Wani ya Residual Current Circuit Breaker?

Mai suna Residual Current Circuit Breaker?

Ta bayyana RCCB

Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) yana nufin kayan abinci mai kyau wanda ya shafi da ya kasa jirgin hanyar tsakiyar tashin karamin maza.

Addinin Yadda Ya Fara

RCCB ta fara da addin Kirchhoff’s current law, wanda ya ce cewa adadin karamin maza wanda ya zama a birnin yana duka da adadin karamin maza wanda ya rage. A cikin jirgin da ba da gaba ba, karamin maza a cikin tsakiyar live da neutral suna mutuwa. Idan akwai gaba, kamar karamin maza wanda ya rage ko karamin maza wanda ya zama a tsakiyar live, karamin maza wata zama a tsakiyar ground. Wannan gaba na iya samun RCCB, kuma ya kasa jirgin a nan da liti.

A cikin RCCB akwai transformer mai karfin toroidal tare da uku coils: live wire, neutral wire, da sensing coil. Idan karamin maza suka mutuwa, coils na live da neutral sun yi magnetic fluxes masu mutuwa. Gaba na iya haɗa da residual magnetic flux, wanda ya haɗa da voltage a cikin sensing coil. Wannan voltage na iya faɗi relay don bude RCCB contacts da kasa jirgin.

A cikin RCCB akwai buton mai test don masu amfani su shiga addinshiko ta da shiga karamin maza mai gaba. Idan a saukar buton, ya rage live wire a cikin load side zuwa supply neutral, inda ya shiga neutral coil. Wannan na iya haɗa da gaba, kuma RCCB ya kasa. Idan ba a kasa ba, RCCB yana iya zama mai gaba ko ya shiga gabas, kuma yana buƙatar lagalga ko ƙara.

Abubuwan RCCB

Akawo RCCB suna da ƙarin batutuwa a kan ƙarin addinshiko su:

• Type AC: Wani ɗaya na iya shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya (AC) kawai. Yana daidaita waɗannan amfani da ba suka shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya ko pulsating currents.

• Type A: Wani ɗaya na iya shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya da pulsating direct currents (DC). Yana daidaita waɗannan amfani da suke shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya kamar computers, TVs, ko LED lights.

• Type B: Wani ɗaya na iya shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya, pulsating DC, da smooth DC currents. Yana daidaita waɗannan amfani da suke shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya kamar solar inverters, battery chargers, ko electric vehicles.

• Type F: Wani ɗaya na iya shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya, pulsating DC, smooth DC, da high-frequency AC currents tushen 1 kHz. Yana daidaita waɗannan amfani da suke shiga karamin maza mai tsakiya kamar frequency converters, induction cookers, ko dimmers.

Addinin RCCB ana sanya da rated residual operating current (I∆n), karamin maza mai gaba da take sa kasa. Mafi girman I∆n sun hada da 10 mA, 30 mA, 100 mA, 300 mA, 500 mA, da 1 A. Mafi girman I∆n na iya ba da inganci a kan abinci mai kyau. Misali, 30 mA RCCB na iya ba da inganci a kan cardiac arrest idan shock ya rage da liti da 0.2 seconds.

Abubuwan RCCB suna da ƙarin batutuwa a kan ƙarin poles:

• 2-pole: Wani ɗaya na da biyu slots don kofar tsakiyar live wire da neutral wire. Ana amfani da ita a cikin single-phase circuits.

• 4-pole: Wani ɗaya na da hudu slots don kofar tsakiyar three live wires da neutral wire. Ana amfani da ita a cikin three-phase circuits.

Fadada

• Sun ba da inganci a kan abinci mai kyau tare da shiga karamin maza mai gaba kamar 10 mA.

• Sun kaɓa abinci mai kyau da kasa jirgin gaba a lokacin da gaba ya zama.

• Suna da ƙarin addinshiko da buton mai test da reset.

• Suna da ƙarin addinshiko a kan ƙarin types of loads and currents (AC, DC, high-frequency).

• Suna da ƙarin addinshiko a kan miniature circuit breakers (MCBs).

Nahawu

• Ba sun ba da inganci a kan overcurrents ko short circuits, wanda za su iya haɗa da karamin maza zuwa maza. Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da MCB ko fuse wanda zai iya shiga rated current of the circuit.

• Za su iya kasa saboda ƙarin addinshiko kamar lightning, electromagnetic interference, ko capacitive coupling. Wannan na iya haɗa da ƙarin addinshiko da ƙarin cutar.

• Za su iya gaba saboda ƙarin addinshiko kamar corrosion, wear, ko mechanical jamming. Wannan na iya haɗa da ƙarin addinshiko da ƙarin cutar.

• Suna da ƙarin addinshiko da MCBs ko fuses.

Zaɓi RCCBs

Don zaɓi RCCB daidai, ya kamata a duba abubuwa masu ƙarin addinshiko:

• Type of load and current: RCCB yana daidaita type of load (AC, DC, high-frequency) da type of current (pure, pulsating, smooth) wanda za su shiga. Misali, type B RCCB yana daidaita solar inverter wanda ya shiga smooth DC current.

• Rated residual operating current (I∆n): RCCB yana daidaita I∆n da ya fi ƙarin addinshiko a kan abinci mai kyau, amma ba ƙarin addinshiko ba. Misali, 30 mA RCCB yana daidaita domestic and commercial applications, while 100 mA RCCB yana daidaita industrial applications.

• Rated current (In): RCCB yana daidaita In da ya fi ƙarin addinshiko a kan normal operating current of the circuit, amma ba ƙarin addinshiko ba. Misali, 40 A RCCB yana daidaita 32 A MCB for a 230 V single-phase circuit.

• Number of poles: RCCB yana daidaita ƙarin poles da supply voltage. Misali, 2-pole RCCB yana daidaita 230 V single-phase circuit, while 4-pole RCCB yana daidaita 400 V three-phase circuit.

Don kofar RCCB, ya kamata a duba ƙarin addinshiko:

• Switch off main power supply da isolate the circuit wanda za su shiga RCCB.

• Connect the live wire(s) from the supply side to the input terminal(s) of the RCCB marked as L1, L2, and L3.

• Connect the neutral wire from the supply side to the input terminal of the RCCB marked as N.

• Connect the live wire(s) from the load side to the output terminal(s) of the RCCB marked as L1’, L2’, and L3’.

• Connect the neutral wire from the load side to the output terminal of the RCCB marked as N’.

• Ensure that all connections are tight and secure and that no wires are loose or exposed.

• Switch on the main power supply and test the RCCB by pressing the test button. The RCCB should trip and disconnect the circuit. If it does not, check for any wiring errors or faulty components and fix them before using the circuit.

• Reset the RCCB by pressing the reset button. The RCCB should close and reconnect the circuit. If it does not, check for any wiring errors or faulty components and fix them before using the circuit.