Skrifuð fyrir Frekari Aðgerð: Nýtt Kyn Intelligent Þríf- og Stjórnunaraðferð fyrir Hágildis FC Lengd

I. Lausnarsýfirlit​

Þessi lausn hefur til aðgang að veita samþætt verndarlausn fyrir FC rásir á bási "Hágervis vakuumtenginga + hágervis straumstökkur". Hún er sérstaklega hönnuð fyrir vernd og stýringu hágervis móta, dreifitransformatora og kondensatorklúppa í spennubili 3kV til 12kV, sérstaklega viðeigandi við tölvunarannsóknir sem krefjast oft dregins vinnslu og hárréttleiks (til dæmis vélaverksstaðir, stór verkstæði og gróður). Kerfið hefur að kerfi sínu aðgengi á nákvæma samstarf milli vakuumtengingar og straumstökku, sem gerir mögulegt stigbundið varnareinkunn gegn yfirhæðingum og kortslóðum, ásamt kostnaðargildi, öryggis og þekkingar.

​II. Kynning á eiginleikum helstu hluta​

​1. Hágervis vakuumtenging (FC rásarvinnsla og yfirhæðingarstöðvar)​
Hágervis vakuumtengingin er virkjan sem notuð er til oft dregins rásarvinnslu og stöðvar yfirhæðingarstraums. Eiginleikarnir hennar eru eins og eftirfarandi:

• ​Kerfisbygging:​​
• ​Vakuumhlutverk:​​ Notar keramískan hól, með innri vakuumstigi sem hækkar upp að 1.33×10⁻⁴ Pa, sem tryggir að boginn er stöðvaður við fyrsta núllpunkt straums, sem gerir mögulegt óolía- og óviðhaldið starf.
• ​Öryggismark og samþrengingarvirki:​​ Sameinaður með straumstökku og er úrustaður með mikilvægum samþrengingarvirkja. Þessi virki tryggir: ① Ef straumstökka í einhverju fasi slær, þá kallar hann fyrir sjálfgefið tríphase samþrengingu tengingarinnar, sem forðast einphase starf; ② Ef straumstökka í einhverju fasi er ekki sett, þá lokar hann mekanísk tengingunni frá að loka, sem tryggir starfsöryggi.
• ​Starfsvirki:​​ Notar elektromagnetiskan virki, sem styður oft dregin opnar og lokar aðgerðir upp að 2000 sinnum/klukkustund, sem fer langt yfir kapasíti skiptara.
• ​Starfs- og stöðvarprincip:​​
• ​Stöðvarprincip:​​ Notar háöryggis- og sterk bógnstöðvar vakuummiðils. Metallvapurboginn sem myndast við opnun er stöðvaður strax við núllpunkt straums, með hratt dielectric strength endurheimt. Skiptingarstraumur hans er undir 0.5A, sem efektívt dæmir um skiptingarovervoltages, sem er mjög vinfært fyrir motor insulation.
• ​Haldavísir:​​ Styður bæði elektrískan self-hold (örugg, lág hljóð) og mekanískan self-hold (hárréttleiki, andstæðugur) vísir. Notendur geta valið byggt á starfskravum (til dæmis LHJCZR series notar mekanískan self-hold).
• ​Keyrðar mælingar:​​

​2. Hágervis straumstökka (FC rásar kortslóðarverndarhlutur)​​
Hágervis straumstökkan er afmarkaður verndarhlutur fyrir kortslóðarvilla. Eiginleikarnir hennar eru eins og eftirfarandi:

• ​Core Function:​​ Býður upp á augnabliksveldis (quick-break) vernd. Þegar alvarleg kortslóðarvilla gerist (straumur yfir skiptingarafmarka tengingar), þá smeltir fusible element hennar fljótt og stöðvar rásina áður en straumurinn nálgast forsjáð topppunkt. Stöðvantíminn er mjög stutt (millisekunda stigi), sem takmörkumar mest villastrauma orku og verndar neðrlendi tæki frá skemmunni.
• ​Basic Selection Principles:​​
• ​Rated Voltage:​​ Mætti ekki vera lægra en kerfis fasteind spenna til að forðast overvoltage sem myndast við straumstökku starf sem fer yfir tæki insulating withstand level (venjulega takmarkað við undir 2.5 sinnum phase voltage).
• ​Rated Current:​​ Nýtur aðallega athuga normal/overload straum, tæki start inrush eiginleikar (til dæmis motor start straum, transformer magnetizing inrush), og tryggja selective coordination við upplendi verndartækjum (til dæmis relays).
• ​Role Positioning:​​ Fyllir bakverndarhlut í FC rás. Normal overload og minni kortslóðarstraumur eru stöðvaðir af comprehensive protection device signaling the vacuum contactor to open. Straumstökkan virkar eingöngu þegar villastraumurinn fer yfir skiptingarafmarka tengingar eða ef tengingin misskörunnar.

