Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

A signal, comprises of a set of information expressed as a function of any number of independent variables, that can be given as an input to a system, or derived as output from the system, to realize its true practical utility. The signal we derive out of a complex system might not always be in the form we want,∴ being well acquainted with some basic signal operations may come really handy to enhance the understandability and applicability of signals.The mathematical transformation from one sign

What is a First Order Control System?A first order control system is defined as a type of control system whose input-output relationship (also known as a transfer function) is a first-order differential equation. A first-order differential equation contains a first-order derivative, but no derivative higher than the first order. The order of a differential equation is the order of the highest order derivative present in the equation.As an example, let us look at the block diagram of the control

Due to the rapid advances in technology, all industrial processing systems, factories, machinery, test facilities, etc. turned from mechanization to automation. A mechanization system needs human intervention to operate the manual operated machinery. As new and efficient control technologies evolved, computerized automation control is being driven by the need for high accuracy, quality, precision and performance of industrial processes.Automation is a step beyond the mechanization which makes us

Signal flow graph of control system is further simplification of block diagram of control system. Here, the blocks of transfer function, summing symbols and take off points are eliminated by branches and nodes.The transfer function is referred as transmittance in signal flow graph. Let us take an example of equation y = Kx. This equation can be represented with block diagram as belowThe same equation can be represented by signal flow graph, where x is input variable node, y is output variable no

What is a Block Diagram in a Control System?A block diagram is used to represent a control system in diagram form. In other words, the practical representation of a control system is its block diagram. Each element of the control system is represented with a block and the block is the symbolic representation of the transfer function of that element.It is not always convenient to derive a complex control system’s entire transfer function in a single function. It is easier to derive the transfer f

In the present article we will discuss all about discrete signals which are made up of discrete data or sampled data or also known as digital data of control system. Now before we discuss this topic in detail it is very essential to know, what is the need of a digital technology though we have analog systems?So let us discuss first some advantages of digital system over analog system. Power consumption is less in digital system as compared to analog system. Digital systems can handle non linear

Before I introduce you about various compensation in control system in detail, it is very essential to know the uses of compensating networks in the control system. The important uses of the compensating networks are written below.Necessary of Compensation In order to obtain the desired performance of the system, we use compensating networks. Compensating networks are applied to the system in the form of feed forward path gain adjustment. Compensate a unstable system to make it stable. A compens

The describing function is an approximate procedure for analyzing certain nonlinear control problems in control engineering. To start, let us first recall the basic definition of a linear control system. Linear control systems are those where the principle of superposition (if the two inputs are applied simultaneously, then the output will be the sum of two outputs) is applicable. In the case of highly nonlinear control systems, we are unable to apply the principle of superposition.Analysis of d

What is a Controller?In control systems, a controller is a mechanism that seeks to minimize the difference between the actual value of a system (i.e. the process variable) and the desired value of the system (i.e. the setpoint). Controllers are a fundamental part of control engineering and used in all complex control systems.Before we introduce you to various controllers in detail, it is essential to know the uses of controllers in the theory of control systems. The important uses of the control

A control system is a system of devices that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other devices to achieve a desired result. In other words, the definition of a control system can be simplified as a system which controls other systems to achieve a desired state. There are various types of control systems, which can be broadly categorised as linear control systems or non-linear control systems. These types of control systems are discussed in detail below.Linear Control SystemsI