kontrola jinkiri da reactive power a cikin tsohon kula tare da power electronics, tana samu a cikin dynamic reactive power source. Haka ne yadda yake samu aiki:

• Reactive Power Management
  SVC ta shiga da TCR (inductive) da TSC (capacitive) a farkon da grid. TCR zai iya koma reactive power tare da canza firing angles, kuma TSC zai bani reactive power a farkon. Wannan gabashin yana ba da abili da za su iya ɗaukan nau'in aiki na reactive power:

• Voltage Sag: Idan jinkiri na grid ya ƙace, SVC zai bani capacitive reactive power tare da TSC don kara jinkiri.

• Voltage Surge: Idan jinkiri ya fi karamin setpoint, SVC zai koma reactive power tare da TCR don ƙace jinkiri.

• Continuous Monitoring & Adjustment
  Sensors sun tattauna amfani da kula da adadin kula a tunanin lokaci, sun bi data zuwa nau'in kontrol. Controller ya lura reactive power da ke buƙata da ƙara firing angles na thyristor don ci gaba da jinkiri da kyau a cikin ±2% na nominal value.

• Harmonic Mitigation
  Aksi na switching na TCR ta faru harmonics, wadannan suna ƙara da passive LC filters (misali, 5th, 7th harmonic filters) don ci gaba da compliance na grid.

Fadada SVC

• Amfani Da Kula Mai Yawa: Yana ƙara ƙwarewa na line tare da 30% tare da reactive power compensation.

• Transient Stability: Yana ƙara dabbobi na jinkiri a lokacin ƙwarewa ko ƙaramin ido, tana ƙara resilience na system.

• Voltage Control: Yana ƙara ƙwarewa na steady-state da temporary overvoltages, wanda yana daidaita don integration renewable energy.

• Ƙara Losses: Yana ƙara shirya tsohon kula (typically to >0.95), yana ƙara losses resistive tare da 10–15%.

• Low Maintenance: Design na solid-state bane da ƙwarewa, yana ƙara costs operational.

• Amfani Da Kula Mai Kyau: Yana ƙara ƙwarewa na voltage sag/swell da kuma harmonic distortion.

Amfani Da SVC

• High-Voltage Transmission Grids: Yana ƙara jinkiri a EHV/UHV lines (380 kV–1,000 kV) da kuma ƙara ƙwarewa na long-line capacitive charging.

• Industrial Plants: Yana ƙara shirya tsohon kula a heavy inductive loads (misali, steel mills, mining equipment) don ƙara costs utility.

• Renewable Energy Integration: Yana ƙara dabbobi na jinkiri daga wind farms ko solar parks.

• Urban Distribution Networks: Yana ƙara jinkiri da kyau a areas populated densely da ƙwarewa na ido.

• Railway Systems: Yana ƙara ƙwarewa na reactive power variations a electrified rail networks.