Smart Meter Solution: Analysis of Core Functions and Application Scenarios

I. Solution Overview

As a core terminal device for grid digitalization, smart meters integrate high-precision metering, bidirectional communication, and intelligent analysis to provide real-time data support for power systems.

This solution, developed in accordance with international and domestic standards and integrated with advanced communication technologies, builds a secure and reliable smart metering system. It is designed to meet diverse needs across residential, commercial, industrial, and renewable energy sectors.

II. Core Function Implementation

1. High-Precision Metering System

Employs 0.5S/0.2S-class metering chips, with an error rate strictly controlled below ±0.5%.
Supports bidirectional energy metering (covering forward/reverse active and reactive power), enabling seamless adaptation to renewable energy grid integration scenarios.
Features harmonic metering capability (analyzing 2nd to 21st harmonics), effectively ensuring comprehensive power quality monitoring.

2. Multi-Mode Communication Solution

Communication Type	Technology Selection	Application Scenario
Wired Communication	RS-485 / PLC	Centralized residential areas, industrial plants
Wireless Long-Range	NB-IoT / 4G / 5G	Dispersed users, mobile devices
Wireless Short-Range	LoRa / Bluetooth / WiFi	Local device interconnection, field maintenance
Standard Protocols	DL/T645-2007, IEC 62056	Multi-system compatibility and interoperability

3. Advanced Function Applications

Smart billing control system: Supports seamless switching between prepaid and postpaid modes; the response time for remote power on/off is less than 3 minutes.
Electricity consumption analysis engine:
- Generates load curves with granularities of 15, 30, or 60 minutes.
- Achieves over 95% accuracy in detecting electricity theft.
- Automatically records voltage sag and swell events.
Multi-scenario tariff strategies: Automatically executes tiered pricing, time-of-use pricing, and dynamic pricing models.

III. Typical Application Scenario Solutions

1. Residential Electricity Scenarios

Home energy management: Enables real-time electricity query and detailed appliance energy consumption analysis.
Smart home integration: Provides interfaces for connection with smart home systems, supporting coordinated electricity management strategies.
Mobile applications: Allows users to access real-time electricity queries and billing alerts via WeChat or dedicated mobile apps.

2. Commercial and Industrial Applications

Demand management system: Conducts 15-minute demand forecasting to help enterprises avoid exceeding basic electricity fees.
Power factor compensation: Automatically calculates reactive compensation requirements, preventing penalty charges due to low power factors.
Sub-circuit metering: Supports independent metering of multiple branch circuits, enabling precise assessment of energy consumption across different production or operation links.

3. Renewable Energy Applications

Distributed PV metering: Adopts bidirectional energy metering to ensure accurate net metering for photovoltaic systems.
EV charging management: Implements independent metering for charging piles and controls charging costs through time-of-use pricing.
Energy storage system monitoring: Calculates charge/discharge efficiency and conducts battery health assessment in real time.

IV. Technical Implementation Assurance

1. Security Protection System

Encrypts communication data using the national cryptographic SM4 algorithm, ensuring data transmission security.
Enhances hardware-level protection through security chips, effectively preventing physical attacks on devices.
Adopts a bidirectional authentication mechanism to block unauthorized access to the metering system.

2. Standards Compliance

Complies with the GB/T 17215 series of national standards, meeting domestic technical and quality requirements.
Has passed State Grid Q/GDW 1208 type tests, ensuring compatibility with State Grid's operation system.
Supports EU MID certification and North American ANSI C12 standards, facilitating international market expansion.

3. Intelligent Evolution Path

Edge computing capability: Realizes local data preprocessing, reducing the pressure of data transmission to the cloud.
AI algorithm applications: Applies AI technologies to user behavior analysis and equipment health prediction, improving system intelligence.
Cloud-edge collaboration: Combines local rapid response capabilities with cloud-based big data analysis, optimizing overall system performance.

V. Implementation Benefits Analysis

Improved metering accuracy: Reduces billing disputes caused by metering errors and enhances customer satisfaction.
Optimized operational efficiency: Increases the efficiency of remote meter reading by more than 80%, reducing manual operation costs.
Electricity theft detection: Achieves over 95% accuracy in detecting abnormal electricity usage, minimizing economic losses for power grid enterprises.
Renewable energy adaptation: Supports high-penetration renewable energy integration scenarios, promoting the development of clean energy.
Decision support: Provides detailed electricity behavior data to assist in the formulation of scientific and reasonable energy policies.

VI. Summary and Outlook

This smart meter solution constructs a digital metering infrastructure for new power systems by integrating precise metering, diversified communication, and intelligent analysis technologies.

With the in-depth application of edge computing and AI technologies, smart meters are gradually evolving from traditional metering devices into grid-edge intelligent nodes. In the future, they will provide core data support for emerging applications such as demand response, virtual power plants, and carbon tracking, contributing to the digital transformation and low-carbon development of the power industry.