Ang Status sa Pagpangitak ug Pag-udyok sa 12 kV SF6 Gas-Free Ring Main Unit

Ang gas insulation gikan sa SF₆ gas. Ang SF₆ adunay kaayo stable nga chemical properties ug nagpakita og excellent nga dielectric strength ug arc-quenching performance, kini gitawag sa gamit sa electrical power equipment. Ang SF₆-insulated switchgear adunay compact structure ug small size, wala maapektuhan sa external environmental factors, ug nagpakita og exceptional adaptability.

Pero ang SF₆ internationally recognized isip usa sa six major greenhouse gases. Ang leakage gikan sa SF₆-insulated switchgear mao ang unavoidable practical issue. Gikan sa environmental protection perspective, ang paggamit sa sulfur hexafluoride kinahanglan molusot o minimizahan. Ang international community nakaabot sa consensus sa gradual phasing out ug ultimately discontinuing sa paggamit sa SF₆ gas.

1. Technical Characteristics of 12 kV SF6 Gas-Free Ring Main Unit

1.1 Green and Environmentally Friendly

Ang dry air (o nitrogen) ang gigamit isip primary insulating medium, eliminating ang SF₆ ug avoiding emissions sa toxic or greenhouse gases. Ang environmental impact throughout sa product’s entire life cycle gi-consider, uban sa continuous exploration sa new materials ug manufacturing processes aron mapadako ang material recyclability. Ang compact ug space-saving design effectively reduces raw material consumption, production energy usage, ug land occupation.

1.2 Safe and Reliable

Ang mature vacuum switching technology nag-sure sa stable ug reliable interruption performance ug long service life. Ang rated gas filling pressure mao ang low (0.12 MPa absolute), making it easier to achieve a low leakage rate (≤0.1%). Ang high dielectric strength allows normal operation even at zero gauge pressure. Ang three-position disconnector supports electric or remote operation ug features comprehensive “five-prevention” interlocks sa load switch/circuit breaker, enhancing operational safety during maintenance.

1.3 Environmental Adaptability

Tanang high-voltage primary components sealed within a 3 mm stainless steel welded gas compartment, fully isolated from external environments. Additional protective structures mahimong ipasabot sa switching mechanism ug low-voltage compartment as needed, truly meeting requirements for corrosion resistance, moisture protection, ug low-temperature operation under special conditions.

1.4 Intelligent Leadership

Ang product mahimo mogamit sa intelligent control systems, self-powered integrated protection, ug panoramic smart power distribution platforms according sa user needs. Ito integrates functions such as data acquisition, control, monitoring, diagnostics, protection, ug communication into a unified system, enabling remote operation/maintenance ug facilitating big data applications in power distribution.

2. Current Status and Development Trends of 12 kV Ring Main Units

2.1 Current Status of 12 kV Ring Main Units

Sa katapusan sa siglo, ang Earth's climate nag-undergo sa significant changes characterized primarily by global warming. Kini warming result sa natural climate variability combined sa enhanced greenhouse effects caused sa human activities. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions ug mitigating climate change mao ang primary goals sa United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ug Kyoto Protocol.

Sa 1997 Kyoto Protocol conference sa Japan, ang SF₆ listed isip one of the most potent greenhouse gases ug included among substances subject sa usage ug emission restrictions. Although CO₂ contributes over 60% sa greenhouse effect—the largest share—SF₆ accounts for only about 0.1%. Despite its currently small contribution, SF₆ poses significant potential risks: one SF₆ molecule has a global warming potential 23,900 times greater than that of a CO₂ molecule, ug its atmospheric lifetime is approximately 3,200 years. About 50% of globally produced SF₆ used sa power industry, of which 80% goes into switchgear. As a developing country, China faces increasing pressure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

2.2 Development Trends of 12 kV Ring Main Units

Gikan sa technical perspective, ang ring main unit industry had, by around 2014, progressed through several stages: air insulation, semi-SF₆ insulation, full SF₆ insulation, ug solid insulation. Kini evolution reflects continuous innovation ug technological advancement focused sa safety, reliability, miniaturization, ug environmental friendliness.

