Tattalin ɗaya da Koyar Kirkiro na 10kV a Tsakiyar Tattalin ƙasa

1 Yadda na Hali na Grid

A lokacin da zan iya kawo hankali kan tashin jirgin ruwa ta kasuwa, yadda ake tabbatar da shi ya zama mai karfi, kuma ingantaccen bayanin kirkiro ya samun tasiri. Amma, saboda hanyoyin kuɗi, ba a yi ring networks, ko dual power supplies, ko lines a yi a cikin hukumar da take daɗe ne. Wannan muna so in ce wani takalmi da wasu daga cikinsu. Saboda haka, idan yadda aka faruwar da wani abu a cikin line, duk line ya sa, kuma babban lalacewa da ke tsakanin magana a kan yadda aka faruwar da shi. Wannan bai haƙa aiki da kuma yaduwa masu mulkin adawa su biyu. Saboda haka, a yi fitowa reclosers da sectionalizers a cikin lines na 10kV zai iya taimakawa wajen kontrolloccen yadda aka faruwar da abubuwa.

2 Siffar da Reclosers da Sectionalizers

2.1 Reclosers

① Reclosers suna da ayyuka mai zurfi da za su iya yi aiki da kuma buƙata saboda kowane wani abu. Babban ayyukan da ake amfani da ita ya samu karfin kuɗi daga CT da ake gudanar da recloser. Amsa mai kuɗi da ya fi 5A yana ba ayyukan da ake amfani da ita da aiki. Su ɗaya, su haihuwa, kuma ake iya fitowa a matsayin. Amsar da ake amfani da ita za su iya canzawa da kuma amsar da ake amfani da ita saboda amsar da ake amfani da ita, wanda yana ba da alaƙa.

② Reclosers suna iya yanayi aiki na current da ground current. Idan current ya yi fiye da ma'anarsa da ake sanya, suna iya yi aiki da kula-kula da kuma buƙata da kula-kula saboda wani abu. Idan abu yana da damar da yake, bayan 2, 3, ko 4 ayyukan da ake sanya, recloser ya ci gaba, kuma yana haifar da wurin da aka faruwar da shi daga main circuit.

2.2 Sectionalizers

① Drop-out sectionalizer shine aikin high-voltage mai tsawon birnin. Abincin da ake amfani da ita sun hada da insulators, contacts, conductive mechanisms, da kuma abubuwan da suka haɗa da su don aiki. Control system sun hada da electromagnetic interlocking contacts, electronic controller components, da kuma abubuwan da suka haɗa da su. Tripping action system sun hada da energy-storage permanent magnet mechanism, pallets, levers, da kuma lock blocks.

② Sectionalizers suna da current transformers da suke yanayi current values. Idan aka faruwar da wani abu a cikin line, electronic controller zai faɗa idan current ya yi fiye da ma'anarsa da ake sanya, kuma zai yi digital processing. Fault current zai ci gaba da recloser (ko circuit breaker) da ke gaba. Electronic controller zai iya ɗaukan da amsa da ake amfani da ita a yi aiki, da kuma, idan ya samu amsar da ake sanya (1, 2, ko 3), idan upstream switch ya ci gaba fault current da kuma line ya ci gaba voltage da current da ya fi 300mA, sectionalizer zai iya yi segmentation da 180ms. Wannan zai haifar da wurin da aka faruwar da shi a cikin ɗaya da kyau, ko kuma yana haifar da segment fault, kuma zai iya taimaka recloser (ko circuit breaker) don aiki.

③ Sectionalizers suna amfani da permanent magnet mechanism don aiki. Idan current a cikin sectionalizer ya yi fiye da ma'anarsa, circuit breaker (ko recloser) a cikin substation zai ci gaba fault current. Idan line ya ci gaba voltage, electronic control board a cikin sectionalizer tube zai bayyana permanent magnet mechanism trip unit, kuma zai iya buƙata sectionalizer. Bayan kowane segmentation, trip unit bai sa iya lafiya ɗaya abu ba. Idan sectionalizer ya ci gaba, zai iya a yi aiki saboda manual energy storage via stopper.

