چگونه با خطاهاي رايج در واحدهاي RMU و زيرстанس هاي ترانسفورماتور مقابله کنيد

1. Ring Main Unit (RMU) and Transformer Substation

Ring main unit (RMU) and transformer substation yek terminal-e mohem dar system-e network-e distribution ring ast. vaziat-e amaliati-e in terminal be tarz-e barresi az nerkh-e system-e network-e distribution ring tashkil mishavad. Pas, in bakhsh be fawaid, tarkib-e system va namayesh-e vijeha-ye kari dar system-e network-e distribution ring pishkar miad.

1.1 Fawaid-e RMU va Transformer Substation

baz ham raveshe haye traditional-e distribution-e radial va radial-type dar system-e barq-e Chine bi roye dide shode ast. Lekin, ba peyda shodan-e ilm va fan-e modern va tavajjohat-e ejtema'i, line ha-ye distribution-e traditional-e radial va radial-type mitunand bedast avardan-e nerkh-haye hozir ra anjam bedahand. Dar in sohbat, system-e network-e distribution ring ershad shode ast. tahie va estefade az system-e network-e distribution ring be tavajjoh be kam shodan-e tedad-e corridors-e line ha-ye distribution va tamam shodan-e teknoloji-haye akhli, line ha-ye distribution ra akhli-ter mikonad.

hamchenin, system-e network-e distribution ring fawaid-e bisyar nadarad ki dar system-haye traditional nadarad, jeloase adaptability, jay-e kamtar, cost-e sarmayeh kamtar, va stability-e dynamic va thermal-e bozorg. Estefade az load switches be hamparvaru ba fuses-e current-limiting baraye feed transformers, protection-e effective baraye transformers ravandad. Pas, prospects-e estefade az system-e network-e distribution ring bisyar bozorg ast.

1.2 Tarkib-e RMU va Transformer Substation

ba ta'arof ba network-e distribution-e traditional, structure-e system-e network-e distribution ring bishtar complex ast. System dar do mode kar mikone: open-loop va closed-loop. dar power grids-e urban, closed-loop systems bi roye dide shode ast chon reliability va stability-ye anha bishtar ast. Lekin, closed-loop systems ham darakhteha-ye khosusi daran, mesl difficulty dar accurate calculation-e settings-e relay protection. dar barge, open-loop systems, ba capacity-e kamtar, bi roye dide shode ast dar small va medium-sized towns, chon parameters-e relay protection dar anha asan tar hesab mikonad. hamchenin, wiring configurations dar construction-e network-e distribution-e Chine mitunand variety konand, difficulty-e fault handling va maintenance ro afzayesh bedahand.

1.3 Namayesh-e Vijehe Kari

system-e network-e distribution ring vijehe kari-e unique darad ke dar system-haye digar nadarad. hala, hame system-haye network-e distribution ring dar system-e barq-e Chine design va manufacture shode-ye domestic hastand, chon maintenance va repair anha relative easier ast. hamchenin, load switch breakers va load switch cabinets component-haye essential-e system hastand. personnel-e power system mitunand anha ra install konand dar enclosures, intelligence-e system ro afzayesh bedahand, management burden-e operation va maintenance staff ro kam konand, va foundation-e crucial baraye application-e automated terminals pishdadand.

2. Fault Types and Handling Methods for RMU and Transformer Substation

dar actual operation, RMU va transformer substation mitunand be faults-e jeloas surge arrester failures va operating mechanism malfunctions rasidan.

2.1 Surge Arrester Faults

surge arresters normal operation-e electrical equipment ra ensure mikonad. agar surge arrester fail shavad, consequences-e serious rasidan mitunad. dar RMU va transformer substation, agar surge arrester punctured shavad ya explode konad, mitunad short circuit-e cables-e RMU ra cause konad ya discharge-e cable head ra, severely impact-e operation-e RMU va transformer substation ra.

2.2 PT and CT Faults

baraye provide data required baraye automation va switch operation power dar distribution cabinets, PTs (Potential Transformers) va CTs (Current Transformers) typically installed dar RMUs mishavad baraye ensure kari-ye intended. agar PTs ya CTs fail shavad, mitunad be quality defects-e manufacturer bashad. pas, dar procurement-e electrical components, designated personnel must thorough inspections anjam bedahand baraye prevent substandard products az enter RMU, avoiding unnecessary faults va ensuring normal operation-e RMU va transformer substation.

