Kawalwar Girmanar Sisteminkin Da Turanci Ta Hanyar Chopper

Aikacewar

• Tsunani Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

• Tattalin Yakin Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

• Kammalawa Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

Abubuwan Da Aka Samu:

• Takaitar Takam: Takaitar takam yana nufin kudaden takam da ke tsaye a cikin makina daga taka ta tsawo don kawo karyar.

• Tsunani Da Karya: Tsunani da karya na makina daga taka ta tsawo da chopper yana haɗa da gina hanyar kan takam da kudaden PWM don samun takam da aka tabbatar.

• Fadada Ta Da Chopper: Amfani da chopper don takaitar takam yana ba da fadada da suka ƙarfafa, ƙarin, kudan da jin daidai.

• Abubuwa A Cikin Kofin Chopper: Abubuwan muhimman a cikin kofin chopper sun hada da MOSFET, alama na takam da kudaden PWM, maimaita, capacitor, inductor, da abubuwan da ke mamaye waɗanda suke ƙara da sabon ruwa da fuse.

• Tattalin Yakin: Tattalin yakin zai iya haɗa da kudaden tsaro mai sauƙi don tare da ƙwarewa da abubuwan da suka ƙarfafa don inganta karya da ƙare ƙaramin dole.

Makina daga taka ta tsawo wani shaida mai ma'ana da ake amfani a wurare da ƙarin, yaɗuwa da ƙaramin tsari. Ƙaramin tsari yana aiki da kudaden takam da ke tsaye. Wannan littafi yana nuna cewa ake iya kawo karyar takam da ke tsaye a cikin makina daga taka ta tsawo.

An yi aiki da hanyoyi masu karamin takam da ke tsaye suna da ƙwarewa da tattaunawa saboda an yi amfani da slip rings, brushes, da commutators, musamman idan alternator na rating ta ƙara. Hanyoyin tsohon karamin takam suna neman hanyoyi masu ƙwarewa waɗanda suke ƙara da ƙwarewa da tattaunawa.

Wannan yaki yana haɗa da kudaden takam da ke tsaye da amfani da chopper. Hanyoyin tsohon karamin takam suna amfani da semiconductor da sauran abubuwan da suke kawo karyar kamar diode, thyristors, da transistors. A cikin electronics na karamin takam, ana yi aiki da ƙarin ƙaramin takam, da AC/DC converters su ne mafi aiki a cikin abubuwan da ake amfani.

Tsari na ƙaramin takam yana ƙara da tens to hundreds of watts. A matsayin yanayi, amfani da variable speed drive don kawo karyar sako na induction motor. An kula systems na ƙaramin takam da sauran abubuwan da suke amfani a cikin karamin takam.

• AC to DC (rectifier)

• DC to AC (inverter)

• DC to AC (DC to DC converter)

• AC to AC (AC to AC converter)

Yana haɗa da abubuwan da suke ƙara da abubuwan da suke rike, ƙaramin, da amfani da ƙarin ƙaramin takam. DC-DC converter yana nuna ƙaramin takam da ke tsaye daga ƙaramin takam zuwa ƙaramin takam mafi ƙara. Voltage Fadada power electronic converters sun haɗa da ƙarin ƙarfafa, ƙarin tattaunawa, ƙarin tsari, da ƙarin jin daidai.

• Ƙarin ƙarfafa saboda ƙarin ƙaramin semiconductor devices.

• Ƙarin tattaunawa a cikin system na power electronic converter.

• Ƙarin tsari da ƙarin tattaunawa saboda rashin abubuwan da suke ƙara.

• Flexibility a cikin aiki.

• Ƙarin jin daidai a cikin electromechanical converter system.

Akwai kuma ƙarin ƙwarewa a cikin power electronic converters kamar haka-

• Circuit a cikin system na power electronic suna haɗa da ƙara harmonics a cikin supply system da kuma load circuit.

• AC to DC and DC to AC converter sun yi aiki da ƙaramin power factor ƙara a cikin ƙarin ƙaramin takam.

• Regeneration of power is difficult in power electronic converter system.

A cikin wannan projekti, an kawo karyar ƙaramin takam na field na makina daga taka ta tsawo da amfani da boost chopper. Boost chopper yana nufin DC to DC converter wanda yake bayar da ƙaramin takam mafi ƙara daga ƙaramin takam da ke tsaye.

MOSFET yana nufin power electronic semiconductor device wanda yake da kudaden switch. MOSFET an amfani da shi a cikin kofin Boost chopper. Terminal na gate na MOSFET an yi amfani da pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. Wanda an yi amfani da microcontroller. An kawo ƙaramin takam na chopper daga diode bridge rectifier da ƙaramin takam na single phase AC/DC.

