Mai yin daɗi aikin karkashin kuli?
Zai na nufin da Electric Power Generation?
Tushen Power Generation
Sistem din kasa tana da uku manyan bahaushe: generation, transmission, da distribution. Wannan makaranta ta shafi fannonin generation, inda babu wata tsarin energy ya zama electrical energy. Electrical energy tana gina daga cikin hukumomin natural.
Hukumomin energy suna kategorize a nan renewable da non-renewable. Yanzu, mafi yawan electrical energy tana gina daga cikin hukumomin non-renewable kamar coal, oil, da natural gas.
Amma hukumomin non-renewable su ne da iyakokin. Ya kam ne a yi amfani da su da tabbacin lalace da suka bukata alternative ko renewable sources.
Hukumomin renewable sun hada solar, wind, water, tidal, da biomass. Wadannan su ne da muhimmanci ga al'ada, free, da iyakokin resources. Bambanta masu ingantaccen bayanai game da wannan hukumomin renewable.
Hukumomin Renewable
Hukumomin renewable kamar solar, wind, hydro, tidal, da biomass su ne da muhimmanci ga al'ada da iyakokin.
Solar Power Generation
Solar energy tana iya zama alternative mai kyau don power generation. Akwai biyu manyan hukuma don gina electricity daga sunlight.
Zan iya gina electricity directly tare da photovoltaic (PV) cell. Photovoltaic cell tana da silicon. Koyaya cells suna aiki a series ko parallel don bincike solar panel.
Zan iya gina heat (solar thermal) tare da mirrors a nan sunlight, da zan iya amfani da wannan heat don convert water zuwa steam. Wannan high-temperature steam tana rotate turbines.
Muhimmanci Solar Energy System
Cost of transmission tana da zero for a stand-alone solar system.
Solar electricity generation system tana da muhimmanci ga al'ada.
Cost of maintenance tana da low.
It is an ideal source for remote locations that cannot link to the grid.
Kasashen Solar Energy System
Initial expenses tana da high.
Require large area for bulk production.
Solar electricity generation system tana da weather-dependent.
Solar energy storage (battery) tana da costly.
Wind Energy System
Wind turbines tana amfani a nan don convert wind energy zuwa electrical energy. Wind tana flow tare da temperature changes a nan atmosphere. Wind turbines tana turn wind energy zuwa kinetic energy. Kinetic energy tana rotate induction generator, da generator tana convert kinetic energy zuwa electrical energy.
Muhimmanci Wind Energy System
Wind energy tana da unlimited, free and clean source of energy.
Operating cost tana da almost zero.
A wind electricity generating system can generate power in a remote location.
Kasashen Wind Energy System
It cannot produce the same amount of electricity at all time.
It needs a big open area.
It makes noise.
The construction process of a wind turbine tana da expensive.
It gives lower electricity output.
It poses threats from flying birds.
Hydro Energy System
Power obtained from river or ocean water tana da hydropower. Hydro power plants tana work based on the gravitational effects. A nan tana store water a dam or reservoir. Idan tana allow falling the water, movement of this water as it flows downstream towards the penstock tana cause kinetic energy that rotates the turbines.
Muhimmanci Hydro Energy System
It can be used in the service instantly.
After this process, water can be used for irrigation and other purposes.
Dams are designed for an extended period and so it can contribute to the generation of electrical energy for many years.
Running and maintenance costs tana da low.
No fuel transportation tana da required.
Kasashen Hydro Energy System
The initial cost of a hydel power plant tana da high.
Hydropower plants tana locate a hilly area, and it tana very far from the load. So, they require a long transmission line.
The construction of dams tana flood towns and cities.
It is also weather-dependent.
Coal and Nuclear Power
Coal Energy System
A thermal power plant tana produce electricity by burning coal in the boiler. Heat tana use don convert water into steam. This high pressure and high-temperature steam flowing into the turbine tana spin a generator to produce electrical energy.
Idan it passes through the turbine, the steam tana cool in a condenser and reuse in the boiler to generate steam again. Thermal power plant tana work according to Rankine cycle.
Muhimmanci Coal Energy System
Coal tana cheap.
It has less initial cost compared to renewable power plants.
It requires less space than a hydel plant.
We can construct a thermal power plant at any place because coal can be transport to the plant irrespective of its location.
Construction and commissioning of thermal power plants take lesser time than a hydel plant.
Kasashen Coal Energy System
Coal tana da non-renewable energy source.
The operating cost tana da high and variable according to the price of fuel.
It pollutes the atmosphere due to smoke and fumes.
It requires a huge quantity of water.
Nuclear Energy System
The working of nuclear power tana almost the same as a thermal power plant. In a thermal power plant, coal tana use in the boiler to produce heat.
In a nuclear power plant, uranium tana use in the nuclear reactor to generate heat. In both power plants, heat energy tana get converted into electrical energy.
1kg of uranium can produce energy same as the energy produced by burning of 4500 tonnes of coal or 2000 tonnes of oil.
Muhimmanci Nuclear Energy System
It requires less space than a thermal power plant and a hydropower plant.
It can produce an unusually high amount of electrical energy from a single plant.
It does not emit CO2
A nuclear power plant tana need a small quantity of fuel.
Kasashen Nuclear Energy System
It has a high initial construction cost.
It has high operating and maintenance costs.
It has radioactive waste.
It has a high risk of radio-activity and explosion.