Currently, both domestically ug internationally, solid-insulated switchgear was once considered an ideal alternative sa SF₆-based products. Pero due sa challenges such as difficulty sa recycling sa epoxy resin (widely used sa solid-insulated units), lack sa broad acceptance sa alternative thermoplastic engineering materials, irrecoverable breakdown after insulation failure, ug unresolved issues related sa temperature rise under high-capacity operation, interest sa solid insulation has cooled almost as rapidly as it rose.

In contrast, full SF₆-insulated ring main units—despite their environmental drawbacks—continue to dominate the market due sa compact size, excellent environmental resilience, high reliability, ug low maintenance requirements.

Sa past 2–3 years, eco-friendly gas-insulated switchgear gradually become a focal point sa interest sa grid operators ug leading manufacturers, driven sa advancements sa several key areas:

• Mature application sa vacuum switching technology (including encapsulated designs);

• Deepened understanding sa insulation technologies (gas insulation, solid interface insulation, composite insulation, etc.);

• Dakong kahimtang operasyonal sa mga pananglitan nga may insulasyon sa SF₆ (RMUs, C-GIS);

• Pagsabot sa pagtuon sa mga alternatibong gas para sa SF₆ (gikan sa mga kompanya sama sa ABB ug 3M);

• Diskusyon sa industriya nga nagpapabilin sa pagbalik sa mga produktong naka-angkla nga medium-voltage, gisupportan sa dako nga gibag-o ang reliable nga mga komponente.

Bisag China nagpasabut sa pagbag-o ug pag-upgrade sa iyang industriya sa kuryente ug giubanan sa dugay nga pangutana alang sa energy conservation ug pagbawas sa pagdugay, ang pag-regulate sa atmospheric humidity ug pag-control sa air pollution mao na ang mas importante nga prioridad. Alang sa kasagaran nga nagbabago ang industriya sa kuryente, ang pag-develop sa SF6 gas-free ring main unit mao ang inevitable nga trend. Ang future transmission ug distribution equipment magfocus pa gyud sa safety, reliability, miniaturization, ug environmental sustainability.

Nagpakita ang State Grid Corporation of China og mas taas nga recognition sa eco-friendly switchgear konpare sa regular nga industrial users. Ang "State Grid Corporation Key Promoted New Technologies Catalog (2017 Edition)" gipahibalo nga gikan 2016 hangtod 2018, ang SF6 gas-free ring main unit kinahanglan nga mahimong "no less than 30% of total new installations in new and retrofit projects, with an annual growth rate of no less than 8%." Gihapon, ang pinakabag-ong version (2017) sa "Standardized Design Recommendations for 12 kV Ring Main Units," nga gibuhat sama sa State Grid’s Operation & Maintenance Department ug China Electric Power Research Institute, formal nga gisama ang eco-friendly gas-insulated ring main units ug gipagtukod ang clear nga technical specifications alang sa future procurement tenders.

3.Pagsumala

Sa kabuok, bisag China nagpasabut sa pagbag-o sa iyang industriya sa kuryente ug giubanan sa dugay nga pangutana alang sa energy conservation ug pagbawas sa pagdugay, ang pag-address sa atmospheric humidity ug air pollution mao na ang immediate nga prioridad. Isip usa ka typical nga terminal power distribution device, ang 12 kV ring main unit adunay wide nga deployment sa power systems ug uban pang industrial applications, serving as an indispensable component of a robust and intelligent grid ug direkta nga mog-influensya sa safety ug reliability sa power supply. Sa response sa kasagaran nga nagbabago ang industriya sa kuryente, ang pag-develop sa eco-friendly gas-insulated ring main units mao ang irreversible nga trend. Ang future transmission ug distribution equipment mag-evolve pa gyud sa core demands sa safety, reliability, miniaturization, ug environmental friendliness.