Farko na gaba da shi a wasu masu iya game da SF6 da vacuum switchgear a kirkiro mafi yawa

Dukkanin Vacuum da SF6 Interrupters a Kabilu Mai Tsarki

Idan kana nufin koyar zabe mafi yawan tsarki, musamman wadannan da suka shahara da rate mai tsawon transient recovery voltage (TRV) mai tsawo, vacuum interrupters suna da fa'idar daɗi na biyu game da SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) interrupters saboda alamar daɗi na biyu na dielectric recovery. Haka ya kamata tushen dukkanin, ciki har da farkon bayanan breakdown, late breakdown behavior, da na'urar a hanyar ƙarin ayyuka kamar inductive load switching da capacitor bank switching.

1. Dielectric Recovery da Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV)

• Vacuum Interrupters:

• Dielectric Recovery Mai Tsawo: Vacuum interrupters suna da alamar daɗi na biyu mai tsawo, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da zabe mafi yawan tsarki. Ba waɗanda an koye zabe, vacuum gap ta gane da ita daɗi na biyu na insulating, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da TRV mai tsawo.

• Na'urar Daɗi na Biyu a TRV Mai Tsawo: Wani tsawon daɗi na biyu mai tsawo na yake da vacuum interrupters ta gane da shi a lokacin da ake iya da transient recovery voltages mai tsawo da yawa masu yawan tsarki. Tsawon daɗi na biyu mai tsawo na yake da ita daɗi na biyu na insulation, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da TRV phase.

• SF6 Interrupters:

• Dielectric Recovery Mai Yawa: SF6 interrupters, hakan da suka da daɗi na biyu, amma suna da daɗi na biyu mai yawa game da vacuum interrupters. Wannan yana nuna cewa a lokacin da TRV mai tsawo, akwai yawan tsarki mai yawa da re-ignition ko breakdown idan ba daɗi na biyu na insulation baki.

• Babu Na'urar Daɗi na Biyu a TRV Mai Tsawo: A hanyoyin da ake iya da TRV mai tsawo, SF6 interrupters ba za su iya na'urar da vacuum interrupters, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da stress mai yawa a interrupter da kuma yawan tsarki mai yawa da failure.

2. Bayanan Breakdown

• Vacuum Interrupters:

• Breakdown Voltage Mai Tsawo: Idan ake duba, vacuum gaps suna da breakdown voltage mai tsawo, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da most operating conditions.

• Yawan Tsarki Mai Yawa da Breakdown a Moderate Voltage: Duk da cewa breakdown voltage mai tsawo, akwai yawan tsarki mai yawa da breakdown zai faru a moderate voltages. Amma, wannan yawan tsarki yana da muhimmanci mai yawa da ba a yi tabbaci a practical applications.

• SF6 Interrupters:

• Breakdown Voltage Mai Yawa: SF6 gaps suna da breakdown voltage mai yawa game da vacuum gaps, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da breakdown a cikin wurare da yawa.

• Na'urar Daɗi na Biyu Mai Yawa: Idan SF6 interrupters suna da breakdown voltage mai yawa, suna da na'urar daɗi na biyu mai yawa a cikin wurare da yawa.

3. Late Breakdown Behavior

• Vacuum Interrupters:

• Spontaneous Late Breakdown: Wani alamar daɗi na biyu na vacuum interrupters shine cewa zai iya faru spontaneous late breakdown, wanda zai faru zuwa harsunan minta a nan bayan an koye zabe. Wannan abu yana da muhimmanci mai yawa amma zai faru saboda residual ionization ko abubuwa masu yawa.

• Farkon Tsarki Mai Yawa: Farkon late breakdown events suna da muhimmanci mai yawa saboda vacuum gap ta gane da ita daɗi na biyu a nan bayan an faru breakdown. Wannan self-healing property na yake da ita daɗi na biyu na interrupter ta baki functional da safe.

• SF6 Interrupters:

• Babu Late Breakdown: SF6 interrupters babu late breakdown behavior, saboda SF6 gas ta gane da ita daɗi na biyu a nan bayan an koye zabe, wanda yake da ita daɗi na biyu na insulation.

4. Na'urar Daɗi na Biyu a Inductive Load Switching

• Vacuum Interrupters:

• Re-ignition Rate Mai Tsawo: A indutive load switching, musamman wadannan da ake iya da shunt reactors, vacuum interrupters suna da re-ignitions mai tsawo a cikin power frequency current zero. Wannan shine saboda dielectric recovery mai tsawo, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da TRV zai kasance capability na interrupter.

• Mitigation Strategies: Don kula wannan abu, an samun tarihin daɗi na biyu kamar pre-insertion resistors ko snubber circuits don limit TRV da kuma kula yawan tsarki mai yawa da re-ignition.

• SF6 Interrupters:

• Re-ignition Rate Mai Yawa: SF6 interrupters suna da re-ignition rate mai yawa a inductive load switching applications. Wannan shine saboda dielectric recovery mai yawa na SF6, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da gradual build-up na insulation, kula yawan tsarki mai yawa da re-ignition.

5. Capacitor Bank Switching

• Vacuum Interrupters:

• Pre-strike Arc Concerns: A lokacin da ake iya da capacitor banks, vacuum interrupters suna da buƙatar da zama a cikin very high inrush currents. Pre-strike arc, wanda zai faru bayan an koye zabe, zai iya haɓaka daɗi na biyu na contact system, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da potential failures.

• Mitigation Measures: Don kula wannan abu, vacuum switchgear for capacitor bank switching suna da features kamar pre-insertion resistors ko controlled closing mechanisms don limit inrush current da kuma protection na interrupter.

• SF6 Interrupters:

• Better Handling of Inrush Currents: SF6 interrupters suna da na'urar daɗi na biyu a capacitor bank switching saboda suka da ability da take handle higher inrush currents without significant dielectric deterioration. Wannan shine muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da high inrush currents.

6. Contact System Design

Contact systems na vacuum da SF6 circuit breakers suna da design daɗi na biyu don accommodate their respective operating principles:

• SF6 Circuit Breaker (Left):

• Contact system na SF6 circuit breaker ana da design daɗi na biyu don work with the gas medium, wanda yake da excellent arc-quenching properties. Contacts suna da large da robust don handle the higher currents and energy dissipation associated with SF6.

• Vacuum Circuit Breaker (Right):

• Contact system na vacuum circuit breaker ana da simple da compact, saboda environment na vacuum yana da excellent insulation and arc-quenching capabilities. Contacts suna da materials kamar copper-tungsten alloys, wanda suka da high melting points da good conductivity.

Kammala

A nan, vacuum interrupters suna da na'urar daɗi na biyu a hanyoyin da ake iya da very steep transient recovery voltages saboda dielectric recovery mai tsawo, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da high TRV rates. Amma, suna da re-ignitions mai tsawo a inductive load switching da kuma buƙatar da careful management a lokacin da ake iya da capacitor banks don kula pre-strike arcs. SF6 interrupters, on the other hand, suna da na'urar daɗi na biyu mai yawa a cikin breakdown statistics da kuma better suited for handling high inrush currents, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da ake iya da capacitor bank switching. The choice between vacuum and SF6 interrupters depends on the specific application and the type of load being switched.