Bincike da Amfani da 10kV Load Switchgear a Jiragen Noma

A cikin harkokin kula da kula na tattalin kuli da gaba-gaban kula, ina yi aiki a cikin load switches kowace rana—wadannan suna “gatekeepers” na tattalin kuli mai yawa, wadanda ke tsara kula masu amfani. Da ido gwamnatiyar tattalin kuli da darasi, ma'ana don hankali da kula da kalmomi take ta shafi. Tattalin kuli mai yawa suka fi yawa wa kula, kuma load switches (a cikin abubuwan da ake magance a lokacin) suka taka rawa. Abubuwan da suke taka bayanen su ne: ① Kula da kula na main da branch lines a lokacin kula ko kula da kula; ② Samun wurare da ya ba amsa masu aiki a lokacin da ake kula da kula; ③ Yawanci da kula da kula a lokacin kula. Duk abubuwan da suke taka, su zai iya kunna, da kula da kula, da kula da kula, da kula da kula.

Load switches suna switchgear da alama mai kula. A cikin yanayin, su zai iya samun wurare a lokacin da suke kula (idantaccen cutar disconnectors); haɗin kula da kula daga kula da kula; kuma aiki da kula da kula (da kula da kula, hata a lokacin da ba suke kula da kula).

1. Kategorizaciya da Bincike Load Switches
1.1 Kategorizaciya da Arc - Extinguishing Medium

Load switches suna kategorizawa zuwa bude saboda arc - extinguishing media: mineral oil, compressed air, organic - material gas - producing, SF₆ gas, da vacuum load switches. A cikin abubuwan da suke taka, akwai general - purpose, special - purpose, da specific - application types (misali, motor - operated, disconnector - backed capacitor - bank, frequent - operation, da back - to - back switches).

1.2 Technological Evolution and Advantages of Vacuum Load Switches

Da nasarorin teknologi, load switches masu karfi (mineral oil, compressed air, gas - producing) suna kawo da SF₆ da vacuum load switches—wadanda ake amfani da su a halin yanzu. Binchiken sun nuna cewa vacuum switches suke taka rawa daga masu karfi:

• Fast Arc Extinguishing: Vacuum arcs suke kula a current zero (saboda metal vapor diffusion), ta haka insulation recovery suka kula da kyau daga air ko SF₆. Ideal for switching no - load transformers, cables, and overhead lines.

• Safe and Clean: Arcs don't splash, preventing contamination/damage to cabinet components.

• Long Lifespan: Smaller arcing distance, lower arc voltage, and less contact wear mean more switching cycles and minimal maintenance.

• Efficient Operation: Low closing energy for the operating mechanism, simple structure, and easy miniaturization.

• Stable Contact Resistance: No oxidation in a vacuum, ensuring long - term low contact resistance.

2. A New Type of Combined Isolation Load Switch
2.1 Limitations of Traditional Configurations

Conventional load switches have arc - extinguishing devices in series with the main circuit. Their dynamic/thermal stability is limited by arc - chamber design/materials, making them unsuitable for large - capacity systems. Pairing them with disconnectors adds complexity: cumbersome maintenance, slow recovery, frequent upkeep, and high initial costs.

2.2 Introduction to the Fla15/97 Combined Isolation Load Switch

The Fla15/97 outdoor combined isolation load switch addresses these issues and is widely used in European grids.

2.2.1 Main Functions

It integrates the functions of a vacuum load switch, disconnector, and grounding switch—an optimized, multi - functional device balancing technical performance and economic efficiency.

2.2.2 Product Features

• Comprehensive and Advanced: The vacuum arc chamber only handles circuit switching (no load/short - circuit current in the closed position). Fast insulation recovery, minimal contact wear, long lifespan, low contact resistance, and no arc damage to main contacts. Short operating stroke, compatible with small actuators.

• Easy Installation and Maintenance: Interlocked operation between the vacuum switch and disconnector enables one - step opening/closing, preventing misoperations.

• Low Maintenance: Simple structure with a vacuum arc chamber lifespan of 5,000 operations and other components lasting 30,000 operations. The built - in actuator uses patented technology from Germany's Drees.

2.2.3 Technical Highlights

• Innovative Switching Design: Series - parallel switching of vacuum arc chambers (auxiliary arc - extinguishing system) ensures no arc impact on main contacts.

• Built - in Insulated Actuator: Clear separation between main and auxiliary contacts, with faster insulation recovery after opening.

• Reliable Insulation: Copper tension bands maintain insulation distances.

• Compact Operation: Short stroke, compatible with small actuators.

• Long Electrical Lifespan: Minimal main contact wear.

3. Conclusion

As the power industry expands to meet rapid economic growth, distribution networks need simple, reliable, safe, and cost - effective solutions. Traditional “circuit breaker + disconnector” or “drop - out fuse” configurations only partially meet these needs. Outdoor isolation load switches (like the Fla15/97) offer a better balance of functionality and economy.

Data shows load switches are used 10 times more than circuit breakers for distribution line branches in Europe and America. By integrating with other technologies, they're also widely applied in urban distribution networks (e.g., ring main units, cable branches, and customer service lines).

For frontline operators like me, promoting such advanced equipment isn't just about technical upgrades—it's about ensuring grid stability, reducing maintenance burdens, and delivering reliable power to users. As distribution networks evolve, these smart, efficient load switches will become even more indispensable.