Free Expert Guides on Power Systems, Circuit Design & Electrical Troubleshooting

In several electrical and power applications, the measurement of current flow is essential.Hence, current measurement is commonly required for monitoring and controlling applications.Depending on the kind of application, many types of current sensors with specialised current sensing technologies are available to detect (or)measure current flow.A current sensing resistor, also known as a shunt resistor, is the most prevalent methodto measure current flow in any application.This postdescribes shun

To derive the relations between line and phase currents and voltages of a star connected system, we have first to draw a balanced star connected system.Suppose due to load impedance the current lags the applied voltage in each phase of the system by an angle ϕ. As we have considered that the system is perfectly balanced, the magnitude of current and voltage of each phase is the same. Let us say, the magnitude of the voltage across the red phase i.e. magnitude of the voltage between neutral point

What is a Diode?Diodes are two-terminal electrical devices that act as a one-way switch, allowing current to flow (transfer) only in one direction. These diodes are made from semiconductor materials such as Silicon, Germanium, and Gallium arsenide.The diode’s two terminals are referred to as the Anode and Cathode. The functioning of a diode may be categorised into two types based on the potential difference (potential energy)between these two terminals: If the anode has a greater voltage than th

Complex PowerIt is very conceptual and essential to understand. For establishing the expression of complex power, we have to first consider a single phase network that’s voltage and current can be represented in complex form as V.ejα and I.ejβ. Where α and β are angles that voltage vector and current vector subtend with respect to some reference axis respectively. The active power and reactive power can be calculated by finding the product of voltage to conjugate of current.That means,This (α −

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another by electromagnetic induction. Transformers are widely used in power systems to step up or step down voltages, isolate circuits, and balance loads. Transformers can be classified into different types based on their construction, winding configuration, and vector group.A vector diagram of a transformer is a graphical representation of the phasor relationships between the primary and secondary voltages and curren

Capacitance of a Cylindrical Power CableElectrical Power Cable is a very popular example of cylindrical capacitor. In a power cable, there is a conductor at the center surrounding which there is insulating layer. Outer surface of the cable is generally covered with metallic cover which is grounded.Let us also consider, at any instant due to current in the conductor, the charge of the cable is Q coulomb per meter. The radius of conductor and outer radius of cable are r1 and r2 respectively.Now fo

What is a Ceramic Capacitor?A ceramic capacitor is the most commonly used capacitor in an electronic circuit. A ceramic capacitor is used due to its small physical size and large charge storage capability. The ceramic capacitor gets its name from its use of ceramic as a dielectric medium.We call the ceramic capacitors the “workhorses” of high-frequency capacitors. It is a polarity-less capacitor, and hence no polarity marking is available on the ceramic capacitors unlike the case of an electroly

An electrolytic capacitor is a special type of capacitor which uses an electrolyte for achieving higher capacitance ranging from 1uF to 50mF value, unlike other capacitors. An electrolyte is a solution having a high concentration of ions in it. Aluminium electrolytic capacitor, tantalum electrolytic capacitor and niobium electrolytic capacitor are three class of electrolytic capacitors used. For example in aluminium electrolytic capacitor, two aluminium metal foils are used as electrodes. The al

A parallel plate capacitor is a device that can store electric charge and energy in the form of an electric field between two conductive plates. The plates are separated by a small distance and are connected to a voltage source, such as a battery. The space between the plates can be filled with air, a vacuum, or a dielectric material, which is an insulator that can be polarized by an electric field.What is a Parallel Plate Capacitor?A parallel plate capacitor is defined as an arrangement of two

While capacitor is connected across a battery, charges come from the battery and get stored in the capacitor plates. But this process of energy storing is step by step only.At the very beginning, capacitor does not have any charge or potential. i.e. V = 0 volts and q = 0 C.Now at the time of switching, full battery voltage will fall across the capacitor. A positive charge (q) will come to the positive plate of the capacitor, but there is no work done for this first charge (q) to come to the posi