​III. Valda leiðbeiningar á bási verndaðs hluts​

​1. Motor Protection Fuse Selection​
Motor start straumur er háur og tími langur, sem krefst extra caution í vali til að forðast nuisance operation.

• ​Protection Coordination Logic:​​
• ​Overload Protection (e.g., stall, repeated starting):​​ Implemented by inverse-time relays, driving the contactor to open.
• ​Short-Circuit Protection:​​ Implemented by the fuse.
• ​Coordination Requirement:​​ The fuse's rated current must be greater than the motor's starting current, and its time-current characteristic curve must intersect the relay's curve at one point to achieve perfect coordination.
• ​Selection Reference (Excerpt):​​

• ​Key Point:​​ The longer the starting time and the higher the starting frequency, the larger the required fuse link rated current.

​2. Transformer Protection Fuse Selection​
Selection must ensure the fuse can withstand the transformer's closing magnetizing inrush current while providing effective protection against internal faults.

• ​Selection Reference (Excerpt):​​

​3. Capacitor Bank Protection Fuse Selection​
Capacitor bank switching generates high-frequency, high-amplitude closing inrush currents, posing special requirements for fuse selection.

• ​Special Consideration:​​ Must verify that the fuse can withstand the let-through energy (I²t) of the closing inrush current. Requirement: Inrush let-through energy < 0.7 times the fuse's minimum pre-arcing energy.
• ​Selection Requirements:​​
• Rated current is typically 1.5~2.0 times the capacitor's rated current.
• If the inrush current is too large, consider: ① Selecting dedicated capacitor fuses (e.g., WFN series); ② Adding a series current-limiting reactor with the capacitor; ③ Adding a series damping resistor in the branch.
• ​Recommendation:​​ A current-limiting reactor must be used when (Inrush Peak Current * Inrush Frequency) > 20000 or during extremely frequent operations.

​IV. Application Scope and Typical Cases​

​1. Application Scope​
The FC circuit solution is not universal. Its applicable boundaries are as follows:

• ​High-Voltage Motors:​​ ≤ 1200 kW
• ​Distribution Transformers:​​ ≤ 1600 kVA
• ​Capacitor Banks:​​ ≤ 1200 kvar
  Beyond these capacity ranges, a vacuum circuit breaker solution with higher breaking capacity and dynamic/thermal stability must be selected to ensure safety.

​2. Typical Case Validation​
This solution has been successfully applied in multiple projects, operating stably and reliably:

• ​Case 1: Chemical Plant, Texas, USA (Frequent Operation and Explosion-Proof Environment)​​
• ​Project Overview:​​ This large chemical base required frequent start-stop control for high-voltage pumps and compressor motors across multiple production lines, with environmental requirements for explosion-proofing and high reliability.
• ​Advantages Demonstrated:​​ The contactor's 2000 operations/hour frequency perfectly met process adjustment needs; precise coordination between the fuse and relay ensured accurate short-circuit protection for motors under frequent starting without nuisance operation; the low chopping current (<0.5A) provided by the vacuum interrupter effectively suppressed switching overvoltages, protecting the insulation of older motors. The overall solution saved significant investment compared to vacuum circuit breaker switchgear.
• ​Case 2: Automotive Manufacturing Plant, Bavaria, Germany (Transformer and Capacitor Compensation Protection)​​
• ​Project Overview:​​ A new smart manufacturing factory required stable, high-quality power supply for numerous robotic servo systems on automated production lines, accompanied by multiple dry-type distribution transformers and capacitor compensation banks.
• ​Advantages Demonstrated:​​ Fuse rated current selection fully considered transformer magnetizing inrush characteristics, avoiding nuisance operation during closing. For the capacitor banks, dedicated fuses successfully withstood the closing inrush impact (I²t verification passed). The contactor's low bounce ensured capacitor switching without re-ignition, safeguarding power quality on the grid.

​V. Solution Advantage Summary​

1. ​High Reliability:​​ Vacuum interrupter chamber is maintenance-free with a mechanical life of up to millions of operations; fuses provide millisecond-level quick-break protection.
2. ​Strong Safety:​​ Mechanical interlocking mechanism prevents single-phasing operation and closing with potential hazards; low chopping current protects equipment insulation.
3. ​Good Economy:​​ Compared to vacuum circuit breaker switchgear, FC switchgear offers lower cost, smaller size, and extremely high cost-effectiveness.
4. ​Intelligence:​​ Contactors can be seamlessly integrated with microprocessor-based protection devices, enabling remote monitoring, intelligent control, and data upload.
5. ​Easy Maintenance:​​ Core components are designed for maintenance-free operation; after fuse operation, only replacement with a same-specification fuse link is required, making operation simple.