Masu yin hanyar Diode?

Diode na iya waɗannan abubuwa?

Takaitar Diode

A yi amfani da muhimmin rawa (Si, Ge) don fadada shaida daban-daban. Wannan shaida mafi yawan karamin ya shi ne diode. Diode ita ce shaida biyu mai tsakiyar PN. Tsakiyar PN ana faru ta hanyar haɗa karfi mai P tare da karfi mai N. Idan karfi mai P an haɗe karfi mai N, akwai ƙungiyoyi masu elektron da holes a cikin tsakiya. Wannan yana ƙara lafiya a cikin tsakiya, saboda haka ana kiran tsakiyar da suke wata depletion region. Idan a faɗa batakalewar a tsakiyar PN, ana kiran shi a matsayin diode. Tushen da aka bayyana a nan ya nuna alama ta PN junction diode.

Diode ita ce shaida mai ƙananan gurbin da yake iya ƙoƙarin ruwa a kan ƙananan gurbi ɗaya, ta hanyar yadda ake bias ita.

Forward Biasing

Idan terminal mai P an haɗe terminal mai musamman na batari, kuma terminal mai N an haɗe terminal mai hasken, diode ita ce forward biased.

A cikin forward bias, terminal mai musamman na batari tana ƙara holes a cikin ƙasashen P, kuma terminal mai hasken tana ƙara electrons a cikin ƙasashen N, tana sa su zuwa tsakiya. Wannan tana ƙara lili ɗaya a cikin tsakiya, tana ƙara ƙungiyoyi, kuma tana ƙara ƙarfin depletion region. Idan batakalewar forward bias tana ƙara, depletion region tana ƙara ƙarfi, kuma ruwan tana ƙara ƙarfin exponentially.

Reverse Biasing

A cikin reverse biasing, terminal mai P an haɗe terminal mai hasken na batari, kuma terminal mai N an haɗe terminal mai musamman na batari. Saboda haka, batakalewar ta ƙara N side zama mafi musamman da P side.

Terminal mai hasken na batari tana ƙara majority carriers, holes, a cikin ƙasashen P, kuma terminal mai musamman tana ƙara electrons a cikin ƙasashen N, tana sa su har zuwa tsakiya. Wannan tana ƙara ƙarfin lili ɗaya a cikin tsakiya, kuma ƙarfin depletion region tana ƙara. Akwai ƙarfin ruwa mai ƙarfin ta minority carriers, ake kira reverse bias current ko leakage current. Idan batakalewar reverse bias tana ƙara, depletion region tana ƙara ƙarfi, kuma babu ruwa ta ƙara. Ana iya ƙara cewa diode tana yi aiki idan yana forward biased. Aiki na diode tana iya ƙara a cikin form na I-V diode characteristics graph.

Idan batakalewar reverse bias tana ƙara, ƙarfin depletion region tana ƙara, kuma lokacin ɗaya tana ƙara wannan tsakiya tana ƙara. Wannan tana ƙara ƙarfin ruwa mai ƙarfin. Breakdown ita ce knee na diode characteristics curve. Junction breakdown tana faru saboda ƙarin abubuwa.

Avalanche Breakdown

A cikin batakalewar reverse mai ƙarfin, avalanche breakdown tana faru idan minority carriers tana ƙara ƙarfin da suke ƙara electrons daga bonds, tana ƙara ƙarfin ruwa mai ƙarfin.

Zener Effect

Zener effect tana faru a cikin batakalewar reverse mai ƙarfin, inda electric field mai ƙarfin tana ƙara covalent bonds, tana ƙara ƙarfin ruwa mai ƙarfin da junction breakdown.