Wannan tsunani da karya na takaitar takam yana ƙarin ƙarfafa da ƙarin ƙaramin takam, saboda amfani da electronics na power. A cikin abubuwan da ake amfani a matsayin reactive power control, power factor improvement of transmission line it’s required to change field excitation.

Wannan drive yana ƙara da ƙaramin takam da ke tsaye da kudaden ƙaramin takam. Systems na chopper suna ba da ƙarin ƙarfafa, ƙarin jin daidai, da ƙarin tsari. Ba ƙoƙari, chopper yana nufin DC equivalent of an AC transformer saboda hakan da suke ƙara a cikin yadda suke yi aiki. Saboda chopper yana haɗa da stage conversion, suna ƙarin ƙarfafa.

Tsunani Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

Don samun ƙarin bayani game da plan na projekti, za a duba wannan block diagram:

Daga wannan diagram, za a ce cewa ƙaramin takam na output daga full wave rectifier 230V yana ƙara da 146 (Approx.) ƙaramin takam na field na makina yana ƙara da 180V, saboda haka muna ƙara ƙaramin takam da amfani da step up chopper. An kawo ƙaramin takam na adjusted DC voltage a cikin field na makina daga taka ta tsawo. Ƙaramin takam na output na chopper zai iya ƙara da kudaden duty cycle, saboda haka muna ƙara pulse generator da adjustable pulse width, da ake iya yi haka da amfani da Microcontroller.

A cikin microcontroller, tana iya ƙara pulse signal tare da kudaden random sequence signal da constant magnitude, amma don ƙara ƙwarewa, yana da kyau a yi electrical isolation, muna amfani da Opto coupler. Capacitor an amfani da shi a cikin kofin chopper don ƙara ripple daga ƙaramin takam na output. An fitowa cewa inductor wanda ake amfani a cikin kofin chopper yana iya ƙara 2-3 A da current a lokacin ƙaramin takam. Daga ƙaramin takam na output, muna ƙara kofin da zai iya ƙara ƙwarewa.

• Don ƙara ƙaramin takam mafi ƙara, muna amfani da metal oxide varistors (MOV) wanda resistance ta ƙara da ƙaramin takam.

• Don ƙara ƙaramin takam mafi ƙara, muna amfani da first acting current limiting Fuse.

Don ƙara ƙarin ƙarfafa, muna amfani da filter circuit, L or LC filter a cikin output na bridge rectifier. Diode wanda ake amfani da shi yana da ƙarin reverse recovery time, muna amfani da fast recovery diode.

Values of circuit components that have been used

Input DC Voltage = 100V
Pulse voltage = 10V, Duty = 40%
Chopping frequency = 10 KHz
R = 225 ohm (As calculated from the machine rating)
L = 10mH
C = 1pF

Data obtained from the output
Output voltage: 174 V (Average)
Load current: 0.775 A (Average)
Source current: 0.977 A

Tattalin Yakin Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

Akwi ƙarin ƙaramin takam da za a iya ƙara da ƙarin ƙarfafa a cikin system da ƙarin ƙaramin takam.

Closed loop control

A cikin ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ake amfani, muna ƙara closed loop control scheme don ƙara ƙaramin takam. Reference voltage da actual output voltage zai ƙara da kudaden error signal. Error signal zai ƙara da kudaden duty cycle na chopper.

Reduction in temperature effect

Amfani da precision capacitor, switching diode zai ƙara ƙarin ƙarfafa, amma zai ƙara ƙaramin takam.

Kammalawa Da Karya Na Makina Daga Taka Ta Tsawo Da Chopper

A cikin projektin, muna ƙara da amfani da excitation controller da chopper. Masu amfani na system suna ƙara da industries wadanda suke ƙara da ƙarin ƙarfafa, ƙarin jin daidai, da ƙarin ƙaramin takam. Wannan nau'in projekti yana ƙarin ƙaramin takam a ƙasashen developing countries like India, inda energy crisis yana ƙara da ƙwarewa.

Muna samu ƙarin bayani a cikin projekti. Muna samu ƙarin bayani game da teamwork, coordination, leadership a lokacin ƙarin ƙaramin takam. Ana ƙara da ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ƙarin ƙarfafa. Wannan yana ƙara muna ƙara ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ƙarin ƙarfafa da ƙarin ƙaramin takam.

Babu muni da ƙarin bayani game da electronic control of motor a lokacin projekti. Muna ƙara ƙarin bayani game da ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ƙarin ƙarfafa. Projekti yana ƙara muna ƙara ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ƙarin ƙarfafa a cikin pulse signal generation and power MOSFET. Wannan projekti yana ƙara muna ƙara ƙarin ƙaramin takam da ƙarin ƙarfafa.