Kiwarta Da Kisan Gajimare
Yana da hukuma cewa zai iya samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfuta daga abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan. Waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan za su iya samu saboda dalilai masu yawa kamar, haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa, na'ura, da kuma haɗaɗin tsari. Waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan za su iya ƙarfin tsirrai na kayayyakin da kuma insulatordan kwamfutan. Amma, ba duk waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan ba su taka muhimmanci don ƙarfin tsirrai na kayayyakinsu, amma haka su ya kamata a sake tabbatar da samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan don inganta rayuwarsa da shiga cikin tsarin kwamfutan.
Waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suka da ƙarfi da kuma babban ƙarfi suna daɗe da over voltage protection.
Voltage Surge
Abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da aka saka a cikin tsarin kwamfutan, suna da nasara mai yawa. Na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ko na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ana bayyana cewa na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa da kuma na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan.
Na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan suna da nasara mai yawa, wanda yake cewa suke da damar da yawa. Dalilan mafi yawa na waɗannan na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan a cikin tsarin kwamfutan sun hadaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa da kuma na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan. Amma, abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan a cikin tsarin kwamfutan za su iya samu saboda haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa, kafiyar insulatan, da kuma na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan.
Na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suka faru a cikin tsarin kwamfutan saboda haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa, kafiyar insulatan, da kuma na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ba su taka muhimmanci. Waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan ba su taka muhimmanci don ƙarfin tsirrai na kayayyakinsu, amma haka su ya kamata a sake tabbatar da samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan don inganta rayuwarsa da shiga cikin tsarin kwamfutan. Amma, abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suka faru a cikin tsarin kwamfutan saboda haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa suna da ƙarfi. Idan over voltage protection ba a yi a cikin tsarin kwamfutan, za a iya samun ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Saboda haka, duka abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da ake amfani a cikin tsarin kwamfutan suna da nasara mai yawa saboda haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa.
A bincika dalilai masu yawa na waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan.
Haɗaɗin Tsarin Kaya Mai Yawa Ko Haɗaɗin Tsarin Kaya Mai Yawa
Idan an haɗaɗo tsarin kaya mai yawa, na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. Wannan na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. Idan an haɗaɗo tsarin kaya mai yawa, na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. A lokacin da kafiyar insulatan, kayan kayan ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. Wannan za su iya samu na'uran gaba-gaban kwamfutan.
Idan emf wave da alternator ya faɗa ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa, ya kamata samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan. Abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan suna da nasara mai yawa saboda harmonics. Ana bayyana cewa harmonics ta haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. Saboda harmonics, ya kamata samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan. Amma, duk waɗannan abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan ba su taka muhimmanci. Amma, abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suka faru a cikin tsarin kwamfutan saboda haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa suna da ƙarfi. Ya kamata a sake tabbatar da samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan don inganta rayuwarsa da shiga cikin tsarin kwamfutan.
Tsarin Inganta Daga Haɗaɗin Tsarin Kaya Mai Yawa
Wadannan suna da uku abubuwa masu yawa da ake amfani don inganta daga haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa. Su ne:
Earthing screen.
Overhead earth wire.
Lighning arrester or surge dividers.
Earthing Screen
Earthing screen ana amfani a cikin substation. A nan, akwai net of GI wire da aka saka a cikin substation. GI wires, da aka amfani don earthing screen, suka daɗe da ground. Wannan net of grounded GI wire a cikin substation, tana ba aiki da yawan jirgin sama da ground don haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa.
Wannan tsarin inganta abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan tana da nasara mai yawa, amma ya kamata a sake tabbatar da samun abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan don inganta rayuwarsa da shiga cikin tsarin kwamfutan. Amma, wannan tsarin ba zai iya inganta daga haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa da suke faru a cikin feeders.
Overhead Earth Wire
Wannan tsarin inganta abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan tana da nasara mai yawa. Dukkan earthing screen, overhead earth wire ana saka a cikin transmission network. Akwai one da biyu GI wires da aka saka a cikin transmission conductors. GI wires, suka daɗe da ground a cikin har tsari. Wannan overhead ground wires or earth wire tana ba aiki da yawan jirgin sama da ground don haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa.
Lightning Arrester
Earthing screen da overhead earth wire, su ne abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suka da nasara mai yawa don inganta daga haɗaɗin tsarin kaya mai yawa, amma su ba zai iya inganta daga abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan da suke faru a cikin feeders. Lightning arrester tana ba aiki da yawan jirgin sama da ground don abubuwan gaba-gaban kwamfutan. Concept of lightning arrester tana da nasara mai yawa. Wannan device tana da nasara mai yawa. Resistance decreases as voltage increases and vice-versa, after a certain level of voltage.
Funkashin lightning arrester or surge dividers tana da nasara mai yawa.
Under normal voltage level, these devices withstand easily the system voltage as electrical insulator and provide no conducting path to the system current.
On occurrence of voltage surge in the system, these devices provide very low impedance path for the excess charge of the surge to the ground.
After conducting the charges of surge, to the ground, the voltage becomes to its normal level. Then lightning arrester regains its insulation properly and prevents further conduction of current, to the ground.
Akawar lightning arresters da ake amfani a cikin tsarin kwamfutan, sun hadaɗin rod gap arrester, horn gap arrester, multi-gap arrester, expulsion type LA, value type LA. In addition to these, the most commonly used lightning arrester for over voltage protection now-a-days is gapless ZnO lightning arrester.
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