Diagramma na Annabi da Turanci: Taurari Mai Yawa don Bincike Tsaro
A transformer ita ce aikace da ke kawo energy mai sharhi daga wata wurin zuwa wata wurin. Transformers suna amfani da su a cikin power systems don zama ko kusa voltages, hana wurin, da kuma koyar lalace. Transformers zai iya kula da kungiyoyi daban-daban saboda tashar, kungiyar windings, da kuma vector group.
A vector diagram ta transformer ita ce na nuna abubuwan phasor da ke duni bayan voltages da currents ta transformer. Ita ce alama mafi yawan samun yadda transformer ya yi aiki da kuma yadda yake gudanar da shi a kan jihohi da damu da fault scenarios.
A wannan takarda, za a bayyana maimakon vector diagram ta transformer shine, yadda a rarrabe, da kuma yadda a amfani da shi don analysis. Za a magana kuma kungiyoyi daban-daban da transformer connections da vector groups da muhimmancinta a cikin protection da coordination na power system.
Maimakon Vector Diagram?
Vector diagram ita ce diagram da za a iya nuna vectors. Vector ita ce abu da take da magnitude da kuma direction. A electrical engineering, alternating quantities kamar voltages da currents suna amfani da vectors, saboda suna ci gaba da magnitude da kuma direction da lokacin.
A vector diagram, alternating quantities suna nuna da arrows. Tsakiyar arrow ita ce take nuna rms value ta alternating quantity. Angulin position ita ce take nuna phase angle ta quantity da nan a tsakanin reference axis ko quantity minkali. Arrowhead ita ce take nuna direction da quantity ya yi aiki.
Idan electrical quantity ya yi aiki daga source zuwa load, vector representing quantity ita ce take amince positive. Idan yake yi aiki daga load zuwa source, ita ce take amince negative.
Maimakon Vector Diagram ta Transformer?
Vector diagram ta transformer ita ce vector diagram da za a nuna phasor relationships bayan primary da secondary voltages da currents ta transformer. Ita ce take nuna phase shift da polarity ta transformer windings.
Vector diagram ta transformer ita zai iya rarrabe don kungiyoyi daban-daban da transformer, kamar single-phase ko three-phase, star ko delta connected, ko kuma da kungiyoyi daban-daban da winding configurations da vector groups.
Vector diagram ta transformer ita zai iya taimaka muna:
Determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a transformer, such as impedance, resistance, reactance, and losses.
Analyze the performance and efficiency of a transformer under various loading conditions, such as no-load, full-load, over-load, or short-circuit.
Identify and diagnose faults in a transformer or its associated circuits, such as open-circuit, short-circuit, earth-fault, or inter-turn fault.
Select and coordinate protective devices for a transformer, such as fuses, circuit breakers, relays, or differential protection schemes.
Verify the correct connection and polarity of a transformer during installation or commissioning.
Yadda a Rarrabe Vector Diagram ta Transformer?
Don rarrabe vector diagram ta transformer, muna son sanin cikakken bayanan:
The rated voltage and current of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer.
The winding configuration and connection of the transformer, such as star or delta.
The vector group of the transformer, which indicates the phase shift and polarity of the windings.
The load impedance and power factor of the transformer.
The steps to draw a vector diagram of a transformer are:
Choose a reference axis for the diagram. Usually, the horizontal axis is chosen as the reference axis.
Draw the primary voltage vector along the reference axis with its positive direction pointing to the right. Label it as V1.
Draw the secondary voltage vector with its length proportional to its rms value and its angle according to its vector group. Label it as V2.
Draw the primary current vector with its length proportional to its rms value and its angle according to its power factor. Label it as I1. The direction of I1 should be opposite to V1 if the primary winding is supplying power to the secondary winding.
Draw the secondary current vector with its length proportional to its rms value and its angle according to its power factor. Label it as I2. The direction of I2 should be opposite to V2 if the secondary winding is receiving power from the primary winding.
Draw the load impedance vector with its length proportional to its value and its angle according to its power factor. Label it as ZL. The direction of ZL should be opposite to I2 if the load is passive (resistive or inductive).
Draw any other vectors that are relevant for analysis, such as impedance, resistance, reactance, losses, etc.
Example: Vector Diagram of a Single-Phase Transformer
Let us consider a single-phase transformer with the following specifications:
Rated primary voltage: 240 V
Rated secondary voltage: 120 V
Rated primary current: 10 A
Rated secondary current: 20 A
Winding configuration: Star-star
Vector group: Yy0
Load impedance: 6 ohms resistive
