Substation da ake kira shi ne muke so kuɗi mai girma na rayukansu?

Za ku fada shi ne mafi yawan kisan alama na gida a cikin substation?

Kisan alama na gida shine kayan hankali na yin da ake amfani da ita don tafiya da kuma zaɓe masu gida (ko kuma masu gida na ƙasa ko masu gida na ɗaya) a cikin tattalin arziki. Yana da muhimmanci a cikin substations, tare da ƙarfin da zuciya na tattalin arziki.

1. Addinin Yawanci

Addinin yawan kisan alama na gida shine tafita kan bayanawa ukuwa a tattalin arziki, musamman tafiya da zero-sequence currents (yana nufin idan jumla vector sum na current ta farko da sabon ƙasa ba). Idan yake faruwa wata gida, da ya shafi abin da ya faruwa a zero-sequence currents, kisan alama ya tafiya wannan ukuwa kuma ya faɗa aiki na tafiyar daidai.

• Zero-sequence Current: A lokacin da tattalin arziki yake yi, current ta farko da sabon ƙasa yana iya haɗa, kuma jumla vector sum su yana iya kasance zero. Idan yake faruwa wata gida, current yana ɗaukar da ita zuwa gida, wanda yake saukar da zero-sequence current.

• Aiki na Kisan Alama: Idan an samu zero-sequence current mai tsari mai yawan da take sanya, kisan alama yana bayar da sunan trip signal don koyar da circuit da ke da faruwa, don kare da yin lafiya.

2. Masu Amfani da Su

Kisan alama na gida suna amfani da su a cikin duk tattalin arziki, musamman a wasu yanayi:

• Tattalin Tsakiyar: A cikin tattalin tsakiyar mai karfi da mai yawa, kisan alama na gida suna iya tafiya da kuma zaɓe masu gida, kuma suna iya koyar da fault points, kuma suna iya kare da lalace da yin lafiya.

• Substations: A cikin substations, kisan alama na gida suna amfani da su da wasu kayan hankali masu tafiyar (kamar differential protection da distance protection) don ba da tafiyar na manyan layi.

• Makarantun Kayan Aiki: A cikin makarantun kayan aiki mai yawa, waɗannan kisan alama suna zaɓe kayan aiki daban-daban daga masu gida, tare da ƙarfin da zuciya na aiki mai yawa.

3. Turutan Mata

Idan koyar da amfani da su da kuma tsari, kisan alama na gida zan iya girma da mata:

• Instantaneous Relays: An amfani da su don ƙarin tafiya da masu gida mai yawa, kuma suna iya bayar da sunan trip actions a lokacin da biyu da maɗaɗiyan milliseconds.

• Definite Time Relays: Suna da time delay wanda ake iya sanya karkashin tsari, yana da muhimmanci a cikin tafiyar da yin da yawa.

• Inverse Time Relays: Lokacin da fault current yana ƙara, lokacin da aiki yana ƙara, kuma yana da muhimmanci a cikin tafiyar da yin da yawa.

4. Addinin Tafiyar

Kisan alama na gida suna amfani da su da circuit breakers ko wasu kayan hankali masu koyar da su don bincike addinin tafiyar. Yanayin da ake yi sun hada:

• Fault Detection: Kisan alama yana tafiya da current a cikin tattalin arziki kuma yana tafiya da zero-sequence current.

• Fault Judgment: Idan zero-sequence current yana ƙara da tsari da aka sanya, kisan alama yana tafiya da shi a matsayin fault.

• Trip Signal Emission: Kisan alama yana bayar da sunan trip command don koyar da circuit breaker don koyar da circuit da ke da faruwa.

• Event Recording: Kisan alama yana da event recording function, yana tafiya da details kamar lokaci da kuma current value da fault don tattauna da koyar da su.

5. Muhimman Abubuwa

• Enhanced Safety: Tafiya da kuma zaɓe masu gida yana kare da arc discharges, fires, da kuma wasu abubuwan gida.

• Reduced Equipment Damage: Koyar da circuit da ke da faruwa yana kare da lafiya da yin kayan aiki.

• Improved Power Continuity: Ta koyar da kawai area da ke da faruwa, impact na tattalin arziki yana ƙara, kuma yana kare da ƙarfin da zuciya na tattalin arziki.

6. Dukunan Da Neman Dabi'ar

Don in ƙara tafiyar da zuciya na kisan alama na gida, design da kuma amfani suna ci gaba da dukunan da neman dabi'ar masu inganci da masu ƙasa, kamar:

• IEC 60255: Dukunan da International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ta fitar da su.

• ANSI C37.90: Dukunan da American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ta fitar da su.

Bayanin Aiki

Kisan alama na gida shine kayan hankali mai muhimmanci a cikin tattalin arziki, da yake tafiya da kuma zaɓe masu gida, tare da ƙarfin da zuciya na tattalin arziki. Yana tafiya da zero-sequence currents don tafiya da faults kuma yana koyar da circuit da ke da faruwa, tare da ƙarfin da zuciya na tattalin arziki da kuma mutanen aiki.