2.3 Operating Mechanism Malfunction

RMUs va transformer substations installed dar various areas-e power system ast. agar installed dar high-humidity environment va left unoperated baraye long periods, contact points-e components jeloas spring switches ya control circuits mitunand rust ya age, affecting sensitivity-e operating mechanism. agar such a fault occur, especially dar harsh operating environments, maintenance personnel must strengthen inspection va patrol efforts baraye ensure operating mechanism functions effectively va reliably.

2.4 Load Switch Faults

load switch yek critical electrical component dar RMU ast. fault dar load switch significantly impact-e operation-e RMU ra misazad. current RMUs use combined switches baraye protect small-capacity distribution transformers. agar fault occur dar load switch dar fuse operation, plunger tripping mechanism mitunad fail konad baraye operate normally, exacerbating impact-e fault.

2.5 Secondary Circuit Faults

secondary circuit faults dar RMU mitunand arise az poor contact ya other wiring issues. baraye prevent such faults, attention bayad paid shavad bar wire connections baraye ensure connection quality, va inspection va patrol efforts bayad strengthened shavad baraye reduce likelihood-e secondary circuit failures.

3. Fault Handling Measures for RMU and Transformer Substation

3.1 Management Measures

baraye effectively improve operational quality-e RMUs va transformer substations, necessary ast baraye reduce likelihood-e problems through various methods. dar normal operations, professional maintenance personnel should regular equipment maintenance anjam bedahand. staff bayad diverse issues encountered dar operation ra address konand baraye different methods va analyze problems baraye ensure timely resolution-e similar issues dar future.

az nazar-e management, enterprises bayad strict operational management strategies establish konand, clearly define employee responsibilities, fulfill each employee's management duties, va conduct regular equipment inspections va maintenance. agar problems occur, effective measures bayad taken promptly shavad baraye maintain equipment, prevent corrosion, damage, va aging, va meticulously record fault detection va maintenance baraye future reference, thereby effectively improving fault resolution efficiency.

3.2 Technical Measures

baraye advancement-e current technological levels, advanced scientific achievements increasingly applied dar industry-e power hastand. hala, overall maintenance-e RMUs va transformer substations requires enhanced application-e technology va further improvement-e emergency repair plans baraye increase overall operational stability. relevant staff bayad develop effective solutions baraye improve operational level-e RMUs va transformer substations. utilize computers baraye establish data models baraye calculate installation height-e RMUs, then adjust layout height-e main cable cabinet baraye actual installation environment, va appropriately optimize arrangement-e ring cabinet.

3.3 Enhancing Staff Competence

technical skills-e relevant personnel directly impact operation, maintenance, va fault diagnosis-e RMUs va transformer substations. first, enterprises bayad greater emphasis place konand bar technical personnel. social media bayad increase positive coverage-e staff baraye improve their social status. companies bayad design training programs baraye maintenance personnel baraye help them enhance their skills va implement incentive va disciplinary measures baraye boost work efficiency. maintenance personnel need to improve their capabilities through various methods. conduct comprehensive va targeted training baraye employees, covering technical standards, management standards, va work standards, retrain employees according to professional va required training plans baraye enhance their enthusiasm baraye participation. incorporate training into performance management system, evaluate each training course va participant, va use results as basis baraye company rewards va penalties.

3.4 Developing Emergency Plans

companies bayad prepare emergency plans in advance baraye ensure smooth operation-e RMUs va transformer substations. first, relevant personnel bayad promptly establish emergency measures. agar equipment fail konad, maintenance personnel bayad rush to site baraye inspection. agar fault cannot be repaired immediately, emergency plan bayad activated promptly shavad. relevant department bayad immediately notify other personnel baraye start backup equipment baraye prevent fault from escalating. baraye avoid recurrence, employees bayad promptly analyze problem va develop effective solutions.

4. Conclusion

in summary, although RMUs va transformer substations have many advantages dar actual operation, existing problems cannot be ignored. we should adopt scientifically sound solutions baraye promptly address issues arising dar operation baraye ensure normal functioning-e distribution network.