3 Coordinated Use of Reclosers and Sectionalizers

Daga fannon da siffafin reclosers da sectionalizers, a yi aiki da su a matsayin 10kV distribution networks zai iya taimakawa wajen samun aiki mai yawa. Suna iya ɗaukan da wurin da aka faruwar da shi, kuma yana haifar da segment fault daga healthy ones, kuma yana ba aiki da non-faulty line segments. Aikin da ake amfani da ita ana nufin cewa:

Reclosers suna fitowa a main line outlet ko kuma a cikin substations, kuma six groups of drop-out automatic sectionalizers F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, da F6 suna zama da a branch lines, kuma suna haifar da su L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, da L7. Ma'anarsa da ake sanya na starting current value na sectionalizers yana daidaita da starting current value na recloser.

3.1 Idan fault E1 ya faru a cikin segment L5

Recloser da sectionalizers F1, F3, da F4 suna samun fault current. Recloser zai buƙata, kuma line zai ci gaba voltage. F4 zai samun amsar da ake sanya na 1 operation da kuma zai buƙata/drop out, kuma yana haifar da fault segment L5. Idan recloser ya buƙata, power supply zai ji daidai a cikin segments L1, L2, L3, L4, L6, da L7.

3.2 Idan fault E2 ya faru a cikin segment L6

Recloser da sectionalizers F1 da F5 suna samun fault current. Recloser zai buƙata. Idan abu yana da damar da yake, recloser zai yi aiki da kuma power supply zai ji daidai. F1 da F5 zai ɗauka saboda ba su samu amsar da ake sanya. Idan abu yana da damar da yake, recloser zai buƙata, kuma line zai ci gaba voltage. F5 zai samun amsar da ake sanya na 2 operations da kuma zai buƙata/drop out, kuma yana haifar da fault segment L6, kuma F1 zai ɗauka saboda ba su samu amsar da ake sanya. Idan recloser ya buƙata, power supply zai ji daidai a cikin segments L1, L2, L3, L4, da L5.

3.3 Idan fault E3 ya faru a cikin segment L2

Aiki da fasaloli na fayuwarsa F1 ta samu amfani. A cikin wannan lokaci, aiki ya zama don fayuwarta yana kawo hankali. Idan shine amfani mai tsawon lokaci, aiki ya fi sako da kuma yake sake gina jirgin kwacewa. F1 ya zama tafi masu sakamakon, saboda ba a taba da adadin da aka bayar. Idan shine amfani mai tsawon ranar, aiki ba zama da sake gina jirgin kwacewa, ya zama ta kawo hankali, ya gina karfi don sake gina jirgin kwacewa amma ba zama, ya zama ta kawo hankali. An yi kawo hankali har zuwa lokacin da F1 ta taba da adadin da aka bayar na 3, ya zama ta kawo hankali da kuma yake sake gina jirgin kwacewa. Ba a taba da wajen L2, ba. A nan ne, aiki ya sake gina jirgin kwacewa kawai a wajen L1.

4 Dalilai na Fafanɗaya a Matattaccen Iyaka da Aiki

Daga cikin abin da aka bayar, yana cewa matattaccen iyaka da aiki tana da muhimmanci a cikin ilimi na shirye-shirye. Suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare, suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi, amma suna iya kula wurare da suka shafi, saboda haka suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi. Wannan tana taimaka wajen samun wurare da suka shafi, kuma tana taimaka wajen samun wurare da suka shafi. Don masu amfani, wannan tana zama da take da damar amfani na kayan aiki da kuma take da damar amfani na kayan aiki, kuma tana taimaka wajen samun wurare da suka shafi.

Kamar yadda aka bayar, idan an yi kawo hankali a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi, masu amfani suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi. Masu amfani suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi. Yanzu, idan an samu amfani a cikin wasu wurare, masu amfani suna iya sake gina jirgin kwacewa a cikin wasu wurare da suka shafi. Wannan nasara tana taimaka wajen samun wurare da suka shafi, kuma tana taimaka wajen samun wurare da suka shafi. Saboda haka, matattaccen iyaka da aiki tana da muhimmanci a cikin ilimi na shirye-shirye.