Tattalin Kwalwa na Surji Mai Inganci: Tsariyan Yanzu Da Duk'ar Gaba
1. Hali na Mafi Yawan Online Monitors
A hali, online monitors suna da muhimmanci a fannonin tattalin surja daga tsaro. Idan su iya tabbatar da abubuwa masu sakamakon, akwai mafi yawan da suke cikin: ana bukata rubutun bayanan a kan lokaci, ba zai iya tattala a baya-bayan ba; kuma lissafin bayanan ba a kan lokacin da ke badu ya yi yakin. Tattalin malamin mai sauƙi na IoT ta shiga waɗannan abubuwa - bayanan an koyar da IoT zuwa tushen al'adu, kuma tare da tattaunawa na bayanan daban-daban, ya tabbatar da abubuwan da ba a gano, kuma ya ba amsarar da hukumar, wanda ya kammala yadda ake daidaito karfi na ilimi da ingantaccen kwamfuta.
1.1 Mafi Yawan Online Monitors na Yanzu
A cikin hanyoyin tattalin malamai na surja daga tsaro, online monitors sun nuna abubuwan da suke cikin amfani:
2. Tashar Tattalin Malamin Mai Sauƙi Na Surja Daga Tsaro
Don in sauya waɗannan mafi yawan online monitors, tattalin malamin mai sauƙi za a zama a uku hanyoyi:
2.1 Hanyoyin Tushen Bayanan: Wired → Wireless
Yanzu tattalin malamin mai sauƙi suna da amfani da RS485 wired connections, wanda babu da ita a wurare dabba. A wurare dabba kamar lines da wurare, yana da mafi yawan lokutan. Teknologi na wireless kamar LoRa, NB - IoT (Narrow - Band Internet of Things), da GPRS suna da fadada da kuma takalmomi. Karamin LoRa da NB - IoT, a nan teknologiyoyin na farko, za su iya samun amfani masu kyau a gaba.
2.2 Hanyoyin Tushen Noma: Active → Passive
Yanzu tattalin malamin mai sauƙi suna da amfani da DC power na gaba. A gaba, zai zama passive power supply don ilimi da inganta mai kyau. An samu amfani da leakage current na surja daga tsaro, solar panels, ko built-in batteries - amfani da leakage current ga noma ita ce mafi yawan, saboda haka za a iya kasance masu wahaloli kamar karkashin solar radiation da kuma hankali kan battery replacement.
2.3 Hanyoyin Saka: External → Internal
Yanzu tattalin malamin mai sauƙi suna da amfani da external - ba suke da mafi yawan lokutan da kuma suke da amfani da koyar da, amma suke da mafi yawan cikakken tsari. Internal installation yana bukatar integration a cikin cavity na surja daga tsaro, wanda yana bukatar cikakken tsari da kuma lokutan teknikal. Amma, zai iya kammala mafi yawan cikakken tsari a gaba.
3. Hanyoyin Tattalin Masu Kyau Na Surja Daga Tsaro
Basa ga hanyoyin fault modes da mechanisms, intelligent monitoring units zai maye kafofin biyar:
3.1 Tattalin Pressure
Karamin 35kV da uku porcelain-housed surge arresters, helium mass spectrometry leak detection da high-purity nitrogen filling (micro-positive pressure technology) suka amfani a cikin manufacturing don in kammala cikakken insulation. Amma, lokutan da aka faru ne yana ba su yin lafiya, nitrogen leakage, da kuma moisture ingress, wanda yake iya haifar da explosions. Intelligent monitoring units sun tattala internal pressure a baya-bayan; data upload da platform analysis zai ba amsarar da hukumar don in kammala yadda ake daidaito karfi.
3.2 Tattalin Temperature and Humidity
Karamin surge arresters na insulating tubes/porcelain housings da internal air, assembly yana bukatar strict temperature and humidity control. Intelligent units sun tattala internal conditions, sun koyar da bayanan a baya-bayan, kuma zai trigger alarms idan limits an hada, wanda yake zai ba amsarar da hukumar.
3.3 Tattalin Leakage Current and Resistive Current
Wadannan currents suna da muhimmanci ga performance na surge arrester. Lokutan da aka faru ne, tsari, da kuma pollution na insulator suka haifar da resistor aging da kuma seal failure, wanda yake yana iya haifar da currents. Tattalin trends na currents zai taimaka wajen tabbatar abubuwan da ba a gano, kuma kammala yadda ake daidaito karfi.
3.4 Tattalin Impulse Discharge Current
Koyar da discharge times, current magnitudes, da kuma action times zai taimaka wajen ilimi da inganta planning da kuma fault analysis.
4. Hanyoyin Farko Na Tattalin Malamin Mai Sauƙi
External intelligent monitoring yana faru (buku da space, highly compatible), amma internal monitoring yana faru a nan, tana da uku mafi yawan teknikal:
4.1 Energy Harvesting Optimization
Internal monitoring suna da amfani da leakage current na surge arrester don energy, amma currents masu kyauta suke haifar da real-time transmission. Combining leakage current harvesting da built-in batteries zai koyar da cycles na data transmission, kuma zai kammala energy supply da data transfer.
4.2 Signal Transmission Enhancement
Integration internal yana ba su yin signal attenuation/shielding daga arresters da components; high-voltage electric fields suke haifar da interference. Signals zai buƙatara don in kammala penetration da anti-electromagnetic interference.
4.3 Lifetime Verification and Reliability
Internal monitoring ba zai iya koyar da; surge arresters sun bukatar 30-year design lifetimes (over 20 years in practice). Monitoring unit lifetimes zai buƙatara, kuma heat from arrester actions ba zai haifar da module reliability.
5. Applications Na Yanzu Na Tattalin Malamin Mai Sauƙi
Tattalin malamin mai sauƙi yana faru a nan, domin amfani a power and railway demonstration projects (e.g., the intelligent traction substation in Xiongan, 750kV Yan'an Smart Substation, and UHV DC converter stations). Pilots sun tabbatar technical feasibility, kuma intelligent-monitored arresters suna da performance expectations.
6. Kammalawa
Tattalin malamin mai sauƙi yana ba amsarar da hukumar a baya-bayan, kammala yadda ake daidaito karfi. Idan akwai mafi yawan teknikal, tana faru a nan, aligned with intelligent, green, and environmentally friendly trends, zai koyar da traditional online monitors. Widespread adoption in power and railway systems zai kammala grid safety da kuma taimakawa sustainable energy development.
